Generations of Adam

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"Generations of Adam"[

Adam's line of descent going through Seth.[citation needed] Another view equates the generations of Adam with material about a second line of descent starting with Cain in Genesis 4, while Genesis 5 is taken as the "generations of Noah".[citation needed
]

Seth and Cain

The Sethite line begins with Adam. [1] The Sethite line in Genesis 5 extends to Noah and his three sons.[2] The Cainite line in Genesis 4 runs to Naamah.[citation needed] The seventh generation Lamech descended from Cain is described as the father of Jabal and Jubal (from his first wife Adah) and Tubal-cain and Naamah (from his second wife, Zillah).(Genesis 4:17–22; Genesis 5; Genesis 4:17–22; Genesis 5:1–32).

Sethite Cainite
Seth Cain
Enosh
 Enoch
Cainan
Mahalaleel
Jared
 Irad
Enoch
Mehujael
Methuselah
Methusael
Lamech Lamech
Noah Naamah

The Sethite line also gives ages at fatherhood and at death.[

longevity narratives.[citation needed] The Septuagint and Samaritan Pentateuch differ somewhat in the ages given; in the Septuagint, the age at fatherhood is often 100 years later than that in the Masoretic text, extending the genealogy by several centuries.[citation needed
]

The 2nd-century BC

Ethiopian Orthodox Church and the Beta Israel,[citation needed] gives the wives' names for the Sethite line:[citation needed
]

Husband Wife
Seth Azura
Enos Noam
Cainan Mualaleth
Mahalaleel Dinah
Jared Baraka
Enoch Edna
Methuselah Edna
Lamech Betenos
Noah Emzara

Comparisons

Form critics consider the two lines as corruptions of one tradition. Both the similarities and the differences between lines are significant and do not admit simple explanation. Still, there is a general consensus that the Cainite list was from the Jahwist source, while the Sethite was added in from the Priestly source.[3][4][5][6]

The Sethite genealogy may also be connected to the Sumerian King List.[3][4][5][7] Evidence for this include the solar symbolism of the seventh figure on each list (the Sumerian king Enmeduranna sharing his name with the city where worship of the sun god was focused, Enoch living 365 years).[3] Like Enoch, Enmeduranna's advisor Utuabzu ascended to heaven.[7] Fritz Hommel further argued that Amelon was Enosh (both third in the list with names meaning "mankind"), that Ammenon was Cainan/Cain (both fourth and connected to craftsmanship), and so on; noting that the tenth in each line was a hero who survived a world flood. Still, this position is argued against due to linguistic incompatibilities in half the names.[4] Similarities between Irad and Eridu have also been pointed out.[8] Thomas Kelly Cheyne argued that the two genealogies may also be connected to a North Arabian genealogy, one reproducing the other. Cheyne claimed that Mahalalel was a corruption of Jerahmeel, and Methuselah was a corruption of Ishmael.[5] Cheyne's theories are now rejected, however.[9]

The following table displays the most common line of comparison between the Sethite and Cainite lines (which reverses much of the Cainite list),[3][5][6][10] as well as North Arabian genealogy (per Cheyne),[5] and the Sumerian king list.[7]

Sethite line[citation needed] Cainite line[citation needed] North Arabian (Chayne)[5] Sumerian kings[7]
1. Adam 1. Adam 1. Jerahmeel 1. Alulim of Eridu
2. Seth 8. [Seth] 2. Eshtaol 2. Alalgar of Eridu
3. Enosh 9. [Enoch] 3. Ishmael 3. Enmenluanna of Bad-tibira
4. Kenan 2. Cain 4. Kain 4. Enmengalanna of Bad-tibira
5. Mahalalel 5. Mehujael 5. Hanoch 5.
Dumuzid the Shepherd
of Bad-tibira
6. Jared 4. Irad 6.
Arvad
 6. Ensipazianna of Larak
7. Enoch 3. Enoch 7. Jerahmeel 7. Enmeduranna of Sippar
8. Methuselah 6. Methusael 8. Ishmael 8. Urbatutu of Shuruppak
9. Lamech 7. Lamech 9. Jerahmeel 9. [Illegible]
10. Noah 10. Naamah 10. Nahman 10. Ziusudra


Additional chronology

Post-biblical Jewish chronicles, surviving primarily in Syriac and Geez, elaborate on the genealogies in Genesis.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ Genesis 5:3
  2. ^ Genesis 5
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8146-2210-0
    .
  4. ^ a b c Herzog, Johann Jakob; Schaff, Philip, eds. (1911). The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Vol. 10. Funk and Wagnalls Company. p. 375-377.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Cheyne, Thomas Kelly (1903). "Sethites". In Cheyne, Thomas Kelly; Black, John Sutherland (eds.). Encyclopædia Biblica: A Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political and Religious History, the Archeology, Geography, and Natural History of the Bible. Encyclopædia Biblica: A Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political and Religious History, the Archeology, Geography, and Natural History of the Bible. Vol. 4. A & C Black. pp. 4411–4414.
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-1-57910-274-6
    .
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-1-62564-007-9
    .
  8. ISBN 978-90-04-17381-1
    . Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  9. ^ Public Domain Hirsch, Emil G.; Barton, George A. (1904). "Jerahmeel". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 95f.
  10. ISBN 978-0-9667840-1-5
    .
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