Gaspar Fagel

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Gaspar Fagel
Grand Pensionary of Holland
In office
20 August 1672 – 5 December 1688 (1672-08-20 – 1688-12-05)
Preceded byJohan de Witt
Succeeded byMichiel ten Hove
Personal details
Born(1634-01-25)25 January 1634
Grote Kerk, The Hague

Gaspar Fagel (25 January 1634 – 15 December 1688) was a Dutch politician, jurist, and diplomat who authored correspondence from and on behalf of

English Revolution of 1688
.

Early life

Fagel was born into a distinguished patrician family. Little is known of his early life, but in 1663 he was elected

States of Holland
.

Political career

In 1667, Fagel,

States-General
agreed to declare the office of stadtholder incompatible with the office of captain general of the Dutch Republic.

In 1670, Fagel was made Secretary of the

Louis XIV of France against his country, and for his zeal in supporting the claims of William III, Prince of Orange
to the English throne.

Correspondence

William used letters from Fagel to reassure English Nonconformists or dissenters that they would be allowed to practice their religion. Some of these were written as Pensionary of Holland, including an open letter written in 1687, deploring James' religious policy; others purported to be written at William's request.[1]

In 1687, James Stewart, a Scottish Presbyterian lawyer who supported repeal of the Test Acts, had been in contact with a number of Dutch acquaintances. It was passed onto Fagel, who prepared a response.[2]

In early 1688,

this letter was widely circulated in England; it confirmed tolerance for dissenters but did not require them to support repeal.[3] Many dissenters viewed the act as essential for guaranteeing the primacy of the Protestant faith and Fagle confirmed the Dutch would support the softening of some laws only if: "... those Laws remain still in their full vigour by which the Roman Catholics are shut out of both Houses of Parliament, and out of all public employment; Ecclesiastical, Civil and Military: as likewise all those others, which confirm the Protestant Religion and which secures it against all the attempts of the Roman Catholic."[2]

The effect of this letter, and others, was to assure the Parliament that William III would not stand in the way of the Parliament's legislative agenda which manifested itself in the form of the Bill of Rights of 1689.

References

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Grand Pensionary of Holland

1672–1688
Succeeded by