1974 Greek republic referendum
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"Republic" vote share by constituency |
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Politics of Greece |
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A referendum on retaining the republic was held in
Campaign
The referendum campaign included television debates in which King Constantine himself took part on the monarchist side, and those debating in favour of the republic included Marios Ploritis, Leonidas Kyrkos, Phaedon Vegleris, George Koumandos, Alexandros Panagoulis and Costas Simitis, who later (from 1996 to 2004) served as Prime Minister of Greece.[citation needed]
Political parties abstained from taking part in the referendum campaign, with the television debates confined to ordinary citizens representing one side or the other (although most members of some parties and alliances had sympathies for one side or the other, with members of the National Democratic Union in favour of restoring the monarchy and the United Left, Centre Union – New Forces, and PASOK in favour of the republic). On 23 November 1974 Prime Minister Karamanlis requested for his parliamentary party group (New Democracy) to adopt a neutral stance on the issue. Two televised speeches a week were given to each side, with an additional two messages broadcast by the former king; a radio broadcast on 26 November and a television speech on 6 December.[citation needed]
Results
Choice | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Republic | 3,245,111 | 69.18 | |
Constitutional monarchy | 1,445,875 | 30.82 | |
Total | 4,690,986 | 100.00 | |
Valid votes | 4,690,986 | 99.39 | |
Invalid/blank votes | 28,801 | 0.61 | |
Total votes | 4,719,787 | 100.00 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 6,244,539 | 75.58 | |
Source: Nohlen & Stöver |
By region
The electorate voted categorically in favour of republic. Crete gave more than 90% of its vote for the republic, but in around thirty constituencies, the result for republic was around 60–70%. The largest wins for the restoration of the monarchy were in the Peloponnese and Thrace, at around 45%. The constituencies with the highest votes for the restoration were Laconia at 59.52%, Rhodope at 50.54%, Messenia with 49.24%, Elis at 46.88% and Argos at 46.67%.[citation needed]
Region | Republic (%) | Constitutional monarchy (%) |
---|---|---|
Athens A | 75.60 | 24.40 |
Athens B | 79.59 | 20.41 |
Aetolia-Acarnania | 65.63 | 34.67 |
Argolis | 53.33 | 46.67 |
Arkadia | 56.99 | 43.01 |
Arta | 56.21 | 43.79 |
Achaea | 68.54 | 31.46 |
Kavala | 73.64 | 26.36 |
Boeotia | 65.46 | 35.24 |
Corfu | 63.47 | 36.53 |
Drama | 67.41 | 32.59 |
Dodecanese | 63.78 | 36.22 |
Evros | 60.27 | 39.73 |
Evrytania | 60.69 | 39.31 |
Euboea | 65.38 | 34.62 |
Grevena | 61.20 | 38.80 |
Heraklion | 89.43 | 10.57 |
Ilia |
53.12 | 46.88 |
Ioannina | 68.70 | 31.30 |
Imathia | 71.77 | 28.23 |
Thessaloniki A | 79.99 | 20.01 |
Thessaloniki B | 68.12 | 31.88 |
Thesprotia | 64.21 | 35.79 |
Zante |
62.63 | 37.37 |
Karditsa | 68.79 | 31.21 |
Kastoria | 55.74 | 44.26 |
Cephalonia | 66.17 | 33.83 |
Kilkis | 59.71 | 40.29 |
Kozani | 66.11 | 33.89 |
Corinthia | 62.36 | 37.64 |
Cyclades | 61.72 | 38.28 |
Larissa | 67.82 | 32.18 |
Laconia | 40.48 | 59.52 |
Lasithi | 88.42 | 11.58 |
Lesvos |
77.74 | 22.26 |
Lefkada | 71.22 | 28.78 |
Magnesia | 71.25 | 28.75 |
Messenia | 50.76 | 49.24 |
Xanthi | 53.75 | 46.25 |
Piraeus A | 71.95 | 28.05 |
Piraeus B | 81.70 | 18.30 |
Pella | 65.09 | 34.91 |
Pieria | 65.54 | 34.46 |
Preveza | 62.01 | 37.99 |
Rethymno | 94.10 | 5.90 |
Rhodope | 49.46 | 50.54 |
Samos | 64.38 | 35.62 |
Serres | 64.82 | 35.18 |
Trikala | 67.40 | 32.60 |
Attica | 65.07 | 34.93 |
Fthiotida |
63.58 | 36.42 |
Florina | 60.36 | 39.64 |
Fokida |
62.44 | 37.56 |
Chalcidice |
58.17 | 41.83 |
Chania | 92.70 | 7.30 |
Chios | 72.95 | 27.05 |
Aftermath
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2015) |
With the announcement of the results, Karamanlis said: "A cancer has been removed from the body of the nation today."[5] On 15 December 1974, the incumbent President General Phaedon Gizikis (appointed by Ioannides in November 1973) submitted his resignation, and Karamanlis thanked him with a personal visit and by writing for his services to the country. On 18 December 1974, Michail Stasinopoulos, a state list MP for New Democracy, was elected and sworn in as provisional President of Greece, as the Parliament was to compose a new Constitution.[citation needed]
In February 1988, Prime Minister
In April 2007, the newspaper To Vima carried out a survey in which only 11.6% of those polled wished for Greece to become a monarchy again.[citation needed]
References
- ^ Steven V. Roberts (9 December 1974). "Greeks Reject Monarchy By Wide Margin of Votes". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
- ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ^ Hope, Kevin. Referendum plan faces hurdles. Financial Times 1 November 2011.
- ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p838
- ^ Kollias, Konstantinos (1984). Βασιλεύς και Επανάστασις 1967. Athens: Αθήναι. p. 115.
- ^ Ανασκόπηση γεγονότων 1988, Live-Pedia Archived 2011-05-11 at the Wayback Machine, ανακτήθηκε 28-11-2009
- ^ JPRS Report Europe, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 28 April 1988 (JPRS-WER-88-021[dead link], reproduced by US Dept. of Commerce, ανακτήθηκε 28-11-2009, σελ. 8-9