Politics of Guinea-Bissau
The politics of
Since 1994, the Bissau-Guinean
Despite the democratic,
Political developments
In 1989, the ruling
Guinea-Bissau's first
Former president Viera was once again elected as president in July 2005. The government of Prime Minister
Martinho Ndafa Kabi was then nominated as prime minister by a coalition composed of the PAIGC, the Social Renewal Party (PRS), and the United Social Democratic Party (PUSD). On April 9, 2007, it was announced that President João Bernardo Vieira had rejected the choice of Kabi, but the coalition said that they maintained him as their choice. Later that day, Vieira appointed Kabi as the new prime minister. Kabi took office on April 13, and his government, composed of 20 ministers (including eight from the PAIGC, eight from the PRS, and two from the PUSD) was named on April 17.
2009 assassination
President Viera was killed on March 2, 2009, by soldiers as retaliation for the killing of the head of the joint chiefs of staff, General
2010 military unrest
Prior to the
On April 1, 2010, soldiers entered UN offices and arrested Na Tchuto. The same day, more soldiers entered Prime Minister
The following day, the prime minister was taken to meet with the president where the president said: "I will not resign because I was democratically elected. I consider what happened on Thursday as an incident. The situation is now stable. I can assure you that institutions will return to their normal functions." The
2011 attempted coup
After Army chief of staff General Antonio Indjai was reported arrested by the orders of navy chief Rear Admiral Jose Americo Bubo Na Tchuto,
2012 coup
On 12 April 2012, the military
2019 Disputed Election
Presidential elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 24 November 2019.
In the first round of voting, Domingos Simões Pereira led the field, with 40.13% of the vote. Incumbent president José Mário Vaz finished fourth in the first round of voting, failing to progress to the runoff.[13] According to the preliminary and final results published by the national commission of elections, Umaro Sissoco Embaló won the runoff vote against Simões Pereira, 54% to 46%. Simões Pereira continues to dispute the results.[14] Although neither the supreme court of Guinea-Bissau nor the parliament had given its approval for the official swearing-in ceremony, Sissoco Embaló had organized an alternative swearing-in ceremony in a hotel in Bissau to announce himself as legal president of Guinea-Bissau.[15] Several politicians in Guinea-Bissau, including prime minister Aristides Gomes, accused Sissoco Embaló of arranging a Coup d'état, although outgoing president Mário Vaz stepped down to allow Embaló to take power.[16]
Jose Mario Vaz was the President of Guinea-Bissau from 2014 until the 2019 presidential elections. For two decades Jose Mario Vaz was the first elected president who finished his five-year mandate. Umaro Sissoco Embaló was the winner of the election and he took office in February 2020. However he faced a last-minute stand-off with parliament before taking office. Embaló is the first president to be elected without the backing of the PAIGC.[17][18]
Executive branch
Office | Name | Party | Since |
---|---|---|---|
President
|
Umaro Sissoco Embaló | Madem G15 | 27 February 2020 |
Prime Minister
|
Geraldo Martins | Independent politician | 8 August 2023 |
The president is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The prime minister is appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the legislature.
Legislative branch
The
Political parties and elections
Presidential elections
In the first round of voting Domingos Simões Pereira led the field, with 40.13% of the vote. Incumbent president José Mário Vaz finished fourth in the first round of voting, failing to progress to the runoff.[19] According to the preliminary and final results published by the national commission of elections, Umaro Sissoco Embaló won the runoff vote against Simões Pereira, 54% to 46%.
