Greater Romania Party
Greater Romania Party Partidul România Mare | |
---|---|
President | Victor Iovici[1] |
Founder | Corneliu Vadim Tudor Eugen Barbu |
Founded | 20 June 1991 |
Headquarters | Bucharest |
Membership | 37,000 (2014 est.) |
Ideology | |
Political position | Centre-left (minority)[5] Right-wing to far-right (majority)[6][7] |
Religion | Romanian Orthodoxy |
National affiliation | National Identity Bloc in Europe |
Colours | Blue Yellow |
Senate | 0 / 136 |
Chamber of Deputies | 0 / 330 |
European Parliament | 0 / 33 |
Mayors | 0 / 3,176 [8] |
County Councilors | 0 / 1,340 [8] |
Local Council Councilors | 31 / 39,900 [8] |
Website | |
partidulromaniamare | |
The Greater Romania Party (Romanian: Partidul România Mare, PRM) is a Romanian far-right political party.[9] Founded in May 1991 by Eugen Barbu and Corneliu Vadim Tudor, it was led by the latter from that point until his death in September 2015.[10][11] The party is sometimes referred to in English as the Great Romania Party.
It briefly participated in government from 1993 to 1995 (in Nicolae Văcăroiu's cabinet). In 2000, Tudor received the second largest number of votes in Romania's presidential elections, partially as a result of protest votes lodged by Romanians frustrated with the fractionalisation and mixed performance of the 1996–2000 Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) government. Tudor's second-place position ensured he would compete in the second round run-off against former president and Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR) candidate Ion Iliescu, who won by a large margin. Parallels are often drawn with the situation in France two years later, when far-right National Rally (RN) party leader Jean-Marie Le Pen similarly drew the second largest number of votes and was elevated, but nevertheless defeated, in the presidential run-off against Jacques Chirac.
Although Tudor clearly remained the central figure in the PRM, in March 2005 he briefly stepped down from the party presidency in favour of Corneliu Ciontu. A primary objective of the move was to provide the appearance of a shift toward the political center and to attempt to align PRM with the European People's Party (EPP) bloc in the European Parliament. During this period the PRM also briefly changed its name to the Greater Romania's People Party. EPP, however, rejected the PRM as a potential member. Tudor stated he refused to join the EPP because of its lack of identity. In June 2005, Tudor asserted that he had decided the new leadership had distanced itself from the founding principles of the party, and he sacked the new leadership and reverted the party's name back to simply the "Greater Romania Party". In November 2005, Ciontu, along with a small faction of the PRM, formed their own party, the People's Party (PP), which has since merged with the New Generation Party (PNG).
In January 2007, with Romania's accession to the EU România Mare's five MEPs joined a group of far-right parties in the European Parliament that included the French National Rally (RN) and Austrian Freedom Party (FPÖ), giving them sufficient numbers to form an official bloc, called Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty.[12] Though due to disagreements, they left the group a few months later, causing its collapse.
