Go Nagai

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Go Nagai
永井豪
Manga artist
Known for
Relatives
Japan Movie Critics Awards: Diamond Grand Prize
47th Japan Cartoonists Association Award
Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Award: All of his works
Japanese name
Kanji永井 豪
Hiraganaながい ごう
Katakanaナガイ ゴウ
WebsiteDynamic Pro Official Site
Go Nagai official site
Go Nagai in his studio, Tokyo, 1987; photo by Sally Larsen

Kiyoshi Nagai (永井潔, Nagai Kiyoshi, born September 6, 1945), better known by the pen name Go Nagai (永井 豪, Nagai Gō), is a Japanese

post-apocalyptic manga/anime genre with Violence Jack,[3] and the ecchi genre with Harenchi Gakuen. In 2005, he became a Character Design professor at the Osaka University of Arts. He has been a member of the Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize
's nominating committee since 2009.

Life

Early life

Go Nagai was born on September 6, 1945[4]—in the Ishikawa Prefecture city of Wajima.[5] He is the son of Yoshio and Fujiko Nagai (永井芳雄・冨士子),[6] and the fourth of five brothers.[7] His family had just returned from Shanghai. While he was still in his early childhood, he along with his mother and his four brothers moved to Tokyo after the death of his father.[5] As a child, he was influenced by the work of Gustave Doré (specifically, a Japanese edition of the Divine Comedy) and Osamu Tezuka (Nagai's brother Yasutaka gave him a copy of Lost World).[8][9][10]

He graduated from the Metropolitan

Itabashi High School of Tokyo.[7] While passing his ronin year in a prep school in order to earn placement at Waseda University, he suffered a severe case of diarrhea for three weeks. Aware of his own mortality, he wanted to leave some evidence that he had lived, by doing something that he liked as a child: working on manga. He was determined to create one work of manga in what he thought were his last months.[11] As Nagai prepared for the task, he went to the hospital, where he was diagnosed with catarrh of the colon, and soon healed. But this was the turning point in his life.[11] Convinced that he would continue working on manga, he stopped attending school after three months and started living as a ronin.[11]

With the help of his brother Yasutaka, he created his first manga works.[8][12] Despite the fact that his mother opposed his manga aspirations, he submitted his works for publication, accumulating many rejections.[11] It is said that when the young Nagai submitted his tables to publishers, his mother secretly convinced publishers to reject them.[5][13][14] However, his work was noticed by Weekly Shōnen Sunday, which contacted Shotaro Ishinomori.[12] Thanks to some trial manga he created with the help of Yasutaka, Nagai was finally accepted into the studio of Ishinomori in 1965.[8]

The trial manga was about a science fiction ninja,[10] and was a prototype for a different story, Kuro no Shishi. Nagai was 19 years old when he made this work; it started at 15 or 16 pages and ended up being 88 pages long after a year, and was untitled at that time.[10] Ishinomori saw this work and praised Nagai for it, but commented that the design was too chunky and he should improve it a little. Two or three days later, Nagai was invited to become an assistant to Ishinomori and this work was forgotten until 2007, when it was published in the magazine Comic Ran Twins Sengoku Busho Retsuden (コミック乱 TWINS 戦国武将列伝) by LEED under the name Satsujinsha (殺刃者(さつじんしゃ)).[15] His professional career began in 1967, despite the opposition of his mother.[13]

First works

After working as assistant of Shotaro Ishinomori, his very first professional manga work was Meakashi Polikichi (目明しポリ吉 also 目明かしポリ吉),[6][5] a very short gag comedy one-shot, published in November 1967 in the magazine Bokura by Kodansha.[16] Almost at the same time, this was followed by the manga adaptation of Tomio Sagisu's TV anime Chibikko Kaiju Yadamon (ちびっこ怪獣ヤダモン, "Little Monster Yadamon"), also published in 1967 in the same magazine.[17] A common misconception is that Kuro no Shishi ("Black Lion") was his first manga work; while not entirely false, what Nagai really made two years earlier than Meakashi Polikichi, was only a draft for what would later be Kuro no Shishi, which would not be actually published until 1978.

His first works consisted entirely of short gag comedy manga. This would change with Harenchi Gakuen.

