George Clifford III
George Clifford III (7 January 1685, Amsterdam – 10 April 1760, Heemstede) was a wealthy Dutch banker and one of the directors of the Dutch East India Company. He is known for his keen interest in plants and gardens.
His summer estate
His grandfather,
The garden at Hartekamp was already quite famous before George Clifford bought the estate in 1709 from Johan Hinlopen. Under his ownership, the number of unusual plants grew exponentially. He had 4 hothouses built to house the many tropical plants that he collected through his business connections from all over the world. He was an important friend and seed supplier for botanist Herman Boerhaave, whose summer home (and garden) at Oud Poelgeest was just a short trip away by trekschuit along the Haarlem-Leiden canal known as the Leidsevaart.
In 1736 Clifford became famous for growing the first indoor
Clifford died in 1760 and left the business to his sons George IV (1708-1757), Jan (1710-1772), Henry (1711-1787) and the estate to Pieter (1712-1788). The banking house of Clifford under George Clifford Jr. fell in 1772 and the estate Hartekamp went out of the family in 1788. Since then the garden has declined and is currently used as a school campus.
Herbarium
Clifford's herbarium was acquired by
Many of the specimens in the collection are mounted on the paper contemporary with their preservation, but some have been remounted on a type of paper used by the British Museum.[2] They are labelled in various hands, including Clifford's own.[2] Many are mounted using a label made to look like an urn; a method typical of and exclusive to Dutch herbaria of the period.[2][3] Various styles of urn were used.[2]
See also
- Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné)
- Johannes Burman
- Herman Boerhaave
- Hartekamp
- Musa Cliffortiana [de]
- Hortus Cliffortianus
- Dutch East India Company
References and external links
- doi:10.5519/0022031. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
- ^ Wikidata Q57253910.
- ^ "Ornaments". George Clifford Herbarium. Retrieved 22 February 2021.