Glenn L. Martin
Glenn L. Martin | |
---|---|
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. | |
Occupation(s) | Pilot, aircraft engineer and entrepreneur |
Known for | Aviation pioneer |
Awards | Collier Trophy (1932) Daniel Guggenheim Medal (1940) National Aviation Hall of Fame (1966) |
Glenn Luther Martin (January 17, 1886 – December 5, 1955) was an early American aviation pioneer. He designed and built his own aircraft and was an active pilot, as well as an aviation record-holder. He founded an aircraft company in 1912 which through several mergers amalgamated into what is today known as Lockheed Martin.[1]
Early years
Glenn L. Martin was born in Macksburg, Iowa, on January 17, 1886, to Minta and Clarence Martin. At the age of two, Martin's family moved to Salina, Kansas, so that his father could run a wheat farm. By age six, he became interested in kites, but at first his friends made fun of box-kites he built. When the kites flew well, people paid him twenty-five cents to build one for them. He turned his mother's kitchen into a "factory" to produce more kites. Martin also began using sails on everything from ice skates to wagons, and even his bicycle to move faster with less effort. [2]
He attended and studied business at Kansas Wesleyan in Salina, Kansas. In 1933, he received an honorary Bachelor of Science degree from Kansas Wesleyan University.[3]
Aviation career begins
As he grew up, he became fascinated with flight, first with kites, then later the Wright brothers' airplane. In 1909 he decided to build one himself based on the Curtiss June Bug,[4] but it was destroyed on the first test flight. For his next effort, Martin used silk and bamboo in the aircraft's construction. This airplane made a short flight. Martin was often assisted by his mother Minta Martin holding a lamp in the building of his first few airplanes.
Over water record
On May 10, 1912, Martin flew a self-built seaplane from
Hollywood
In 1912, Martin built an airplane factory in an old Methodist church in
Achievements
Martin held a record for longest American over-water flight, 66 miles. His company designed aircraft for the military, including bombers for both world wars. An early success came during
In 1932, Martin won the Collier Trophy for his involvement with the Martin B-10 bomber.
Companies
He founded the Glenn L. Martin Company in 1912. In 1916 he merged his company with the original Wright Company, forming the Wright-Martin Aircraft Company. He soon left and founded a second Glenn L. Martin Company in 1917. That company merged with the American-Marietta Corporation in 1961, becoming the Martin Marietta Corporation. This company merged with the Lockheed Corporation in 1995, forming Lockheed Martin, a major U.S. aerospace and defense contractor. In the 1940s, towards the end of Martin's life, he and his beloved and now aged mother Minta were photographed touring the Martin facilities in Baltimore and celebrating Martin's success as one of the captains in the aviation industry.
The Glenn L. Martin Company moves to Maryland
In 1925, the Industrial Bureau contacted Glenn Martin at his plant in Cleveland, Ohio. It was the Bureau's job to attract Martin to Maryland. After speaking with Martin, a site in Middle River was chosen. From this point it was a three-year-long struggle to acquire the land needed from forty-five property owners. This struggle involved convincing the citizens that this was going to become a booming industry and would provide many jobs in the area. In 1928, the Glenn L. Martin Company moved to Maryland, bringing hundreds of much needed jobs, an airport, and a booming aviation industry.[9] In 1931 he joined the Maryland Club.
Death
He died from complications of a stroke on December 5, 1955, in
Legacy
Martin's donations to the University of Maryland, College Park, created the Glenn L. Martin Institute of Technology, which includes the A. James Clark School of Engineering. The university's wind tunnel and a classroom building (the home of the Department of Aerospace Engineering and other units) also bear Martin's name.
The Glenn L. Martin Stadium on the campus of Kansas Wesleyan University opened in 1940; it was demolished in 2014. [10]PA
In 1945, Glenn L. Martin founded the AAABA National Baseball Tournament in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. The tournament continues to be played each August at the Point Stadium.[11]
In 1951, Glenn L. Martin Elementary School opened in Santa Ana, California.[12]
In 1966, Martin was inducted in the National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio.[13]
In 1977, Martin was inducted into the International Air & Space Hall of Fame.[14]
Commemorations
USPS Building Bridges Special Postal Cancellation Series commemorated the 110th Anniversary of Glenn L. Martin's first flight with a series of 5 postal cancellations in 3 cities with world premieres of trumpet solo and clarinet/vocal/guitar arrangements of "Break Free on Wings of Music" by Kendall Ross Bean, and the retracing of Glenn Martin's flight path on May 10, 1912.[15]
References
- Notes
- ^ a b "Glenn L. Martin Dies of Stroke. Pioneer Pilot and Designer, 69. Early Barnstormer Built First Plane in 1909 of Bamboo. Aided Navy and Air Force Glenn L. Martin, Aviation Pioneer, Dies". The New York Times. December 5, 1955. Retrieved October 20, 2012.
Glenn L. Martin, aviation pioneer whose career ranged from production of 25-cent box kites to work on man-made earth satellites, died here tonight at the age of 69.
- ^ Glenn Martin Industrialist, National Aviation Hall of Fame. Archived June 18, 2007, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved June 10, 2009
- ^ The Salina Journal, Glenn L. Martin Honored in 1933 Archived September 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, February 21, 1933.
- ^ Yenne. The pictorial History of American Aircraft.
- ^ The San Francisco Call (May 11, 1912). "Old Ocean Defied by Daring Aviator". Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ "Flying Boats have hard time". Ludington Daily News. June 26, 1913.
- Baltimore Sun. April 13, 1947.
- ^ Mary Pickford Rediscovered by Kevin Brownlow and Robert Cushman c.1999
- ^ "People In The News". Baltimore (May 1937).
- ^ Todd Pittenger, Glenn Martin Stadium Comes Down, March 5, 2014.
- ^ |url=https://aaabajohnstown.org/about/}}
- ^ Perera, Andrea (August 5, 2001). "Prized Santa Ana School Still Learning at Age 50". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
- ^ "Enshrinee Glenn Martin". nationalaviation.org. National Aviation Hall of Fame. Retrieved February 13, 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-57864-397-4.
- ^ "Flyover marks 110th Anniversary of First Flight To Avalon". Catalina Islander Newsper. Integrity Newspapers, Inc. May 13, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- Bibliography
- "Glenn Martin flies to Avalon to celebrate a 25-year-old record". Life. May 10, 1937.
- "From Barnstorming to Bombers". Popular Science. September 1941.
- Patents
- U.S. patent D134875, Design for a lapel pin or the like
- U.S. patent 1,165,891, Packed parachute
- U.S. patent 2,411,382, Docking flying boats
- U.S. patent 2,147,795, Aircraft construction
External links
- Martin's biography at the Glenn L. Martin Maryland Aviation Museum
- "Kites to Bombers". Time. May 29, 1939.
- Glenn L. Martin at Find a Grave