First success and controversies

In less than a year after debuting, he met with a big success. After being an unknown manga artist, he became a protagonist of televised debates and journalistic investigations.[18]

In 1968, while

Shōnen Sunday from Shogakukan), Nagai was invited to be one of the first manga artists publishing in the new magazine. He contemplated this, since he had to design a long-running series instead of the auto-conclusive short stories that he had been developing until that point.[5] He accepted and the series became a big success, being the first for Nagai[19] and making Shōnen Jump sell more than one million copies.[5] With Harenchi Gakuen, Nagai was the first to introduce eroticism in modern manga and became the creator of modern erotic manga,[1][19][20][21][22] opened the door to a new era in manga[21] and also became the symbol of an entire generation.[5] This work has influenced Japanese society radically, completely changing the common perceptions of manga.[23]

Until Harenchi Gakuen, Japanese manga had been relatively tame affairs, but things soon changed.[20] The manga became so popular that several live-action films and TV series based on the manga were developed. Harenchi Gakuen is considered as probably the work that has had the most influence in the world of manga at the end of the 1960s, leading the newly born Shōnen Jump magazine to sell millions of copies per week.[24]

A scandalous manga in its time, it is a very innocent series by today's standards.

PTAs protested.[25]

In particular, the PTA protests over Harenchi Gakuen were notorious. Nagai was bombarded with interview requests from newspapers, magazines and TV. Whenever he flew outside of Tokyo, TV cameras were waiting for him. He was branded a "nuisance" and even an "enemy of society". He, however, had a clear sense of what things he could or could not do with the manga.[26]

At first, Nagai did not think that the opposition was against him, since he was aware of the standards that applied with movies and similar things for an audience below 18 years old. At that time, he never drew sex scenes, avoided pictures of genitals and made nudes cute rather than sexy,[20] though the manga regularly showed male genitals throughout its run, including a castration scene. His fans supported him throughout the PTA protests. They sent him letters where they expressed how they were aware that the adults cracking down on them were reading raunchier stuff than what Nagai was producing.[20]

The protests were not only against the manga, but also against the TV series. The PTA managed to prevent the distribution of the magazine in some parts of Japan.[18] As a result of the protests, when the series was about to be cancelled because of the PTA, Nagai changed the theme in Harenchi Gakuen into a more mature and serious matter, from nonsense gags with sexy touches, to a full-scale war where murder was depicted in the bloody way for which many know him. This led to the famous ending of Harenchi Gakuen, symbol of freedom and of rejection of the hypocrisy, where all students and teachers, while defending their freedom of expression, are killed by the PTA and other parental forces. This was the ironic answer that Nagai gave to the PTA. (In the end, this was not the actual ending of Harenchi Gakuen, as the title would subsequently return to publication for several years.)[18]

It was also around that time that he created Gakuen Taikutsu Otoko (ガクエン退屈男), also known as Guerrilla High, another school-themed manga, but this time war between youths and adults was the main theme. Shortly before that, in 1969, Abashiri Ikka (あばしり一家) was created. Both titles are a direct result of the PTA protests, both being a form of parody of what happened. Abashiri Ikka became a big success, and along with Harenchi Gakuen, the most popular series of Nagai's juvenile period.[27]

Dynamic Productions

Thanks to the success of Harenchi Gakuen, Dynamic Productions (ダイナミックプロダクション, also known as Dynamic Production or Dynamic Pro, ダイナミックプロ), was founded by Go Nagai with his brothers in April 1969.

kabushiki kaisha (stock company) in 1970.[6]

The same year of the foundation of Dynamic Pro,

Ken Ishikawa joined the company. He would become Nagai's second assistant after Mitsuru Hiruta, who had been working with Nagai since the beginnings of Harenchi Gakuen.[6]
He would become one of Nagai's regular partners and his best friend. Ken Ishikawa participated as assistant in Harenchi Gakuen, Abashiri Ikka and Gakuen Taikutsu Otoko, particularly in the last one. In parallel with those activities as assistant, he co-produces with Go Nagai what would be in fact his professional debut in manga, Gakuen Bangaichi (1969-09-08 ~ 1970-09-22), and also his second manga, Sasurai Gakuto (1970-01 ~ 1970-05). He temporarily quit Dynamic Productions in 1970. This prompted Nagai to end Gakuen Taikutsu Otoko and the story of this series would be left inconclusive.

Change in genres

Even with the changes in Harenchi Gakuen and other series, Nagai remained writing mostly gag comedies, varying only in the thematic. With the success of Harenchi Gakuen and Abashiri Ikka, most editors expected this kind of story from Nagai. This would start to change in 1970, with the one-shot Oni -2889 Nen no Hanran-, which tells a

Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu) and Kuzureru. A little before that, Nagai would be given the chance to write a full serial of an occult horror story called Demon Lord Dante, which would in turn mark the beginning of his most famous horror work, Devilman. Nagai stated in his autobiographical manga Gekiman! that his aspirations had always been to write more serious science fiction stories, and after the discontinuation of Demon Lord Dante saw Devilman as his chance to break out of the gag manga expectations publishers had of him.[29]

Style and works

In his series

OVA
version (Heisei Harenchi Gakuen, or "Modern-Day Shameless School") in the mid-1990s.

In 1970, Go Nagai started a company,

Abashiri Ikka
(あばしり一家, Abashiri Family).

After Harenchi Gakuen Nagai created the

Super Robot
" anime show, and has spawned numerous imitations.

Simultaneously to Mazinger, he created one of his most popular manga, Debiruman (デビルマン,

shōnen magazine with teenage readers. This allowed Nagai to include violence, nudity, and darker themes closer to the content of Demon Lord Dante.[31] Go Nagai considers the Devilman and Mazinger series to be his life's work due to their massive popularity all over the world. In 1972, Nagai managed the very difficult feat of both drawing and writing five weekly manga publications at the same time, an accomplishment only equalled by other manga artists Shinji Mizushima and George Akiyama.[32]

A month later after finishing Devilman, Nagai would create a sequel to it called Violence Jack (ヴァイオレンス ジャック), another long-running series that spanned multiple volumes and dealt with a giant brute of a man fighting for justice in a post-apocalyptic setting where Japan has been devastated by a massive earthquake and isolated from the rest of the world.

Years later Nagai revamped Devilman featuring versions of the protagonists as young adult women and altering the storyline, which eventually became another sequel story to the original. This series is called Devilman Lady (デビルマンレディー, Devil Lady in the US). It was first released as a manga and later animated with some changes.

One of Nagai's most popular works outside of his fanbase has been

Cutey Honey, considered to be one of the first "magical girl" comics and a major influence on future series in the genre (in particular Sailor Moon). Nagai had less success a few years later with Majokko Tickle, a more traditional magical-girl series for younger children, although the accompanying anime was popular on TV in some European
countries.

In 1980, he received the 4th

Nagai has worked with Shotaro Ishinomori and

Ken Ishikawa. He is currently being more prolific in manga production than ever. Much of Nagai's work has been adapted into anime and tokusatsu. Nagai has made cameo appearances in some live-action films, including The Toxic Avenger Part II, the Cutie Honey 2004 live action film, and in a special DVD-only episode of Cutie Honey: The Live
as Dr. Koshiro Kisaragi.

Assistants

Success abroad

In Italy, France, and the Middle East, Grendizer was very popular when it aired.[citation needed] In Spain, a Mazinger Z statue has been erected in Tarragona.[34]

Legacy

Nagai is credited with pioneering the

Mad Max (1979 debut) and the Japanese manga and anime series Fist of the North Star (Hokuto no Ken, 1983 debut).[35][36][3]

Anime director Hideaki Anno (Evangelion) cited Devilman and Mazinger as a source of inspiration for Evangelion during a conversation between him and Go Nagai published in Devilman Tabulae Anatomicae.[37]

In an interview in the booklet that comes in the premium

Dororon Enma-kun Meeramera, the animation director Takahiro Kimura claims to be a Go Nagai fan since he was a child and that Dororon Enma-kun was his favourite.[citation needed
]

Manga artist Kentaro Miura (Berserk) claims that he likes Go Nagai's dynamic style and that Nagai had a big influence on him, in an interview which was included as an extra in the fourth volume of the North American DVD release by Media Blasters in 2002.[38]

Movie director Yoshihiro Nishimura (Tokyo Gore Police) claimed that he's a fan of Go Nagai's works in an interview with Sancho Asia and said that he wants to re-adapt Devilman into a live action movie since he did not like the 2004 live action Devilman adaptation by Hiroyuki Nasu.[39] In another interview by Screen Anarchy, he also said that he wanted to adapt Violence Jack into live action.[40]

Scriptwriter Kazuki Nakashima is also familiar with his works. "In particular, I read everything by Go Nagai, from his debut works and then when I was in middle school his work Devilman really struck me. I felt like I was maturing along with the development of the writer himself."[41]

Japanese novelist, visual novel writer, and anime screenwriter Gen Urobuchi explained that Devilman made him realize that bittersweet endings are the best ones.[42]

