Golden Gate

Coordinates: 37°49′N 122°30′W / 37.81°N 122.50°W / 37.81; -122.50
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Golden Gate
Chrysopylae
Boca del Puerto de San Francisco
A map showing the location of the Golden Gate strait
Golden Gate is located in San Francisco Bay Area
Golden Gate
Golden Gate
Perspective view looking southwest over the Golden Gate Bridge toward the Pacific Ocean.
LocationBetween San Francisco Peninsula and Marin Headlands
Coordinates37°49′N 122°30′W / 37.81°N 122.50°W / 37.81; -122.50
Typestrait
Max. width3 miles (4.8 km)
Min. width1.1 miles (1.8 km)
Max. depth115 meters (377 ft)[1]
SettlementsSan Francisco, CA

The Golden Gate is a strait on the west coast of North America that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean.[2] It is defined by the headlands of the San Francisco Peninsula and the Marin Peninsula, and, since 1937, has been spanned by the Golden Gate Bridge. The entire shoreline and adjacent waters throughout the strait are managed by the Golden Gate National Recreation Area.[3]

Geology

During the

reefs and fog, the Golden Gate is the site of over 100 shipwrecks.[4]

Climate

Fog rolls into San Francisco Bay through the Golden Gate, almost obscuring Alcatraz Island
Fog obscures the Golden Gate as it spills into San Francisco Bay in this satellite image

The Golden Gate is often shrouded in

NOAA
weather station instead.

History

The Golden Gate photographed from Telegraph Hill by Carleton Watkins c. 1868

Before Europeans arrived in the 18th century, the area around the strait and the bay was inhabited by Native Americans – the Ohlone people to the south and Coast Miwok to the north. Descendants of both tribes remain in the area.[6][7]

The opening to the strait was surprisingly elusive for early European explorers, presumably due to persistent summer fog. The strait is not recorded in the voyages of

Manila-Acapulco run from the Philippines that laid up in nearby Drakes Bay to the north. These rarely passed east of the Farallon Islands (27 miles (43 km) west of the Golden Gate), for fear of the possibility of rocks between the islands and the mainland.[citation needed
]

The first recorded observation of the strait occurred nearly two hundred years later than the earliest European explorations of the coast. In 1769, Sgt

Angel Island, the cove now named in Ayala's honor. Until the 1840s, the strait was called the "Boca del Puerto de San Francisco" ("Mouth of the Port of San Francisco"). On July 1, 1846, before the discovery of gold in California, the entrance acquired a new name. In his memoirs, John C. Frémont wrote: "To this Gate I gave the name of 'Chrysopylae', or 'Golden Gate'; for the same reasons that the harbor of Byzantium was called Chrysoceras, or Golden Horn."[9] He went on to comment that the strait was "a golden gate to trade with the Orient".[10]

Gallery

  • The Golden Gate as seen from off "Land's End" in Lincoln Park on the Northwest tip of the San Francisco Peninsula c. 1895
    The Golden Gate as seen from off "Land's End" in Lincoln Park on the Northwest tip of the San Francisco Peninsula c. 1895
  • San Francisco Bay and Golden Gate
    San Francisco Bay and Golden Gate
  • Passing Through the Golden Gate, by William A. Coulter
    Passing Through the Golden Gate, by William A. Coulter
  • Postcard of the Golden Gate, c. 1898–1904
    Postcard of the Golden Gate, c. 1898–1904

1920s

The Golden Gate, featured on a postage stamp issued in 1923

The U.S. Post Office issued a

USS Babcock passing through an empty strait. The Babcock served in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1919, with San Francisco as its port of call.[11]

Golden Gate Bridge

The Golden Gate Bridge, as seen from the Marin Headlands looking south

In 1933 construction began on the

US Highway 101 and California Route 1
.

The Bridge was the

.

Navigation

The Golden Gate strait serves as the primary access channel for navigation to and from the San Francisco Bay, one of the largest cargo ports in the United States. Commercial ports includes the

Vessel Traffic Service to monitor and regulate vessel traffic through the Golden Gate.[13]

For navigational guidance, there are white and green lights on the center of the span of the Golden Gate Bridge.

Fort Point. Buoys and radar reflectors provide additional navigational aid at various locations throughout the strait.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Under the Golden Gate Bridge - Views of the Sea Floor Near the Entrance to San Francisco Bay, California". pubs.usgs.gov. Department of the Interior. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  2. ^ "GNIS Detail - San Francisco Bay". geonames.usgs.gov. U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  3. ^ "SAN FRANCISCO NORTH, CA". USGS US Topo 7.5 - Minute Map. 2015. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  4. NOAA
    . Retrieved August 23, 2023. The tidal and submerged lands within the two parks and marine sanctuary contain approximately 151 shipwrecks.
  5. ^ James William Steele (1888). Rand, McNally & Co.'s New Overland Guide to the Pacific Coast: California, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas. Rand, McNally. p. 175.
  6. ^ "The Ohlone are building a new homeland in the East Bay, 1 half-acre at a time". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  7. ^ "Another Perspective: Coast Miwok elder wants his Petaluma heritage to be respected". Argus-Courier. August 17, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  8. ^ Eldredge, Zoeth S. The beginnings of San Francisco. San Francisco: Zoeth S. Eldredge, 1912, 31–32.
  9. .
  10. ^ "What is a Name — The Golden Gate?". Golden Gate Bridge. Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  11. ^ Juell, Rod. "Arago: 20-cent Golden Gate". arago.si.edu. Smithsonian Postal Museum. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  12. ^ "Golden Gate Ship Traffic". Marine Exchange of the San Francisco Bay Region: 2. 2015.
  13. ^ "Reducing Ship Strike Risk to Whales - Policy and Management". sanctuaries.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  14. ^ "Chart 18649". www.charts.noaa.gov. National Ocean Service. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  15. ^ "LIGHT LIST, PACIFIC COAST AND PACIFIC ISLANDS" (PDF). United States Coast Guard. VI: 37. 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.

External links