History and ideology
The party was founded in 1991 by Tudor, who was formerly known as a "
Both the ideology and the main political focus of the Greater Romania Party (PRM) are reflected in frequently strongly nationalistic articles written by Tudor. The party has called for the outlawing of the ethnic Hungarian party, the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR), for allegedly plotting the secession of Transylvania.[15]
PRM promotes the idea of a "Greater Romania" that would bring together all the territories populated by Romanians in neighboring countries (Ukraine and Moldova).[16] It especially calls for the annexation of Moldova.[17]
The party has praised and shown nostalgia for both the military dictatorship of
In 2003, Tudor said he would no longer engage in discourse against
In 2024, the current president of the party,
Party leaders
- Corneliu Vadim Tudor (1991–2015)
- Emil Străinu (2015–2016)
- Victor Iovici (2017–present)
Electoral history
Legislative elections
Election | Chamber | Senate | Position | Aftermath | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |||
1992 | 424,061 | 3.89 | 16 / 341
|
422,545 | 3.85 | 6 / 143
|
6th | PDSR-PUNR-PRM-PSM government (1992–1996) |
Endorsing PDSR-PUNR-PSM government (1996) | ||||||||
1996 | 545,430 | 4.46 | 19 / 343
|
558,026 | 4.54 | 8 / 143
|
5th | Opposition to CDR-USD-UDMR government (1996–2000) |
2000 | 2,112,027 | 19.48 | 84 / 345
|
2,288,483 | 21.01 | 37 / 140
|
2nd | Opposition to PDSR minority government (2000–2004) |
2004 | 1,316,751 | 12.92 | 48 / 332
|
1,394,698 | 13.3 | 21 / 137
|
3rd | Opposition to DA-PUR-UDMR government (2004–2007) |
Opposition to PNL-UDMR minority government (2007–2008) | ||||||||
2008
|
217,595 | 3.16 | 0 / 334
|
245,930 | 3.57 | 0 / 137
|
5th | Extra-parliamentary opposition to PDL-PSD government (2008–2009) |
Extra-parliamentary opposition to PDL-UNPR-UDMR government (2009–2012) | ||||||||
Extra-parliamentary endorsement for USL government (2012) | ||||||||
2012
|
92,382 | 1.25 | 0 / 412
|
109,142 | 1.47 | 0 / 176
|
5th | Extra-parliamentary endorsement for USL government (2012–2014) |
Extra-parliamentary opposition to PSD-UNPR-UDMR-PC government (2014) | ||||||||
Extra-parliamentary endorsement for PSD-UNPR-ALDE government (2014–2015) | ||||||||
Extra-parliamentary opposition to the technocratic Cioloș Cabinet (2015–2017) | ||||||||
2016
|
73,264 | 1.04 | 0 / 329
|
83,568 | 1.18 | 0 / 136
|
8th | Extra-parliamentary opposition to PSD-ALDE government (2017–2019) |
Extra-parliamentary endorsement to PSD minority government (2019) | ||||||||
Extra-parliamentary endorsement to PNL minority government (2019–2020) | ||||||||
2020
|
32,655 | 0.55 | 0 / 330
|
38,475 | 0.65 | 0 / 136
|
10th | Extra-parliamentary opposition to PNL-USR PLUS-UDMR government (2020–2021) |
Local elections
Election | County Councilors (CJ) | Mayors | Local Councilors (CL) | Popular vote | % | Position | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | ||||
2016 | — | — | 0 / 1,434
|
— | — | 0 / 3,186
|
— | — | 141 / 40,067
|
— | — | N/A |
2020 | 27,279 | 0.38 | 0 / 1,340
|
11,693 | 0.14 | 0 / 3,176
|
20,928 | 0.26 | 31 / 39,900
|
— | — | 22nd |
Presidential elections
Election | Candidate | First round | Second round | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | Percentage | Position | Votes | Percentage | Position | ||
1992 | did not compete | ||||||
1996 | Corneliu Vadim Tudor | 597,508 | 4.7% |
5th | |||
2000 | Corneliu Vadim Tudor | 3,178,293 | 28.3% |
2nd | 3,324,247 | 33.2% |
2nd |
2004 | Corneliu Vadim Tudor | 1,313,714 | 12.6% |
3rd | |||
2009 | Corneliu Vadim Tudor | 540,380 | 5.56% |
4th | |||
2014 | Corneliu Vadim Tudor | 349,416 | 3.68% |
7th | |||
2019 | did not compete |
European elections
Election | Votes | Percentage | MEPs | Position | EU Party | EP Group |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 | 212,596 | 4.15% | 0 / 32
|
7th | — | — |
2009 | 419,094 | 8.65% | 2 / 33
|
5th 1 | — | NI |
2014 | 150,484 | 2.70% | 0 / 32
|
8th | — | — |
2019 | did not compete |
Notes:
1 PNG-CD competed on PRM ballot, thus gaining 1 MEP.
References
- ^ "Partidul "România Mare" are o nouă conducere. Ce funcție ocupă fiica lui Vadim" [PRM has elected a new president.]. b1.ro (in Romanian). 13 November 2017.