According to an interview between an Italian gaming website, geekgamer.it and Shadow Hearts video game series creator Matsuzo Machida, the latter was inspired by the works of Go Nagai and Keisuke Fujikawa (Mazinger Z screenplay).[43]

Videogame designer, writer, and director Goichi Suda cites two works of Go Nagai, Violence Jack and Susano Oh as his favorite manga.[44]

Approximately seventy-five other series inspired by Devilman were also featured on a poster and website as part of the advertising for Devilman Crybaby. This list includes titles such as Parasyte, Tokyo Ghoul, and Attack on Titan alongside the afformentioned Neon Genesis Evangelion and Berserk.[45] This list does not include a number of other series whose creators have attributed the series as an inspiration or featured clear visual homages. (For example, Yu-Gi-Oh!'s creator Kazuki Takahashi has stated that Devilman was one of the characters he drew most as a child.[46]) The story has also inspired stories published after this site was created, such as Tatsuki Fujimoto's Chainsaw Man.[47]

Plans for a museum for Go Nagai were announced in 2005. Go Nagai Wonderland Museum opened in 2009 in

2024 Sea of Japan earthquake.[48]

References

  1. ^ a b c Lambiek Comiclopedia. "Comic Creator: Gô Nagai". Lambiek. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
  2. ^ Mark Gilson, "A Brief History of Japanese Robophilia", Leonardo 31 (5), pp. 367–369 [368].
  3. ^ a b c Gabrielli, Ettore (September 28, 2012). "40 anni di Devilman". Lo Spazio Bianco (in Italian). Retrieved May 24, 2020. Eppure senza le sue opere una grossa fetta dell'immaginario popolare non sarebbe la stessa, dai robottoni (che si apprestano a invadere anche i cinema grazie a Guillermo del Toro e al suo Pacific Rim) alle maghette (i Mahō shōjo) delle quali Cutie Honey è antesignana; senza dimenticare le influenze, o quanto meno l'anticipazione di certe tematiche, come l'ambientazione post-olocausto di Violence Jack (1973), che precede di diversi anni film come Mad Max (1979) o fumetti come Ken il Guerriero (1983).
  4. .
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "L'autore Go Nagai" (in Italian). D/visual. March 3, 2007. Archived from the original on April 20, 2008. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  6. ^ a b c d "GO HISTORY" (in Japanese). The World of Go Nagai. Retrieved May 15, 2008.
  7. ^ a b "Happywedding Go & Sumiko" (in Japanese). The World of Go Nagai. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  8. ^ a b c "Go Nagai - Il potere e la gloria" (in Italian). Il potere e la gloria. Archived from the original on June 6, 2008. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  9. Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. Archived from the original
    on June 10, 2008. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  10. ^ a b c "Manga Kakumei 40 Nen Nagai Go Tokushu". Gag, serious, SF, Fantasy Nadode Fan Miryo (in Japanese). Nikkan Sports News. Retrieved April 2, 2008.
  11. ^ a b c d "7 & Y - Nagai Go Debut 40 Shunen Kinen Kikaku Nagai Go Senshu" (in Japanese). Seven and Y Corp. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  12. ^ a b Scalambra, Giovanni (March 11, 2002). "Il grande Go Nagai" (in Italian). Divertimento.it - NEXTA Media Srl. Archived from the original on June 5, 2008. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  13. ^ a b Crispino, Susanna (May 26, 2007). "La Sirena a strisce. Il Comicon, festival internazionale del fumetto e dell'animazione" (in Italian). Whipart Onlus. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  14. ^ Di Pino, Angelo (May 22, 2007). "Go Nagai...intervista integrale" (in Italian). CartoonMag. Archived from the original on February 11, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
  15. ^ "Hikken - Mazinger Z, Devilman, Cutie Honey Nado Kyosho - Nagai Go, 40 nen Bun no Sakuhingunga Ichido Ni" (in Japanese). Trendy.net - Nikkei Business Publications. December 26, 2007. Retrieved April 2, 2008.
  16. ^ "Kodansha magazine" (in Japanese). The World of Go Nagai. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
  17. ^ "Yadamon" (in Japanese). The World of Go Nagai. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
