Geography of Brunei
Bukit Pagon 1,850 metres (6,070 ft) | |
Lowest point | South China Sea 0 metres (0 ft) |
---|---|
Longest river | Belait River 32 km (20 mi) |
Largest lake | Tasek Merimbun 7,800 ha (19,000 acres) |
Exclusive economic zone | 10,090 km2 (3,900 sq mi) |
Brunei is a country in Southeast Asia, bordering the South China Sea and East Malaysia. Its geographical coordinates are 4°30′N 114°40′E / 4.500°N 114.667°E. The country is small with a total size of 5,765 km2 (2,226 sq mi).[1] It is larger in size than Trinidad and Tobago. It is close to vital sea lanes through the South China Sea linking the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The country has two parts physically separated by Malaysia, making it almost an enclave within Malaysia.[2]
Brunei shares a 266 km (165 mi)
Climate
A
It's vital that the ITCZ's position typically oscillates based on the sun's zenithal position and is not always fixed. The magnitude of the latitudinal oscillation is reduced to roughly half that of the sun because of the movement's two-month delay. There are two distinct seasons in the nation that are separated by two transitional phases as a result of the ITCZ's shifting location throughout the year and the associated
The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone, which is positioned east of the Philippines around latitude 150N between June and September, transforms into a monsoon trough to the west. The Southwest Monsoon is created by southeast trade winds that originate in the southern hemisphere and recurve on the equator. The northeast monsoon dominates from December to March whereas the southwest monsoon blows from May to September. Transitional months are recognized as April, October, and November.[6]
The
- Brunei-Muara District and Bandar Seri Begawan are humid tropical on the coast and lower elevation north and Humid subtropical in central Brunei-Muara District. (20 to 36 °C or 68 to 97 °F)
- Tutong District is tropical, hot in the north and warm in the south. (22 to 32 °C or 71.6 to 89.6 °F)
- Belait District is tropical, hot in the north and slightly warm in the south. (25 to 37 °C or 77.0 to 98.6 °F)
- humid subtropicalin the higher elevation south and humid tropical on the coast and lower elevation north. (18 to 29 °C or 64 to 84 °F)
Climate data for Bandar Seri Begawan ( Brunei Airport )
| |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 34.1 (93.4) |
35.3 (95.5) |
38.3 (100.9) |
37.6 (99.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.2 (97.2) |
36.2 (97.2) |
37.6 (99.7) |
36.0 (96.8) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.9 (94.8) |
36.2 (97.2) |
38.3 (100.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.4 (86.7) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.6 (90.7) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.3 (90.1) |
32.4 (90.3) |
32.0 (89.6) |
31.6 (88.9) |
31.4 (88.5) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.8 (89.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.3 (73.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.3 (73.9) |
Record low °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.5 (68.9) |
20.3 (68.5) |
19.2 (66.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
18.8 (65.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
18.4 (65.1) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 292.6 (11.52) |
158.9 (6.26) |
118.7 (4.67) |
189.4 (7.46) |
234.9 (9.25) |
210.1 (8.27) |
225.9 (8.89) |
226.6 (8.92) |
264.4 (10.41) |
312.3 (12.30) |
339.9 (13.38) |
339.6 (13.37) |
2,913.3 (114.70) |
Average rainy days | 16 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 21 | 23 | 21 | 205 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
86 | 85 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 84 | 84 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 85 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 196 | 191 | 225 | 239 | 236 | 210 | 222 | 218 | 199 | 206 | 205 | 211 | 2,558 |
Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation,[9] Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes, 1971–2012 and humidity, 1972–1990)[10]
| |||||||||||||
Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[11] |
Natural disasters
Since the nation lies outside of the typhoon belt and mostly untouched by earthquakes, it is less likely to experience major disasters, making it a relatively safe area to live and work. Foreigners from temperate climes who want to avoid harsh winters are drawn to the country by its milder temperature. Additionally, the weather is suitable for outdoor activities and water sports.[6]
Statistics
As of 2009, the statistics of Brunei is as follows:[12]
Area:
Maritime claims:
territorial sea:
12 nmi (13.8 mi; 22.2 km)[14]
exclusive economic zone:
10,090 km2 (3,900 sq mi) and 200 nmi (230.2 mi; 370.4 km) or to median line[15]
Elevation extremes:
lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m[8]
highest point:
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, timber[16]
Land use:
arable land:
0.76%
permanent crops:
1.14%
other:
98.10% (2012)
Irrigated land: 10 km2 (3.9 sq mi) (2003)
Total renewable water resources: 8.5 km3 (2.0 cu mi)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)
total:
0.09 km3/yr (97%/0%/3%)
per capital:
301.6 m3/yr (2009)
Environment – current issues: seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia
Environment – international agreements:
party to:
References
- ISBN 978-0-8014-6489-8.
- ISBN 978-0-16-091142-2.
- ISBN 978-0-16-093327-1.
- ISBN 978-99917-32-05-3.
- ISBN 978-1-4665-7885-2.
- ^ a b c d "The Climate of Brunei". WorldAtlas. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-319-91382-7.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-16-087359-1.
- ^ "World Weather Information Service – Bandar Seri Begawan". World Meteorological Organisation. Retrieved 14 May 2010.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Bandar Seri Begawan (Int. Flugh.) / Brunei" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
- ^ "Brunei Darussalam Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
- ISBN 978-1-60239-727-9.
- ^ a b c Nguyen, Nam H. (6 February 2018). History of each Country around the World in English. Nam H Nguyen.
- ISBN 978-0-19-582645-6.
- ISBN 978-1-62273-645-4.
- ISBN 978-1-387-46293-3.
This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook.