Gregg Allman
Gregg Allman | |
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Born | Gregory LeNoir Allman December 8, 1947 Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. |
Died | May 27, 2017 Richmond Hill, Georgia, U.S. | (aged 69)
Resting place | Rose Hill Cemetery |
Occupations |
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Years active | 1960–2017 |
Spouses |
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Children | 5, including Devon and Elijah Blue |
Musical career | |
Genres |
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Instrument(s) |
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Labels | |
Formerly of | |
Website | greggallman |
Gregory LeNoir Allman (December 8, 1947 – May 27, 2017) was an American musician, singer and songwriter. He was known for performing in
He and his brother Duane Allman formed the Allman Brothers Band in 1969, which reached mainstream success with their 1971 live album At Fillmore East, but shortly thereafter, Duane was killed in a motorcycle crash. The band continued, and released Brothers and Sisters, which became their most successful album, in 1973. Allman began a solo career with Laid Back the same year. He gained some additional fame for his 1975 to 1978 marriage to pop star Cher. He had an unexpected late-career hit with his cover of the song "I'm No Angel" in 1987, and his seventh solo album, Low Country Blues (2011), saw the highest chart positions of his career. Throughout his life, Allman struggled with alcohol and substance use, which formed the basis of his memoir My Cross to Bear (2012). His final album, Southern Blood, was released posthumously on September 8, 2017.
Allman performed with a
Early life
Gregory LeNoir Allman was born on December 8, 1947, at Saint Thomas Hospital in Nashville, Tennessee to Geraldine Robbins Allman (1917–2015) and Willis Turner Allman (1918–1949).[3] The couple had met during World War II in Raleigh, North Carolina when Allman was on leave from the U.S. Army, and were later married. Their first child, Duane Allman, was born in Nashville in 1946. On December 26, 1949, Willis offered a ride home to a hitchhiker, who shot and killed him in Norfolk, Virginia.[4][5] Geraldine moved to Nashville with her two sons and never remarried.[6] Lacking money to support her children, she enrolled in college to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA)—state laws at the time, according to her son, required students to live on-campus.[7]
As a result, Gregg and his older brother were sent to
Gregg worked as a
Musical beginnings
First bands (1960–1968)
We would rehearse every day in the club, go have lunch, rehearse some more, go home and take a shower, then go to the gig. Sometimes we would rehearse after we got home from the gig too, just get out the acoustics and play. The next day, we'd go have breakfast, go rehearse, and do it all over again. We rehearsed constantly.
—Allman on his musical evolution[18]
The two Allman brothers began meeting various musicians in the Daytona Beach area. They met a man named Floyd Miles, and they began to jam with his band, the Houserockers. "I would just sit there and study Floyd ... I studied how he phrased his songs, how he got the words out, and how the other guys sang along with him", Gregg would later recall.[19] They later formed their first "real" band, the Escorts, which performed a mix of top 40 and R&B music at clubs around town.[20] Duane, who took the lead vocal role on early demos, encouraged his younger brother to sing instead.[21] He and Duane often spent all of their money on records, as they attempted to learn songs from them. The group performed constantly as music became their entire focus; Gregg missed his high school graduation because he was performing that evening.[22] In his autobiography, Gregg recalls listening to Nashville R&B station WLAC at night and discovering artists such as Muddy Waters, who later became central to his musical evolution.[18] He avoided being drafted into the Vietnam War by intentionally shooting himself in the foot.[23]
The Escorts evolved into
He arranged a recording contract with
The Allman Brothers Band and mainstream success
Formation, touring, and Duane's death (1969–1971)
The Allman Brothers Band moved to
Their fortunes began to change over the course of 1971, where the band's average earnings doubled.[50] "We realized that the audience was a big part of what we did, which couldn't be duplicated in a studio. A lightbulb finally went off; we needed to make a live album", said Gregg.[51] At Fillmore East, recorded at the Fillmore East in New York City, was released in July 1971.[52] At Fillmore East peaked at number thirteen on Billboard's Top Pop Albums chart, and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America that October, becoming their commercial and artistic breakthrough.[53] Although suddenly very wealthy and successful, much of the band and its entourage now struggled with addiction to numerous drugs; they all agreed to quit heroin, but cocaine remained a problem.[54] His last conversation with Duane was an argument over cocaine: Gregg took some of his brother's supply, and later denied it when accused. In his memoir, My Cross to Bear, Gregg wrote: "I have thought of that lie every day of my life ... told him that lie, and he told me that he was sorry and that he loved me."[55]
Duane was killed in a motorcycle accident on October 29, 1971, in Macon.[56] At his funeral, Gregg performed "Melissa", which was his brother's favorite song.[57] "I tried to play and I tried to sing, but I didn't do too much writing. In the days and weeks that followed, ... I wondered if I'd ever find the passion, the energy, the love of making music", he remembered.[58] As the band took some time apart to process their loss, At Fillmore East became a major success domestically. "What we had been trying to do for all those years finally happened, and he was gone," Gregg remembered.[59] He later expanded upon his brother's passing in his memoir:
When I got over being angry, I prayed to him to forgive me, and I realized that my brother had a blast. ... Not that I got over it—I still ain't gotten over it. I don't know what getting over it means, really. I don't stand around crying anymore, but I think about him every day of my life. ... Maybe a lot of learning how to grieve was that I had to grow up a little bit and realize that death is part of life. Now I can talk to my brother in the morning, and he answers me at night. I've opened myself to his death and accepted it, and I think that's the grieving process at work.[60]
Mainstream success and fame (1972–1976)
After Duane's death, the band held a meeting on their future; it was clear all wanted to continue, and after a short period, the band returned to the road.[61] They completed their third studio album, Eat a Peach, that winter, which raised each member's spirits: "The music brought life back to us all, and it was simultaneously realized by every one of us. We found strength, vitality, newness, reason, and belonging as we worked on finishing Eat a Peach", said Allman.[62] Eat a Peach was released the following February, and it became the band's second hit album, shipping gold and peaking at number four on Billboard's album chart.[42] "We'd been through hell, but somehow we were rolling bigger than ever", Allman recalled.[63] The band purchased 432 acres of land in Juliette, Georgia, which became a group hangout.[64] Berry Oakley, however, was visibly suffering from the death of his friend,[65] and in November 1972 he too was killed in a motorcycle crash.[66] "Upset as I was, I kind of breathed a sigh of relief, because Berry's pain was finally over", Allman said.[63]
The band unanimously decided to carry on, and enlisted Lamar Williams on bass and Chuck Leavell on piano. The band began recording Brothers and Sisters, their follow-up album, and Betts became the group's de facto leader during the recording process.[67] Meanwhile, after some internal disagreements, Allman began recording a solo album, which he titled Laid Back. The sessions for both albums often overlapped and its creation caused tension within the rest of the band.[68] Both albums were released in late 1973, with Brothers and Sisters cementing the Allman Brothers' place among the biggest rock bands of the 1970s. "Everything that we'd done before—the touring, the recording—culminated in that one album", Allman recalled.[69] "Ramblin' Man", Betts' country-infused number, rose to number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and gave the band their biggest hit.[42] The group returned to touring, and played arenas and stadiums almost solely. Privately, the group was dealing with miscommunication and spiraling drug problems.[42][70] In 1974, the band was regularly making $100,000 per show, and was renting the Starship, a customized Boeing 720B used by Led Zeppelin and the Rolling Stones.[71] "When [we] got that goddamn plane, it was the beginning of the end", said Allman.[72]
Band member relationships became increasingly frustrated, amplified by heavy drug and alcohol abuse.
Mid-career and struggles
Marriages, breakups, and music (1975–1981)
Allman married Cher in June 1975, and the two lived in Hollywood during their years together as tabloid favorites.[4] Their marriage produced one son, Elijah Blue Allman, who was born in July 1976.[82] He recorded his second solo album, Playin' Up a Storm, with the Gregg Allman Band, and it was released in May 1977. He also worked on a collaborative album with Cher titled Two the Hard Way, which, upon its release, was a massive failure.[67] The couple went to Europe to tour in support of both albums,[83] though the crowd reception was mixed.[84] With a combination of Allman Brothers fans and Cher fans, fights often broke out in venues, which led Cher to cancel the tour.[85] Turmoil began to overwhelm their relationship, and the two divorced in 1978.[86] Allman returned to Daytona Beach to stay with his mother, spending the majority of his time partying, chasing women, and touring with the Nighthawks, a blues band.[87]
The Allman Brothers Band reunited in 1978.[88] Allman remembered that each member had his own reasons for rejoining, though he surmised it was a combination of displeasure with how things ended, missing each other, and a need for money.[89] The band's reunion album, Enlightened Rogues, was released in February 1979 and was a mild commercial success.[90][91] Betts's lawyer, Steve Massarsky, began managing the group,[91] and led the band to sign with Arista, who pushed the band to "modernize" their sound.[92] Drugs remained a problem with the band, particularly for Betts and Allman.[93] The band again grew apart, replacing Jaimoe with new guitarist Dan Toler's brother Frankie.[94] The band considered their post-reunion albums—Reach for the Sky (1980) and Brothers of the Road (1981)—"embarrassing", and subsequently broke up in 1982. "It was like a whole different band made those records ... In truth, though, I was just too drunk most of the time to care one way or the other", Allman would recall.[95]
Downtime, a surprise hit, and another reformation (1982–1990)
No two ways about it, the '80s were rough. ... It was seven years of going, 'What is it that I do?' Being self-employed your whole life, that becomes a certain rock, a reinforcement. When that's gone, not only are you bored stiff, but you just want to cry—'What do I do? I know I used to serve a purpose.'[96]
—Allman reflecting on his career in the 1980s
Allman spent much of the 1980s adrift and living in
By 1986, having grown tired of financial instability, Allman approached Betts for a co-headlining tour, a sort-of Allman Brothers reunion.