  18. ^ a b c Colpi, Federico (1996). "SERIE TV - L'autore". Il mondo di Go Nagai (in Italian). Dynamic Italia Srl. Retrieved April 11, 2008.
  19. ^ a b "Harenchi Gakuen" (in Spanish). Mision Tokyo. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
  20. ^ a b c d Connel, Ryan (March 30, 2007). "40-year veteran of ecchi manga Go Nagai says brains more fun than boobs". Mainichi Newspapers Co. Archived from the original on April 17, 2008. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
  21. ^ a b "Tezuka Osamu @ World - Manga works". The Song for Apollo. Tezuka Productions. March 30, 2007. Archived from the original on March 23, 2008. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
  22. ^ "Harenchi Gakuen : Il manga". Gonagainet. August 24, 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
  23. ^ "Nagai Go (Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of Japan)". Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of Japan. Retrieved April 15, 2008.
  24. ^ a b "HARENCHI GAKUEN / SCUOLA SENZA PUDORE" (in Italian). d/visual. Archived from the original on June 6, 2008. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
  25. .
  26. ^ Alt, Matt (June 16, 2007). "Go Monkey - a short excerpt of the Monkey Punch interview by Go Nagai". Retrieved April 12, 2008.
  27. ^ "Abashiri ikka" (in Italian). d/visual. Archived from the original on May 17, 2008. Retrieved April 15, 2008.
  28. ^ "Dynamic Pro Company Overview" (in Japanese). Dynamic Production. 2007. Retrieved May 15, 2008.
  29. ^ Nagai, Go (September 20, 2010). "Chapter One: Extreme Mangaka Geki Nagai". Gekiman! (in Japanese). Nihon Bungeisha.
  30. ^ "Devilworld, The Online Source for Devilman Since 1999". June 20, 2006. Archived from the original on June 20, 2006. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  31. ^ Nagai, Go (September 20, 2010). "Chapter One: Extreme Mangaka Geki Nagai". Gekiman! (in Japanese). Nihon Bungeisha.
  32. ^ Mandana Tsushin Blog. "The Busiest Mangaka Ever: Go Nagai". ComiPress. Retrieved March 6, 2008.
  33. ^ Joel Hahn. "Kodansha Manga Awards". Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on August 16, 2007. Retrieved August 21, 2007.
  34. ^ Pérez, Beatriz (November 22, 2022). "Por qué hay una estatua de Mazinger Z en un pueblo de Tarragona". Viajes (in European Spanish). Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  35. ^ "Avis sur la série Violence Jack (1986)". SensCritique (in French). June 30, 2011. Retrieved May 22, 2020. Violence Jack a certainement du influencer beaucoup d'œuvres (le manga papier étant tout de même de 1973), comme Mad Max ou encore Hokuto no Ken. Les motards, la violence, les décors détruits, le désert, les innocents, les ignobles chefs de "tribus", les petits villages abandonnés... tous les codes y sont.
  36. ^ Romano, Sal (April 9, 2018). "Interview: Travis Strikes Again: No More Heroes' Suda 51 at PAX East 2018". Gematsu. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  37. .
  38. ^ "Berserk - Interview with Kentaro Miura: Part 3 (of 3)". October 7, 2008 – via YouTube.
  39. ^ "Yoshihiro Nishimura & Yumiko Hara - Cinéma Asiatique, Cinémas d'Asie et d'ailleurs : Sancho does Asia". www.sancho-asia.com.
  40. ^ "An Interview with TOKYO GORE POLICE Director Yoshihiro Nishimura". ScreenAnarchy. October 28, 2008.
  41. ^ "Artist Interview: Kazuki Nakashima (Gekidan Shinkansen) | Performing Arts Network Japan". performingarts.jp.
  42. ^ "[Report] Urobuchi Gen and Kosaka Takaki at the French con Epitanime 2013: 19th of May". May 31, 2013.
  43. ^ "Intervista a Matsuzo Machida e Miyako Kato: il duo creativo della serie Shadow Hearts". January 2, 2016.
  44. ^ Ming, Nate. "SUDA STRIKES AGAIN! An Interview with Suda51". Crunchyroll.
  45. ^ Inc, Aniplex. "DEVILMAN crybaby | 公式サイト". devilman-crybaby.com (in Japanese). Retrieved December 8, 2022. {{cite web}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  46. ^ Takahashi, Kazuki (September 29, 2015). Duel Art: Kazuki Takahashi Yu-Gi-Oh! Illustrations. Udon Entertainment.
  47. ^ Williams, Anna (August 10, 2022). "How A Classic '70s Anime Paved the Way For Chainsaw Man's Success". CBR.
  48. ^ Cayanan, Joanna (January 2, 2024). "Newspapers: Go Nagai Museum Burns Down After Earthquake". Anime News Network. Retrieved January 2, 2024.

External links