Green Dome

Coordinates: 24°28′03.22″N 039°36′41.18″E / 24.4675611°N 39.6114389°E / 24.4675611; 39.6114389 (Green Dome)
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For the Abbasid palace in Baghdad, see Palace of the Golden Gate.
Green Dome
Al-Qubbah Al-Khaḍrāʾ (ٱَلْقُبَّة ٱلْخَضْرَاء)
Al Mansur Qalawun[1]
Date established678 A.H. / 1279 C.E.[2][1]
Completed678 A.H. / 1279 C.E.[2][1]
MaterialsWood,[3] brick[4]

The Green Dome (

Arabic: ٱَلْقُبَّة ٱلْخَضْرَاء‎, romanized: al-Qubbah al-Khaḍrāʾ, Hejazi Arabic pronunciation: [al.ɡʊb.ba al.xadˤ.ra]) is a green-coloured dome built above the tombs of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the early Rashidun Caliphs Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) and Omar (r. 634–644), which used to be the Noble Chamber of Aisha. The dome is located in the southeast corner of Al-Masjid al-Nabawi in Medina, present-day Saudi Arabia.[5] Millions visit it every year, since it is a tradition to visit the mosque after or before the pilgrimage to Mecca
.

The structure dates back to 1279 C.E., when an unpainted wooden cupola was built over the tomb. It was later rebuilt and painted using different colours (blue and silver) twice in the late 15th century and once in 1817. The dome was first painted green in 1837, and hence became known as the "Green Dome".[2]

History

Further information:
Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
Wall of the Burial

Built in 1279 C.E. or 678

Sultan Mahmud II.[5] The dome was first painted green in 1837.[2]

When

Ibn Abd al-Wahhab wrote that he did not wish to see the dome destroyed despite his aversion to people praying at the tomb.[7] Similar events took place in 1925 when the Saudi militias retook—and this time managed to keep—the city.[8][9][10] Most of the famous Muslim scholars of the Wahhabi Sect support the decision made by Saudi authorities not to allow veneration of the tomb as it was built much later after the death of Muhammad and considered it as an "innovation" (bid'ah sayyi’ah).[11]

Tomb of Muhammad and early caliphs

Muhammad's grave lies within the confines of what used to be his and his wife Aisha's house, during the Hijra. During his lifetime, it adjoined the mosque. The first and second Rashidun Caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar are buried next to Muhammad. Umar was given a spot next to Abu Bakr by Aisha, originally intended for her. The mosque was expanded during the reign of Umayyad Caliph al-Walid I to include their tombs.[2] The graves themselves cannot be seen, as a gold mesh and black curtains cordon off the area.[12]


The graves and what remains of Aisha's house are enclosed by a 5-sided wall, without doors or windows, built by the caliph

tawaf around it. The enclosure has been inaccessible since Mamluk Sultan Qaitbay's reconstruction of 1481. Only the outer southern wall, draped in green cloth, can be seen through the grills built several centuries later.[citation needed
]

Panorama

Green Dome and Prophet's Mosque at sunset, view from the east

Gallery

  • View from the western side of the Hujra
    View from the western side of the Hujra
  • 17th century bronze coin depicting Mamluk era dome which preceded the current dome
    17th century bronze coin depicting Mamluk era dome which preceded the current dome
  • The Green Dome, in Burton's Pilgrimage, c. 1850 CE
    The Green Dome, in Burton's Pilgrimage, c. 1850 CE
  • The Dome, first photographed in 1880 by Muhammad Sadiq
    The Dome, first photographed in 1880 by Muhammad Sadiq
  • The grave of Muhammad located inside the quarter seen here
    The grave of Muhammad located inside the quarter seen here

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Green Dome.

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Prophet's Mosque". ArchNet. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-9835203732
    .
  3. ^ a b "The history of Green Dome in Madinah and its ruling". Peace Propagation Center. 4 June 2009. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  4. ^ a b Meinecke, Michael (1993). Mamlukische Architektur (in German). Vol. 2. pp. 396–442.
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-0203203873
    .
  6. ISBN 9004127569
    .
  7. ISBN 978-0470182574
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0470182574
    .
  9. ISBN 978-0275987343
    .
  10. ISBN 978-0807855775
    .
  11. ^ "Kya gumbad e Khazra ko gira dena chahye Reply to Bol TV Ulamaa | Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza". www.youtube.com. Retrieved 13 December 2020 – via YouTube.
  12. ^ "Important Sites: The Prophet's Mosque". Inside Islam. 16 February 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2018.

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