Geotextile
Geotextiles are versatile permeable
Geotextile composites have been introduced and products such as
History
Geotextiles were originally intended to be a substitute for granular soil filters. Geotextiles can also be referred to as filter fabrics. In the 1950s, R.J. Barrett began working using geotextiles behind precast concrete seawalls, under precast concrete erosion control blocks, beneath large stone riprap, and in other erosion control situations.[2] He used different styles of woven monofilament fabrics, all characterized by a relatively high percentage open area (varying from 6 to 30%). He discussed the need for both adequate permeability and soil retention, along with adequate fabric strength and proper elongation and tone setting for geotextile use in filtration situations.
Applications
Geotextiles and related products have many applications and currently support many
Erosion control manuals comment on the effectiveness of sloped, stepped shapes in mitigating shoreline erosion damage from storms. Geotextile sand-filled units provide a "soft" armoring solution for upland property protection. Geotextiles are used as matting to stabilize flow in stream channels and swales.[3][4]
Geotextiles can improve soil strength at a lower cost than conventional soil nailing.[5] In addition, geotextiles allow planting on steep slopes, further securing the slope.
Geotextiles have been used to protect the fossil
In building demolition, geotextile fabrics in combination with steel wire fencing can contain explosive debris.[7]
Coir (coconut fiber) geotextiles are popular for erosion control, slope stabilization and bioengineering, due to the fabric's substantial mechanical strength.[3]: App. I.E Coir geotextiles last approximately 3 to 5 years depending on the fabric weight. The product degrades into humus, enriching the soil.[8]
Global warming
Glacial retreat
Geotextiles with reflective
Design methods
While many possible design methods or combinations of methods are available to the geotextile designer, the ultimate decision for a particular application usually takes one of three directions: design by cost and availability, design by specification, or design by function. Extensive literature on design methods for geotextiles has been published in the
Requirements
Geotextiles are needed for specific requirements, just as anything else in the world. Some of these requirements consist of polymers composed of a minimum of 85% by weight poly-propylene, polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, and polyethylene. [10]
See also
References
- ^ PMID 27877792.
- ^ Barrett, R. J., "Use of Plastic Filters in Coastal Structures," Proceedings from the 16th International Conference Coastal Engineers, Tokyo, September 1966, pp. 1048–1067
- ^ a b Dane County Department of Land and Water Resources (2007). Dane County Erosion Control and Stormwater Management Manual (PDF) (Report). Madison, WI. Retrieved 2010-02-09.
- ^ Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (2003). Massachusetts Erosion and Sediment Control Guidelines for Urban and Suburban Areas (PDF) (Report). Boston, MA. pp. 73–74.
- ISBN 9780419156307.
- ISBN 978-0-500-28441-4. [page needed]
- NOVA Online. Public Broadcasting Service. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
Other preparatory operations involve covering/wrapping the columns first with chain link fences and then with geotextile fabric, which is very puncture resistant and has a very high tensile strength. It allows the concrete to move, but it keeps the concrete from flying. The chain link catches the bigger material and the fabric catches the smaller material from flying up and out.
- ^ Richards, Davi (2006-06-02). "Coir is sustainable alternative to peat moss in the garden". Garden Hints. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Extension Service. Retrieved 2013-03-06.
- ^ "Italian glaciers tell the tale of climate change; lost 1/3rd of its volume | Breaking News, Latest News, World, South Asia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh News & Analysis". WION. Retrieved 2021-07-12.
- ^ Material Specification 592—Geotextile (PDF) (Report). Vol. 642. January 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-10-18.
Further reading
- John, N. W. M. (1987). Geotextiles. Glasgow: Blackie Publishing Ltd.
- Koerner, R. M. (2012). Designing with Geosynthetics, 6th Edition. Xlibris Publishing Co.[self-published source]
- Koerner, R. M., ed. (2016). Geotextiles: From Design to Applications. Amsterdam: Woodhead Publishing Co.
External links
- Media related to Geosynthetics at Wikimedia Commons