Gravataí

Coordinates: 29°56′S 50°59′W / 29.933°S 50.983°W / -29.933; -50.983
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the city. For the river, see Gravataí River.
Gravataí
Municipality
The Municipality of Gravataí
UTC−3 (BRT)
Postal Code
94000-000
Area code+55 51
WebsitePrefeitura de Gravataí

Gravataí (Tupi–Guarani: gravatá, a kind of flower common in the region; y, river.) is a Brazilian municipality near Porto Alegre at the Rio Grande do Sul State. Its population is approximately 280,000 people, making it the sixth most populous city in the state.

History

The land where Gravataí is located was subject of dispute between Portugal and Spain until 1750, when they signed the Treaty of Madrid. Originally known as Aldeia de Nossa Senhora dos Anjos, Gravataí was founded on April 8, 1763 by settlers designated by the Portuguese to consolidate the crown presence in the region, led by Pedro Gonçalves Sandoval and João Lourenço Veloso. In 1772, the São Pedro province governor José Marcelino de Figueiredo started to develop the town. He built schools, mills and pottery facilities.

Then known as Aldeia dos Anjos, in 1806 the town was declared a district of Porto Alegre. By 1880 Gravataí was chartered as a borough ("Vila" in

Executive order #311 declared Gravataí a city.[2]

Geography

According to the

Guaíba estuary
.

Climate

Gravataí
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
99
 
 
30
20
 
 
109
 
 
30
21
 
 
104
 
 
28
19
 
 
86
 
 
25
16
 
 
94
 
 
22
13
 
 
132
 
 
19
11
 
 
122
 
 
19
11
 
 
140
 
 
20
11
 
 
140
 
 
22
13
 
 
114
 
 
24
15
 
 
104
 
 
27
17
 
 
102
 
 
29
19
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: The Weather Channel – Gravataí
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
3.9
 
 
86
68
 
 
4.3
 
 
86
70
 
 
4.1
 
 
82
66
 
 
3.4
 
 
77
61
 
 
3.7
 
 
72
55
 
 
5.2
 
 
66
52
 
 
4.8
 
 
66
52
 
 
5.5
 
 
68
52
 
 
5.5
 
 
72
55
 
 
4.5
 
 
75
59
 
 
4.1
 
 
81
63
 
 
4
 
 
84
66
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

The climate in Gravataí is humid subtropical (Cfa). Summers are warm and the hottest month is February, with an average temperature of 25 °C (77 °F). Winters are cold (by Brazilian standards) and the coldest month is July, with an average temperature of 14 °C (57 °F). The wettest months are August and September, with 140 mm (5.51 in) of precipitation, with rain regularly falling all year long.[3]

Neighbor cities

Economy

supermini produced in Gravataí for the Latin American
market.

Agriculture was essential to Gravataí's economy during its first two centuries. After the 1950s the city started a process of industrialization. This process was accelerated in 2000 after the inauguration of a

Suzuki Fun
) and Chevrolet Prisma per year.

Today, manufacturing is the major economic driver and Gravataí has been classified as a

blue collar
city.

Government

The city elects a mayor, who serves a maximum of two four-year terms; Marco Alba is the current mayor.

The city council ("Câmara de Vereadores" in Portuguese) is composed of 21 aldermen elected to office for four years. The council functions as a parliamentary or congressional style legislative body, proposing bills, holding votes (especially the municipal budget), and passing laws to help govern the city.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1872[4] 5,852—    
1890[5] 9,693+65.6%
1900[6] 12,855+32.6%
1920[7] 20,394+58.6%
1940[8] 22,894+12.3%
1950[9] 27,853+21.7%
1960[10] 45,951+65.0%
1970[11] 52,462+14.2%
1980[12] 107,437+104.8%
1990[2] 173,396+61.4%
2000[2] 232,629+34.2%
2010[2] 255,762+9.9%
Note 1: Canoas was spun out of Gravataí in 1939.

Note 2: Cachoeirinha was spun out of Gravataí in 1966.

Note 3: Glorinha was spun out of Gravataí in 1988.

