Graeco-Aryan
| Graeco-Aryan | |
|---|---|
| Graeco-Armeno-Aryan | |
| (proposed) | |
| Geographic distribution | Southern Europe, South, Central, West Asia and the Caucasus |
| Linguistic classification | Indo-European
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| Proto-language | Proto-Graeco-Aryan |
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Graeco-Aryan, or Graeco-Armeno-Aryan, is a hypothetical
The Graeco-Armeno-Aryan group supposedly branched off from the parent Indo-European stem by the mid-3rd millennium BC.
Relation to the possible homeland
In the context of the
If Graeco-Aryan is a valid group, Grassmann's law may have a common origin in Greek and Sanskrit. However, Grassmann's law in Greek postdates certain sound changes that happened only in Greek, not Sanskrit, which suggests that it could not have been inherited directly from a common Graeco-Aryan stage. Rather, it is more likely that an areal feature spread across a then-contiguous Graeco-Aryan–speaking area. That would have occurred after early stages of Proto-Greek and Proto-Indo-Iranian had developed into separate dialects but before they ceased to be in geographic contact.[citation needed]
Scientific discussion
Evidence for the existence of a Graeco-Aryan subclade was given by Wolfram Euler's 1979 examination on shared features in Greek and Sanskrit nominal inflection.[2] Graeco-Aryan is invoked in particular in studies of comparative mythology such as Martin Litchfield West (1999)[3] and Calvert Watkins (2001).[4]
One controversial hypothesis[5][6] has placed Greek in a Graeco-Armenian subclade of Indo-European,[7] though some researchers have integrated both attempts by including also Armenian in a putative Graeco-Armeno-Aryan language family, further divided between Proto-Greek (possibly united with Phrygian) and thus arriving at an Armeno-Aryan subclade, the putative ancestor of Armenian and Indo-Iranian.[8][9]
Graeco-Aryan has comparatively wide support among Indo-Europeanists who support the
References
- ^ Martin Litchfield West, Indo-European poetry and myth (2007), p. 7.
- ^ Wolfram Euler: Indoiranisch-griechische Gemeinsamkeiten der Nominalbildung und deren indogermanische Grundlagen [= Aryan-Greek Communities in Nominal Morphology and their Indoeuropean Origins]. Innsbruck, 1979 (in German).
- ^ Litchfield West, Martin (1999). "The Invention of Homer". Classical Quarterly. 49 (364).
- ISBN 978-0-19-514413-0.
- S2CID 231923312. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
- ^ James Clackson (1995). The Linguistic Relationship Between Armenian and Greek. Publications of the Philological Society.
- S2CID 42340. Archived from the original(PDF) on 26 March 2009.
- ^ Handbook of Formal Languages (1997), p. 6.
- ^ "Indo-European tree with Armeno-Aryan, separate from Greek". Archived from the original on 2018-05-14. Retrieved 2010-09-27.
- ISBN 3-8253-1449-9.
- ISBN 978-0-521-26474-7, p. 32: the model "still remains the background of much creative work in Indo-European reconstruction" even though it is "by no means uniformly accepted by all scholars."
- ^ Mallory, James P. (1997). "Kuro-Araxes Culture". Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. Fitzroy Dearborn: 341–42.
- Bibliography
- Kim, Ronald I.. "Greco-Armenian: The persistence of a myth". In: Indogermanische Forschungen, vol. 123, no. 1, 2018, pp. 247–272. https://doi.org/10.1515/if-2018-0009
Further reading
- Martirosyan, Hrach. "The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian". In: Journal of Language Relationship 10, no. 1 (2013): 85–138. https://doi.org/10.31826/jlr-2013-100107
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