Gendarmerie General Command

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Gendarmerie General Command
Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı
Commander
  • General Ali Çardakçı, Deputy Commander
  • Lt. General Halis Zafer KOÇ, Deputy Commander
  • Lt. General İsmail BALIBEK, Deputy Commander
  • Lt. General Hüseyin KURTOĞLU, Deputy Commander
    • Parent agency
    Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War
    Website
    jandarma.gov.tr/

    The Gendarmerie General Command (

    Republic of Turkey. It is a service branch of the Turkish Ministry of Interior responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of police forces (generally in rural areas), as well as assuring internal security along with carrying out other specific duties assigned to it by certain laws and regulations. In wartime, some of its elements can be subordinated to Turkish Land Forces by the President of Turkey
    .

    The Commander of the Gendarmerie reports to the Minister of the Interior.

    The Gendarmerie has its roots in the

    Seljuq Empire
    .

    History

    Ottoman Gendarmerie Cavalry in Macedonia.

    Ottoman era

    Main article: Ottoman Gendarmerie

    After the abolition of the Janissary corps of the Ottoman Empire in 1826, military organizations called Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Mansûre, Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Hâssa, and, in 1834, Asâkir-i Redîfe were established for security and public order in Anatolia and in some provinces of Rumelia.[citation needed]

    British officers in the Ottoman Gendarmerie, 1904

    As the first use of the term Gendarmerie was in the Assignment Decrees published in the years following the 1839 Edict of Gülhane, it is assumed that the Gendarmerie organization was founded after that year, but the exact date of foundation has not yet been determined. Therefore, the date on which the name Asâkir-i Zaptiye Nizâmnâmesi was adopted, June 14, 1839, is usually considered the foundation date of the Turkish Gendarmerie.[4]

    After the

    Ottoman Turkish
    : Umûm Jandarma Kumandanlığı).

    Gendarmerie units continued their internal security duties as well as taking part in the conflict at various fronts as a part of the Armed Forces during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence.[citation needed]

    Republic of Turkey

    20th century

    conscript gendarme on guard at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul

    The Gendarmerie organization achieved its current legal status on June 10, 1930. In 1939, the Gendarmerie organization was restructured, having three groups: Fixed Gendarmerie Units, Mobile Gendarmerie Units, and Gendarmerie Training Units and Schools.[citation needed]

    In 1956, the Gendarmerie General Command was assigned the duties of protecting borders, coasts and territorial waters, and fighting smuggling, which had been previously carried out by the Gümrük Umum Kumandanlığı, under the Ministry of Customs and Monopoly. In 1957, Gendarmerie Border Units were transformed into brigades, and Gendarmerie Training Brigades were established.[citation needed]

    In 1961, Gendarmerie Regional Commands were established. In 1968, the first Gendarmerie Aviation Unit was established in Diyarbakır under the name of Light Helicopter Company Command.[citation needed]

    In 1974, Gendarmerie Commando Units and Gendarmerie Aviation Units took part in the Turkish military operations in Cyprus.[citation needed]

    In 1988, the duty of protecting the land borders and ensuring their security was assigned to the Land Forces Command, but Gendarmerie General Command still holds the responsibility for some parts of the Iranian and Syrian borders and the whole Iraqi border.[citation needed]

    The Gendarmerie Criminal Department was founded in Ankara in 1993 and from 1994, Gendarmerie Regional Criminal Laboratory Superiorities? were founded. Crime Scene Examination Teams, Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established.[citation needed]

    21st century

    In 2016, the Gendarmerie General Command was affiliated to the

    Ministry of Interior.[5]

    In 2018,

    Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War.[citation needed] According to the Syrian Observatory of Human Rights, Turkish Gendarmerie killed 500 Syrian civilians at the turkish-syrian border.[6]

    The Gendarmerie General Command currently has a total of 3,600 units, including 3,056 Internal Security Units, 218 Commando Units, 162 Prison Units, 160 Protection Units and four Aviation Units.[citation needed]

    Duties

    The duties of the gendarmerie according to the Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Powers of the Gendarmerie; It is categorized under four main titles as judicial, military, civil and other duties.[7]

    Judicial duties

    • Finding crimes and criminals,
    • Capturing suspects,
    • Transferring evidence judicial authorities,
    • Conduct preparatory investigations when instructed to by the public prosecutor,
    • Transporting prisoners between jails and courthouses.

    Civil duties

    • To ensure that the services for general safety and security are carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation,
    • To carry out the services of informing the public about how to protect the society from public order crime, directing children and young people to crime and taking precautionary measures,
    • To evaluate the information and statistics about public order crimes, to conduct or have an analysis of the crime and to determine the methods of combating crime to prevent public order crimes by evaluating them,
    • Carrying out activities to prevent crime,
    • Preventing, pursuing and investigating smuggling,
    • External protection of penal institutions and detention centers.

    Military duties

    • To perform military services provided by law

    Other duties

    • These are duties other than judicial, military and civil duties, such as facility and personal protection and transport security, which must be carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, orders and decisions.