As of the 2010 Census,

Asian, and 0.2% Amerindian.[14]

The per capita income for the city was R$18,642 (US$10,965) in 2007.[15]

Religion

Main article: Religion in Brazil
Religion Percentage Number
Catholic
 66.14% 169,095
Protestant 18.27% 46,705
No religion 5.88% 15,031
Kardecist 3.79% 9,684
Umbanda and Candomblé 2.69% 6,879
Jehovah's Witnesses 1.04% 2,667
Buddhist 0.12% 299
Other 2.07% 5,300

Source: IBGE 2010.[16]

Education

Gravataí has three colleges and universities offering bachelor's and professional or master's degree programs:

Universidade Luterana do Brasil, FACENSA, and Faculdade QI
.

Transportation

By land, Gravataí is practically midway between

BR-101
highway. Rio Grande do Sul capital, Porto Alegre, is 16 miles (26 km) to the west.

Interstates and major highways

  • BR-290 – Runs east-west just south of the city and is accessible from Gravataí via exit 74 (RS-118) and exit 68 (General Motors plant); provides access to Porto Alegre (westbound) and to the coastline (eastbound).
  • RS-020 – Connects the town to Taquara and the Serra Gaúcha (the Gaucho Highlands).
  • RS-030 – Runs through the city parallel to BR-290 and connecting Gravataí to
    Osório
    , ending in Tramadaí City (in the Atlantic Coast).
  • RS-118 – Is a very important metropolitan perimeter highway connecting Gravataí to Esteio (northbound) and to Viamão (southbound), crossing by the Alvorada, Cachoeirinha and the Sapucaia do Sul Cities.

Airport

The closest airport to the city is the

Salgado Filho International Airport
, located off BR-290 highway, 14 miles west of Gravataí.

Public transportation

Public transit throughout the region is provided by SOGIL, Unesul, VICASA, and TransCal.[citation needed]

Waterways

Though it is not used for transporting goods and materials, the Gravataí River is a navigable waterway for boating.

References

  1. ^ "IBGE 2020". Archived from the original on 2022-01-22. Retrieved 2021-01-22.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h (in Portuguese) IBGE Cidades@ – Gravataí Archived 2010-12-08 at the Wayback Machine Accessed December 12, 2010.
  3. ^ (in Portuguese) Gravataí, Rio Grande do Sul Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine, The Weather Channel, accessed December 07, 2010.
  4. ^ (in Portuguese) UFPel – Departamento de Economia / Recenseamento da População do Império do Brasil: 1872 – Paróquia de N. S. dos Anjos d'Aldêa Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed May 25, 2008.
  5. ^ (in Portuguese) Officina de Estatistica – Synopse do recenseamento do Brazil de 31 de dezembro de 1890 (página 102) Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed September 3, 2008.
  6. ^ (in Portuguese) Typographia da Estatistica – Synopse do recenseamento do Brazil de 31 de dezembro de 1900 (página 85) Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed September 3, 2008.
  7. ^ (in Portuguese) Typographia da Estatística – Recenseamento do Brazil Realizado em 1 de Setembro de 1920 – Volume IV (2ª Parte) Tomo II (página 536) Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed October 19, 2010.
  8. ^ (in Portuguese) IBGE – Recenseamento Geral do Brasil (1940) – Série Regional, Parte XX (1950). Rio de Janeiro: Serviço Gráfico do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed September 3, 2008.
  9. ^ (in Portuguese) IBGE – VI Recenseamento Geral do Brasil (1950) – Série Regional Volume XXVIII, Tomo I. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed September 3, 2008.
  10. ^ (in Portuguese) IBGE – Censo Demográfico de 1960 – Série Regional Volume I, Tomo XVI. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed September 3, 2008.
  11. ^ (in Portuguese) IBGE – VII Recenseamento Geral – 1970 Série Regional Volume I, Tomo XXI (página 454). Rio de Janeiro: IBGE Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine Accessed September 3, 2008.
  12. ^ (in Portuguese) Dados do IBGE compilados pelo DATASUS Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ (in Portuguese) Primeiros Dados do Censo 2010 Archived 2010-12-04 at the Wayback Machine Accessed March 22, 2012.
  14. ^ (in Portuguese) IBGE Censo 2010 - Painel Archived 2012-03-22 at the Wayback Machine Accessed March 22, 2012.
  15. ^ (in Portuguese) Produto Interno Bruto dos Municípios 2003-2007 Archived 2011-05-16 at the Wayback Machine Accessed December 16, 2009.
  16. ^ "Religion in Gravataí by IBGE". Sidra.ibge.gov.br. Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2013-01-07.

External links

29°56′S 50°59′W / 29.933°S 50.983°W / -29.933; -50.983

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gravataí&oldid=1213537283"