Ginglymodi

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Ginglymodi
Temporal range: Middle Triassic (Anisian)–present Possible Permian records
Spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)
Macrosemimimus fegerti (Semionotiformes) from the Upper Jurassic of Germany
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Infraclass: Holostei
Clade: Ginglymodi
Cope, 1871
Subgroups

Ginglymodi is a

eyespot bowfin and their fossil relatives.[1][2]

Fossil record

The

era, but they represent a depauperate lineage today. The group first evolved in marine environments, but several lineages made separate transitions into freshwater environments.[4] The basal ginglymodian order Kyphosichthyiformes is known from a few genera from the Triassic of China, many of which have deep bodies.[5]

Ginglymodi underwent substantial diversification during the Late Triassic and the Late Jurassic, with the Lepisosteiformes and Semionotiformes having likely diverged during the

freshwater systems of North America.[8]

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic relationships
of Ginglymodi to other living neopterygian fish.

Neopterygii

Teleostei

Holostei

eyespot bowfin and their fossil relatives)

Ginglymodi (gars and their fossil relatives)

Phylogenetic relationships among different groups of ginglymodians (cladogram after Xu & Ma 2023):[9]

Ginglymodi

Diandongichthys

Ticinolepis

Kyphosichthyiformes

Fuyuanichthys

Kyphosichthys

Yudaiichthys

Lashanichthys

Sangiorgioichthys

Semionotiformes

Lepisosteiformes

References