    Structure

    Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters

    Commands

    Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters (Ankara)

    Criminal units

    • Provincial Gendarmerie Commands in 81 provinces & in 388 districts.
      • The Crime Scene Investigation Teams (CSIT) (Working under the Provincial and District Gendarmerie Commands systematically examine the crime scene by means of technical and scientific methods; properly gather physical evidences; pack and send them to forensic laboratories.)
      • Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams ( which have been established in tourism regions, regions with a concentration of terror incidents and big cities, dispose of explosive ordnances.)
      • Crime scene investigation units[12]
      • Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department (ASOCD)[13]

    Other units

    • Gendarmerie Traffic Teams
      • The Gendarmerie Motorcycled Public Order Teams (Round-the-clock at the highways established by the protocols in the responsibility areas of the Gendarmerie General Command.)
    • Gendarmerie Dog Teams
    • Gendarmerie Environmental Protection Teams (Environmental Protection Teams have been established in order to protect environment, ecological balance and natural life, to protect living species and areas protected by national legislation and international conventions and to prevent environmental pollution.)[14]
    • The Gendarmerie Mounted Units (Used in performing patrolling services at resort areas, forestlands, recreation spots and museums (Topkapı Palace), and in performing preventive law enforcement services.)[15]

    Ranks

    Officers

    NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student officer
    Turkish Gendarmerie
    		 Various
    [a]
    Orgeneral Korgeneral Tümgeneral Tuğgeneral Albay Yarbay Binbaşı Yüzbaşı Üsteğmen Teğmen Asteğmen

    Other Ranks

    NATO rank scale OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
    Turkish Gendarmerie[16][17]
    Uzman Jandarma VIII Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma VII Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma VI Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma V Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma IV Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma III Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma II Kademeli Çavuş Uzman Jandarma I Kademeli Çavuş
    Uzman Çavuş IV Uzman Çavuş III Uzman Çavuş II Uzman Çavuş I
    Astsubay kıdemli başçavuş Astsubay başçavuş Astsubay kıdemli üstçavuş Astsubay üstçavuş Astsubay kıdemli çavuş Astsubay çavuş Uzman onbaşı

    The Gendarmerie Museum

    Museum

    The Gendarmerie Museum is established in order to reflect the developments in periodical order beginning with the foundation of the Gendarmerie organization; to exhibit its activities, heroic deeds, services in the history; to protect all kinds of military cultural assets related to the Gendarmerie by collecting them and to transfer them to the future generations. The Gendarmerie Museum in the Beytepe Lieutenant General İsmail SELEN Quarters in Ankara and is open to public.[18]

    Equipment

    Handguns

    Shotguns

    Submachine guns

    Assault and battle rifles

    Machine guns

    Sniper rifles

    Rocket and grenade launchers

    Mortars

    Directed energy weapon

    • JARMOL[48]-Laser weapon

    Anti-drone system

    • ASELSAN IHTAR KARTAL-2[49]

    Vehicles and Aerial vehicles

    Model Image Origin/Assembly Type Variant Quantity Details
    Patrol vehicles
    TOGG[50]  Turkey Electric Patrol vehicle SUV N/A
    BMC Tulga Armoured patrol vehicle SUV Expected to enter the inventory of Gendarmerie 2025.It will be produced 300 in total.[51][52]
    Isuzu D-Max[53]  Japan
     Turkey     		Patrol vehicle Pick-up N/A
    Dacia Duster[54]  France
     Romania
     Turkey     		SUV
    Fiat Egea[55]
    		  Italy
     Turkey     		Sedan 50
    Fiat Doblo[55] Bus 50
    Reanult Megane[56]  France
     Turkey     		Traffic patrol vehicle Sedan N/A
    Renault Fluence[56]
    Toyota Corolla[57]  Japan
     Turkey
    Mitsubishi Triton[58] Pick-up
    Nisan Navara[53]
    Ford Ranger[59]  United States
     Turkey     		Patrol vehicle
    Ford Transit Custom[60] Van
    Ford Transit[61]
    Honda Africa Twin[56]  Japan
     Turkey     		Patrol Motorbike CRF1000L
    BMW R1200[56]  Germany
     Turkey     		R1200 GS
    Armoured vehicles
    Sisu Nasu  Finland Tracked All-Terrain Vehicle NA-140 BT 47
    BMC Kirpi  Turkey MRAP Kirpi

    Kirpi II[62]

    		200

    200[63][64]

    		Integrated JARMOL Directed energy weapon on Kirpi 1.[65] It can be combined with IHTAR KARTAL-2 anti-drone system.[49]
    BMC Vuran[66]  Turkey MRAP Vuran 4x4

    Vuran Alkar

    		200 BMC Vuran armored vehicle with Mobile Adjustable Ramp System.[67] The Gendarmerie took delivery of the VURAN vehicles mounted on the ALKAR 120mm Mortar Weapon System. Mobile mortar capability will be gained with ALKAR-mounted VURAN vehicles.[47]
    Nurol Ejder[66]  Turkey MRAP Ejder Yalçın 4x4 400+[68]
    Otokar Cobra  Turkey Infantry Mobility Vehicle Cobra I