- ^ "PRM vrea să obţină 13% la viitoarele alegeri, la nivel naţional". 13 July 2018.
- ^ "Kiss FM - Partidele care-ți arată că naționalismele de doi lei din România nu au apărut odată cu AUR". 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Vadim Tudor, atac violent la adresa ungurilor".
- ^ "Partidul România Mare (PRM)". votez.info. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ "Strategiile PRM de maximizare a capitalului electoral (1996-2005)". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ "The Ideological Institutionalization of the Romanian Party System". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
- ^ a b c "2016bec.ro".
- ISBN 978-0-7656-1911-2.
- ^ Alison Mutler (14 September 2015). "Corneliu Vadim Tudor, ultranationalist Romanian poet and politician, dies at 65". The Washington Post. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
- ^ Alina Novăceanu (14 September 2015). "Corneliu Vadim Tudor, de la PCR la PRM, candidat de cinci ori la președinție". Mediafax. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
- ^ Traynor, Ian (January 8, 2007). "Romania's first gift to the European Union - a caucus of neo-fascists and Holocaust deniers". The Guardian.
- ^ Verbeeck, Georgi; Hausleitner, Mariana (2011), "Cultural Memory and Legal Responses: Holocaust Denial in Belgium and Romania", Facing the Catastrophe: Jews and Non-Jews in Europe During World War II, Berg, p. 238
- ^ Shafir, Michael (2004), "Memories, Memorials and Membership: Romanian Utilitarian Anti-Semitism and Marshal Antonescu", Romania Since 1989: Politics, Economics, and Society, Lexington Books, p. 71
- ^ Cinpoeș, Radu. "The Extreme Right in Contemporary Romania" (p. 5) October 2002. Accessed July 31, 2014.
- ^ Antonela Capelle-Pogacean and Nadège Ragaru (2006). "La dérive contestataire en Roumanie et en Bulgarie" (in French). No. 1054. Le courrier des pays de l'Est. pp. 44–51.
- ^ Minkenberg, Michael (2011-01-01). "A l'Est, l'obsession des frontières". Le Monde diplomatique (in French).
- ^ Shafir, Michael (2012), "Denying the Shoah in Post-Communist Eastern Europe", Holocaust Denial: The Politics of Perfidy, de Gruyter, p. 33
- ^ Gruber, Ruth Ellen (2002), "East-Central Europe", American Jewish Year Book 2002, American Jewish Committee, p. 471
- ^ Bugajski, Janusz (2000), "Nationalist Majority Parties: The Anatomy of Ethnic Domination in Central and Eastern Europe", The Politics of National Minority Participation in Post-Communist Europe, EastWest Institute, p. 75
- ^ Hogea, Alina, "Coming to Terms with the Communist Past in Romania: An Analysis of the Political and Media Discourse Concerning the Tismăneanu Report", Studies of Transition States and Societies, 2 (2): 22–23
- ^ "Dedication of Romanian Statue of Rabin a Ploy". Anti-Defamation League. January 16, 2004. Archived from the original on June 2, 2006. Retrieved March 3, 2006.
- ^ "Yad Vashem has issued the following statement regarding the business relationship between Israeli public relations entrepreneur Eyal Arad and the leader of the Greater Romania party, Vadim Tudor". Yad Vashem. March 14, 2004.
- ^ "APPEAL". The Romanian Jewish Community.
- ^ https://a3alexandria.ro/2024/04/09/video-prm-sustine-candidatii-psd-la-alegerile-locale-in-teleorman/
External links
- (in Romanian) Greater Romania Party
- (in Romanian) România Mare (magazine) Archived 2016-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
- (in Romanian) Tricolorul (magazine) Archived 2015-01-03 at the Wayback Machine