Museum of Ho Chi Minh City
This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (January 2012) |
Bảo tàng Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh | |
Former names | Palais du Gouverneur de la Cochinchine, Palais du Lieutenant-Gouverneur, Gia Long Palace |
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Established | 12 August 1978 |
Location | Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam |
Coordinates | 10°46′34.0″N 106°41′59.0″E / 10.776111°N 106.699722°E |
Type | Local museum |
Architect | Marie-Alfred Foulhoux |
Website | hcmc-museum |
Museum of Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnamese: Bảo tàng Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh), formerly known as Gia Long Palace (Vietnamese: Dinh Gia Long), is a historical site and museum in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.[1][2] The museum is situated at the corner of Lý Tự Trọng and Nam Kỳ Khởi Nghĩa streets, located on a 2-hectare block near the Independence Palace.
History
Under French Indochina
Construction of the palace began in 1885 and completed in 1890, and was designed by French architect Alfred Foulhoux to house the Museum of Commercial Trade, exhibiting products and goods of Southern Vietnam. However, the building soon became the residence of the Governor of Cochinchina, starting with Henri Éloi Danel (1850 - 1898).
World War II era
In 1945, control of the palace changed hands several times. After the
On August 14, the Japanese handed over the palace to its puppet Empire of Vietnam government, to be used as the residence of Lieutenant General Nguyễn Văn Sâm.
On August 25, the
On September 10, Lt. Col. B. W. Roe (from the British military mission) occupied the palace and made it the Allied Mission headquarters, evicting the "People's Committee".
On October 5, the building was used by General
Under the State of Vietnam
After the French reconquest of Indochina, on June 2, 1948 the French government handed over the building to the Provisional Government of the State of Vietnam, establishing its headquarters there. It was later transformed into the Palace of the Premier, serving as official residence of the Premier of the State of Vietnam, starting with Premier Trần Văn Hữu.
On January 9, 1950, a large protest of over 6000 students and educational instructors demanded the release of students arrested for advocating Vietnamese independence. At 13:00, Premier Trần Văn Hữu ordered the police to quash the protest, arresting 150 people, injuring 30, and 1 student, Trần Văn Ơn from
Under the Republic of Vietnam
From June 26 to September 7, 1954, this palace was used as the temporary official residence of the Prime Minister (
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Vietnam (Tối cao Pháp viện Việt Nam Cộng hòa) was housed in the Palace, from October 31, 1966 to April 30, 1975, the Fall of Saigon.
Under Socialist Republic of Vietnam
After the North Vietnamese communist invasion of South Vietnam, on 12 August 1978 the
Architecture
The 2-floored palace building covers an area over 1700 m², using classical Baroque architecture with European and Oriental influences. The flooring, staircases and halls were European-styled, while the roof was Oriental-inspired. Surrounding the palace is a trapezoid-shaped flower garden, with 4 pathways.
The front face of the roof is decorated with grotesques. Other exterior structural designs include symbolic chickens representing daytime and owls for nighttime and ring-enclosed white flowers. Many other motifs embossed on the roof is a combination of Greek mythological symbols, iconic plants and tropical animals such as lizards and birds flying or expanding its wings.
Diệm commissioned the construction of three extremely deep tunnels leading from the palace to other parts of the city so that he and important government officials/military figures could escape in the event of a coup. During the
See also
- Tonkin Palace
References
- ^ "HCMC Museum". Lonely Planet.
- ISBN 978-1-78308-333-6.