Goldsmith
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A goldsmith is a
Goldsmiths must be skilled in forming metal through
Gold
Compared to other metals, gold is
History
Gold has been worked by humans in all
Some pieces date back thousands of years and were made using many techniques that still are used by modern goldsmiths. Techniques developed by some of those goldsmiths achieved a skill level that was lost and remained beyond the skills of those who followed, even to modern times.[5] Researchers attempting to uncover the chemical techniques used by ancient artisans have remarked that their findings confirm that "the high level of competence reached by the artists and craftsmen of these ancient periods who produced objects of an artistic quality that could not be bettered in ancient times and has not yet been reached in modern ones."[6][dubious ]
In
The
The
Contemporary goldsmithing
A goldsmith might have a wide array of skills and knowledge at their disposal.
Because it is so soft, however, 24 karat gold is rarely used. It is usually alloyed to make it stronger and to create different colors. Depending on the metals used to create the alloy, the color can change.
The goldsmith will use a variety of tools and machinery, including the
'Jeweller', however, is a term mostly reserved for a person who deals in jewellery (buys and sells) and not to be confused with a goldsmith, silversmith, gemologist, diamond cutter, and diamond setters. A 'jobbing jeweller' is the term for a jeweller who undertakes a small basic amount of jewellery repair and alteration.
Notable goldsmiths
Historical
- Kalogjera family[8]
- Filippo Brunelleschi
- Benvenuto Cellini
- House of Fabergé
- Lorenzo Ghiberti
- Johannes Gutenberg
- George Heriot
- Gaspard van der Heyden
- Paul de Lamerie
- Arnold Lulls
- Jean-Valentin Morel
- Paul Storr
- Adrien Vachette
Contemporary
- Lois Betteridge
- Jocelyn Burton
- Andrea Cagnetti – Akelo
- Cartier
- William Claude Harper
- Mary Lee Hu
- Linda MacNeil
- Mazlo
- John Paul Miller (1918–2013)
- Gary Noffke
- Christoph Steidl Porenta
Gallery
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Renaissance goldsmith shop
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A Brahmin goldsmith from Goa, India, 16th century
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Goldsmith's workshop in Museum of Arts and Popular Customs of Seville
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A Karo people (Indonesia) goldsmith in Sumatra (c. 1918)
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An Afghan goldsmith in Kabul, 1928
See also
- Bench jeweler
- Jewelers' Row
- Old master print, engraving, and niello – goldsmith's techniques or related trades in the Middle Ages
- Persian-Sassanide art patterns
- Household silver
- Sunar
- Toreutics
References
- S2CID 163062746. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.
- ISBN 978-92-3-102811-3.
The first major gold-working centre was situated at the mouth of the Danube, on the shores of the Black Sea in Bulgaria
- ISBN 978-0-226-30511-0.
The oldest known gold jewelry in the world is from an archaeological site in Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, and is over 6,000 years old (radiocarbon dated between 4,600 BC and 4,200 BC).
- ISBN 978-0-691-14388-0.
grave 43 at the Varna cemetery, the richest single grave from Old Europe, dated about 4600–4500 BC.
- ^ American Chemical Society, Ancient technology for metal coatings 2,000 years ago can't be matched even today, ScienceDaily, ScienceDaily, July 24, 2013,
- ^ Gabriel Maria Ingo, Giuseppe Guida, Emma Angelini, Gabriella Di Carlo, Alessio Mezzi, Giuseppina Padeletti, Ancient Mercury-Based Plating Methods: Combined Use of Surface Analytical Techniques for the Study of Manufacturing Process and Degradation Phenomena, Accounts of Chemical Research, 2013; 130705111206005 DOI: 10.1021/ar300232e
- ISBN 978-1-4437-8201-2.
- ^ Vinicije B. Lupis, Zlatarska bilježnica obitelji Kalogjera iz Blata na otoku Korčuli (Goldsmith's Book of the Kalogjera Family from Blato on the Island of Korčula) in Peristil : zbornik radova za povijest umjetnosti, Vol. 52, No. 1, translated from Croatian, Institut društvenih znanosti "Ivo Pilar", Područni centar Dubrovnik, 2009.
External links
- Media related to Goldsmiths at Wikimedia Commons