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Domingos Simões Pereira | African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde | 222,870 | 40.13 | 254,468 | 46.45 | |
Umaro Sissoco Embaló | Madem G15 | 153,530 | 27.65 | 293,359 | 53.55 | |
Nuno Gomes Nabiam | Assembly of the People United | 73,063 | 13.16 | |||
José Mário Vaz | Independent | 68,933 | 12.41 | |||
Carlos Gomes Júnior | Independent | 14,766 | 2.66 | |||
Baciro Djá | Patriotic Front of National Salvation | 7,126 | 1.28 | |||
Vicente Fernandes | Democratic Convergence Party | 4,250 | 0.77 | |||
Mamadú Iaia Djaló | New Democracy Party | 2,813 | 0.51 | |||
Idrissa Djaló | National Unity Party | 2,569 | 0.46 | |||
Mutaro Intai Djabi | Independent | 2,385 | 0.43 | |||
Gabriel Fernando Indi | United Social Democratic Party | 1,982 | 0.36 | |||
António Afonso Té | Republican Party for Independence and Development | 1,061 | 0.19 | |||
Total | 555,348 | 100.00 | 547,827 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 555,348 | 98.04 | 547,827 | 98.97 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 11,125 | 1.96 | 5,694 | 1.03 | ||
Total votes | 566,473 | 100.00 | 553,521 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 761,676 | 74.37 | 761,676 | 72.67 | ||
Source: CNE, CNE |
Parliamentary elections
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde | 212,148 | 35.22 | 47 | –10 | |
Party for Social Renewal | 127,104 | 21.10 | 21 | –20 | |
Madem G15 | 126,935 | 21.07 | 27 | New | |
Assembly of the People United | 51,049 | 8.47 | 5 | New | |
Patriotic Front of National Salvation | 13,926 | 2.31 | 0 | New | |
Democratic Convergence Party | 9,864 | 1.64 | 0 | –2 | |
New Democracy Party | 9,019 | 1.50 | 1 | 0 | |
Union for Change | 8,535 | 1.42 | 1 | 0 | |
Resistance of Guinea-Bissau-Bafatá Movement | 6,959 | 1.16 | 0 | 0 | |
African National Congress | 6,005 | 1.00 | 0 | New | |
Patriotic Movement | 5,756 | 0.96 | 0 | New | |
Guinean Movement for Development | 4,542 | 0.75 | 0 | New | |
Guinean Patriotic Union | 4,407 | 0.73 | 0 | 0 | |
Social Democratic Party | 2,854 | 0.47 | 0 | 0 | |
Party of Justice, Reconciliation and Labor–Platform of Democratic Forces | 2,849 | 0.47 | 0 | New | |
Guinean Democratic Movement | 2,789 | 0.46 | 0 | New | |
Republican Party for Independence and Development | 2,622 | 0.44 | 0 | 0 | |
Democratic Centre | 2,444 | 0.41 | 0 | New | |
National Unity Party | 958 | 0.16 | 0 | New | |
Democratic Party for Development | 861 | 0.14 | 0 | New | |
Manifest Party of the People | 755 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 602,381 | 100.00 | 102 | 0 | |
Valid votes | 602,381 | 93.38 | |||
Invalid votes | 20,827 | 3.23 | |||
Blank votes | 21,877 | 3.39 | |||
Total votes | 645,085 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 761,676 | 84.69 | |||
Source: CNE (1), CNE (2) |
Judicial branch
The Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal da Justiça) consists of nine justices, who are appointed by the president and serve at his pleasure. It is the final
Administrative divisions
Guinea-Bissau is divided in 9 regions (regiões, singular - região):
.International organization participation
References
- ^ "Africa :: Guinea-Bissau — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
- ^ "Rear-Admiral Jose Americo Bubo Na Tchuto, alleged leader of the coup plot foiled in Guinea Bissau on 6th of August arrested - President Joao Bernardo Vieira - Zimbio". Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 2010-04-01.
- ^ "Guinea-Bissau PM detained". Aljazeera.com. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
- ^ "Leaders call on Guinea-Bissau to maintain democracy". CNN. 2 April 2010.
- ^ "Al-ManarTV:: Guinea-Bissau's PM Says He Will Not Resign after Mutiny 03/04/2010". Archived from the original on 2010-04-08. Retrieved 2010-04-03.
- ^ "Al-ManarTV:: Guinea-Bissau Soldiers Keep PM under Guard 02/04/2010". Archived from the original on 2010-04-08. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
- ^ Chatelot, Christophe (2012-01-03). "Navy chief held in Guinea-Bissau after alleged coup attempt". Retrieved 2021-10-13.
- ^ Lona, Armando (29 December 2011). "Guinea-Bissau Lawyers Call for Investigation of Clash". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on July 21, 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
- ^ Embalo, Allen Yero (29 December 2011). "Guinea Bissau says coup-plotter executed". AFP. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
- ^ Staff (27 Dec 2011). "Army foils coup attempt on tiny island of Guinea-Bissau". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
- ^ "Reports of Guinea Bissau coup". News24.com. April 12, 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
- ^ "Guinea-Bissau military leaders, political parties announce transitional council". CNN. 16 April 2012.
- ^ AfricaNews (2019-06-19). "Guinea Bissau presidential election to be held on November 24". Africanews. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
- ^ AfricaNews (2020-02-05). "Guinea Bissau ex-PM Embalo declared winner of runoff". Africanews. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
- ^ "Umaro Sissoco Embalo swears himself in as Guinea-Bissau president". BusinessLIVE. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
- ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Em meio a contencioso judicial, Sissoco toma "posse simbólica" como Presidente da Guiné-Bissau | DW | 27.02.2020". DW.COM. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
- ^ "Guinea-Bissau's leader concedes election defeat".
- ^ "Guinea-Bissau country profile". BBC News. 2 March 2020.
- ^ "Guinea Bissau presidential election to be held on November 24". Africanews. 2019-06-19. Retrieved 2021-02-11.