Politics of New Caledonia
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Political developments
Article 77 of the
Under article 4 of the
On the other hand, New Caledonia remains an integral part of the French Republic. Inhabitants of New Caledonia are French citizens and carry French passports. They take part in the legislative and presidential French elections. New Caledonia sends
The Nouméa Accord stipulates that the Congress will have the right to call for a referendum on independence after 2014, at a time of its choosing. Following the timeline set by the Nouméa Accord, the groundwork was laid for a Referendum on full independence from France at a meeting chaired by the French Prime Minister Édouard Philippe on 2 November 2017, with the referendum to be held by November 2018. Voter list eligibility had been a subject of a long dispute, but the details were resolved at this meeting.[1] In the 2018 referendum, voters narrowly chose to remain a part of France. Two further referendums were permitted, being held in 2020 and 2021. 2020 saw slimmer margins than in the 2018 referendum, with 46.74% in favor of independence, while the 2021 vote overwhelmingly rejected independence, with 96.49% against it but on only a 43.87% turnout.[2] Kanak communities largely boycotted this referendum, advised by their leadership and still in mourning following mortality in the covid-19 pandemic.[3]
The current president of the government elected by the Congress is Louis Mapou, from the pro-independence Palika political party.
Executive branch
Office | Name | Party | Since |
---|---|---|---|
High Commissioner | Louis Le Franc | 6 February 2023 | |
President of the Government | Louis Mapou | National Union for Independence-Palika | 22 July 2021 |
The high commissioner is appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior. The president of the government is elected by the members of the Territorial Congress.
Legislative branch
The Congress (Congrès) has 54 members, being the members of the three regional councils, all elected for a five-year term by proportional representation. Furthermore, there is a 16-member Kanak Customary Senate (two members from each of the eight customary aires).
Political parties and elections
Latest territorial election
Party | Position | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Provincial assemblies | +/– | Congress | +/– | ||||||
Future with Confidence | Anti-independence | 32,336 | 29.35 | 23 | +7 | 18 | +5 | ||
Caledonia Together | Anti-independence | 15,948 | 14.48 | 9 | –11 | 7 | –8 | ||
Caledonian Union–FLNKS | Pro-Independence | 14,255 | 12.94 | 15 | –2 | 9 | –1 | ||
National Union for Independence | Pro-Independence | 12,679 | 11.51 | 14 | +3 | 9 | +2 | ||
Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front | Pro-Independence | 11,269 | 10.23 | 7 | +1 | 6 | +1 | ||
Oceanian Awakening | Anti-independence | 6,077 | 5.52 | 4 | New | 3 | New | ||
Labour Party | Pro-Independence | 4,182 | 3.80 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
National Rally | Anti-independence | 2,707 | 2.46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Citizens' Alliance | Neutral | 2,043 | 1.85 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
New Independence and Sovereignty Movement | Pro-Independence | 1,971 | 1.79 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
Building Differently | Neutral | 1,852 | 1.68 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
Common Caledonian Destiny | Anti-independence | 1,667 | 1.51 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
Kanak Socialist Liberation | Pro-Independence | 1,536 | 1.39 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
New and Reunited Caledonia | Anti-independence | 841 | 0.76 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
Unitary Kanaky Generation | Pro-Independence | 800 | 0.73 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
Total | 110,163 | 100.00 | 76 | 0 | 54 | 0 | |||
Valid votes | 110,163 | 97.70 | |||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 2,597 | 2.30 | |||||||
Total votes | 112,760 | 100.00 | |||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 169,635 | 66.47 | |||||||
Source: New Caledonia Government |
Parliamentarians
French National Assembly
- Philippe Dunoyer (first constituency, Caledonia Together, CE) elected 2017
- Nicolas Metzdorf (second constituency, Générations NC, GNC) elected 2022
French Senate
- Pierre Frogier (The Rally) elected 2011
- Gérard Poadja (Caledonia Together, CE) elected 2017
Judicial branch
Administrative divisions
New Caledonia is divided into three
International organization participation
- French-Pacific Banking Agreement
- International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
- Pacific Islands Forum (associate)
- The Pacific Community (SPC)
- United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (associate)
- World Federation of Trade Unions
- World Meteorological Organization.
See also
References
- ^ "Nouvelle-Calédonie : ce que contient l'" accord politique " sur le référendum d'autodétermination". Le Monde.
- ^ "New Caledonia rejects independence in final vote amid boycott". Reuters. 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
- ^ 2021 New Caledonian independence referendum