Ge'ez Braille
Ge'ez Braille | |
---|---|
Script type | alphabet
|
Print basis | Ethiosemetic languages |
Related scripts | |
Parent systems |
|
Ge'ez Braille is the
Alphabet
Ge'ez Braille is a consonant–vowel alphabet, not an
The syllabic chart at right shows a blank cell ⟨⠀⟩ being used for the vowel ⟨ə⟩. This is perhaps an artefact of the presentation; UNESCO (2013) shows it as a zero vowel that is simply not written.[1]
-ä |
-u |
-i |
-a |
-e |
-o |
-wa |
h ሀ |
l ለ |
ḥ ሐ |
m መ |
ś ሠ |
r ረ |
s ሰ |
š ሸ |
ḳ ቀ |
b በ |
t ተ |
č ቸ |
ḫ ኀ |
n ነ |
ñ ኘ |
ʾ አ |
k ከ |
x ኸ |
w ወ |
ʿ ዐ |
z ዘ |
ž ዠ |
y የ |
d ደ |
ǧ ጀ |
g ገ |
ṭ ጠ |
č̣ ጨ |
p̣ ጰ |
ṣ ጸ |
ṣ́ ፀ |
f ፈ |
p ፐ |
v ቨ |
⟨ə⟩ is not the default vowel in print Amharic, which is instead ⟨ä⟩ (braille ⠢). For example, el + vowel is written ለ ⠇⠢ lä, ሉ ⠇⠥ lu, ሊ ⠇⠊ li, ላ ⠇⠁ la, ሌ ⠇⠑ le, ል ⠇ lə, ሎ ⠇⠕ lo, ሏ ⠇⠭ lwa.
CwV and CyV other than Cwa are written with medial w and y: ገ ⠛⠢ gä, ጉ ⠛⠥ gu, ጊ ⠛⠊ gi, ጋ ⠛⠁ ga, ጌ ⠛⠑ ge, ግ ⠛ gə, ጎ ⠛⠕ go, ጐ ⠛⠺⠢ gwä, ጒ ⠛⠺⠊ gwi, ጓ ⠛⠭ gwa, ጔ ⠛⠺⠑ gwe, ጕ ⠛⠺⠥ gwə. Note that Cwə is written as if it were Cwu, a sequence which does not occur in
Numbers
፩ | 1 | ⠁⠁⠆ | ፲ | 10 | ⠁⠅⠆ |
፪ | 2 | ⠁⠉⠆ | ፳ | 20 | ⠁⠅⠉⠆ |
፫ | 3 | ⠁⠒⠆ | ፴ | 30 | ⠁⠅⠒⠆ |
፬ | 4 | ⠁⠤⠆ | ፵ | 40 | ⠁⠅⠤⠆ |
፭ | 5 | ⠁⠑⠆ | ፶ | 50 | ⠁⠅⠑⠆ |
፮ | 6 | ⠁⠢⠆ | ፷ | 60 | ⠁⠅⠢⠆ |
፯ | 7 | ⠁⠊⠆ | ፸ | 70 | ⠁⠅⠊⠆ |
፰ | 8 | ⠁⠔⠆ | ፹ | 80 | ⠁⠅⠔⠆ |
፱ | 9 | ⠁⠃⠆ | ፺ | 90 | ⠁⠅⠃⠆ |
፲ | 10 | ⠁⠅⠆ | ፻ | 100 | ⠁⠍⠁⠅ |
The form of 100 suggests that the prefix ⠁ may occur before each digit, while the suffix ⠆ occurs only at the end of the number.
Western numbers are marked with ⠼ as in other braille alphabets.
Punctuation
Native punctuation is as follows:
፡ | ። | ፣ | ፤ | ፦ | ፧ | ᎐ | |
Braille |
The last is a 'tonal mark'.
There is also Western punctuation:
? | ! | ... | - | — | / | * | |
Braille |
« ... » | ‹ ... › | ( ... ) | [ ... ] | |
Braille | ... | ... | ... | ... |
References
- ^ Unesco (2013), World Braille Usage, 3rd ed.
- Ethiopic Braille at Adaptive Technology Center for the Blind, Addis Ababa