    Cobra II[66]

    		200

    100[63]

    Otokar Ural -  Turkey Armoured patrol vehicle N/A[69]
    Shorland S55  Turkey

     United Kingdom

    		Armoured Patrol vehicle 100[70]
    FNSS PARS  Turkey Armoured personnel carrier Expected to be delivered 6x6 and 8x8 vehicles in 5 different variants.[71]
    TOMA[66]  Turkey Armoured vehicle N/A Community Incident Intervention Vehicle.
    Dragoon
    		  United States
    Amphibious Armoured fighting vehicle
    		 Dragoon 300 150[72]
    Engineering vehicle
    MEMATT -  Turkey Demining vehicle 2 on order[73]
    Aircraft
    Beechcraft Super King Air[74][75]  United States Light transport/

    Reconnaissance aircraft

    		B350[76] N/A Used by Gendarmerie Aviation Command[75]
    Cessna C-680  United States Light transport aircraft C-680[77]
    AQUILA A212  Germany Light aircraft/Trainer aircraft A212 1[78] New variant in use.[79]
    TAI Hürkuş  Turkey Light attack Hürkuş-C Planned acquisition.[80]
    Helicopters
    TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK  Turkey
     Italy    		 Attack helicopter T-129A

    T-129B

    		13[81] 24 in total planned.[82]
    Sikorsky-S70 Black Hawk  United States
     Turkey    		 Medium Transport/Utility helicopter S-70A
    S-70i
    T-70     		12[83]
    N/A
    3[84]    		 Avionics upgraded by
    ASELSAN
    .

    30 T-70 on order.[85]

    TAI T625 Gökbey  Turkey
    Light Transport/Utility Helicopter
    		 T625 It will replace UH-1 Huey helicopters.

    3 on order.[86]

    UH-1 Huey
    		  United States Utility helicopter/Transport AB-205A 10[70][87] Avionics upgraded by
    ASELSAN
    .
    Mil Mi-17  Russia Transport/Utility helicopter Mi-17 IVA 18[70] Avionics upgraded by
    ASELSAN. Upgraded with night vision system.[88]
    Gyrocopter
    Autogyro Cavalon  Germany Reconnaissance/Surveillance 3[89] 6 more planned.[90]
    Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
    TAI Anka  Turkey UCAV Anka S 8[91][92] Elazig Gendarmerie UAV command[93][94]
    Bayraktar TB2 TB2 18[95]
    STM KARGU[96] Loitering munition Kargu-2 N/A
    Baykar Bayraktar Mini
    		 Miniature UAV C
    UÇBEY[97] - VTOL UAV
    Black Hornet Nano[98]  Norway Micro-UAV PD-100 Black Hornet

    Additional info : Gendarmerie also acquired 130 basic and 5 professional Micro UAV systems. It is also planned acquisition of new liaison and utility aircraft.[99]

    Surface Combatant

    Boat
    Name Origin Quantity Type Details
    ASBOT KN-35  Turkey 10[100] Security Boat ASBOT KN-35 boats were designed and developed by ASFAT A.Ş. for the units belonging to the Gendarmerie General Command.[101]

    Retired

    [1]

    Vehicles : Otokar Akrep - 250+, BTR-60 - 180 , BTR-80 - 295 , Condor - 25

    [2][3]

    Aircraft : Cessna O-1E Bird Dog , Dornier Do-28D - 2

    Helicopters : Bell 212 - 1 , Bell 206 - 8

    Gallery

    • Gendarmerie's Ford Transit and a trooper
      Gendarmerie's Ford Transit and a trooper
    • Traffic gendarmerie's Renault Megane
      Traffic gendarmerie's
      Renault Megane
    • Gendarmerie interceptor
      Gendarmerie interceptor
    • Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908
      Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908
    • Gendarmerie museum
      Gendarmerie museum
    • BTR-80 in the gendarmerie inventory
      BTR-80 in the gendarmerie inventory
    • Gendarme School emblem
      Gendarme School emblem
    • Logo of Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO Vocational School
      Logo of Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO Vocational School
    • Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command teams during Soma mine disaster
      Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command teams during Soma mine disaster
    • Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO Vocational School
      Işıklar Gendarmerie NCO Vocational School
    • Gendarmerie and Coast Guard Academy
      Gendarmerie and Coast Guard Academy
    • Gendarmerie Martyrs' Memorial
      Gendarmerie Martyrs' Memorial
    • The Kızılırmak Delta is guarded by the mounted gendarme team
      The Kızılırmak Delta is guarded by the mounted gendarme team
    • Sikorsky S-70i helicopter of the Turkish Gendarmerie
      Sikorsky S-70i helicopter of the Turkish Gendarmerie

    See also

    Notes

    1. ^ Student officer insignia designates school grade rather than military seniority.

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    External links

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