German Emergency Acts
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The German Emergency Acts (Notstandsgesetze) were passed on 30 May 1968 at the time of the First Grand Coalition between the Social Democratic Party of Germany and the Christian Democratic Union of Germany.[1] It was the 17th constitutional amendment to the Basic Law, adding emergency clauses to ensure the federal government's ability to act in crises such as natural disasters, uprisings or war.[2]
The inclusion of emergency laws in the German Basic Law was one condition imposed by the
On 27 May 1968 the
The passing of the Emergency Acts was preceded by fierce domestic
Contents
The Emergency Acts regulate the state of emergency, the state of defence, the state of tension and disaster events. A state of emergency can come into effect when an external threat impedes a normal democratic decision-making process. The Joint Committee then assumes essential parliamentary functions.[6]
The emergency clauses include regulations in the Basic Law regarding:
- Article 10 (Restriction of the fundamental rights of the secrecy of letters, post and telecommunications)
- Article 11 (Restriction of the fundamental right to freedom of movement)
- Article 12a (Conscription, alternative service, compulsory service for defense purposes, including the protection of the civilian population in a state of defence)
- Article 20 paragraph 4 (Right of resistance)
- Article 53a (Emergency legislation by the Joint Committee)
- Article 115 (State of defence)
- Article 81 (Legislative emergency)
See also
- German student movement
- History of Germany
- Politics of Germany
References
- ^ Deutscher Bundestag. 5. election period. 178. meeting. Bonn, Thursday May 30, 1968 (http://dipbt.bundestag.de/doc/btp/05/05178.pdf), p. 9652 f.
- ^ Deutschland, Stiftung Deutsches Historisches Museum, Stiftung Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik. "Gerade auf LeMO gesehen: LeMO Kapitel: Notstandsgesetze". www.hdg.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-10-13.
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Bundesgesetzblatt" (PDF). www.bgbl.de. Retrieved 2022-10-13.
- ^ "Bundesgesetzblatt" (PDF). www.bgbl.de. Retrieved 2022-10-13.
- ^ Schmid, Sandra. "Deutscher Bundestag - Historische Debatten (5): Notstandsgesetze". Deutscher Bundestag (in German). Retrieved 2022-10-13.
- ^ "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany". www.gesetze-im-internet.de. Retrieved 2022-10-13.