Reforming the band and breaking addictions (1991–2000)
The newly reformed Allman Brothers began touring heavily,[111] which helped build a new fan base: "We had to build a fan base all over again, but as word of mouth spread about how good the music was, more and more people took notice. It felt great, man, and that really helped the music", Allman recalled.[112] Neel left the group and the band added percussionist Marc Quiñones, formerly of Spyro Gyra, the following year.[113] They recorded two more studio albums—Shades of Two Worlds (1992) and Where It All Begins. In 1993 his youngest daughter Layla Brooklyn Allman was born while Gregg was living in Novato, California. When his relationship with Shelby Blackburn ended, Layla and Shelby moved back to Los Angeles. Allman's older daughter, Island, came to live with him in Novato, and despite early struggles, they eventually grew very close.[114] "Island is the love of my life, she really is", he would later write.[88] The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in January 1995; Allman was severely inebriated and could barely make it through his acceptance speech.[115] Seeing the ceremony broadcast on television later, Allman was mortified, providing a catalyst for his final, successful attempt to quit alcohol and substance abuse. He hired two in-home nurses that switched twelve-hour shifts to help him through the process.[116] He was immensely happy to finally quit alcohol, writing later in his autobiography: "Did I get any positive anything out of all that? And you've got to admit to yourself, no, I didn't. You can see what happened and that by the grace of God, you finally quit before it killed you."[116]
For much of the 1990s, Allman lived in
Later life
Touring and health problems (2000–2011)
Allman moved to Richmond Hill, Georgia, in 2000, purchasing five acres on the Belfast River.[128] The last incarnation of the Allman Brothers Band was well-regarded among fans and the general public, and remained stable and productive.[42] The band released their final studio album, Hittin' the Note (2003), to critical acclaim.[129] Allman co-wrote many songs on the record with Haynes, and he regarded it as his favorite album by the group since their earliest days. The band continued to tour throughout the 2000s, remaining a top touring act, regularly attracting more than 20,000 fans.[42] The decade closed with a successful fortieth anniversary celebration at the Beacon Theatre, where the band would hold residencies most years during their reunion.[130] In 2014, the Allman Brothers Band performed their final concerts, as Haynes and Derek Trucks desired to depart the group.[131][132]
Allman struggled with health problems during the last years of his life. He was diagnosed with
In 2011, Allman went public about his battle with hepatitis C. He headlined Merck and the American Liver Foundation's "Tune In to Hep C Campaign" to raise awareness and urge baby boomers to get tested and treated.[136] As part of Tune In to Hep C, The Allman Brothers Band headlined a hepatitis C fundraiser and awareness concert at the Beacon Theatre in New York. The concert raised $250,000 to benefit the National Viral Hepatitis Roundtable and the American Liver Foundation for education and awareness efforts.[137] The National Viral Hepatitis Roundtable in October 2017 created the Gregg Allman Hepatitis C Leadership Award – an annual award to posthumously honor Allman and others who work on behalf of people living with hepatitis C. Michael Lehman, Allman's longtime manager, accepted the award on his behalf.[138]
Allman's seventh album,
Final years and death (2012–2017)
After the dissolution of the Allman Brothers, Allman kept busy performing music with his solo band, releasing the live album Gregg Allman Live: Back to Macon, GA in 2015.[144] In 2016, he received an honorary doctorate from Mercer University in Macon, presented by former President Jimmy Carter.[145] However, his health problems remained; he had atrial fibrillation, and though he kept it private, his liver cancer had returned. "He kept it very private because he wanted to continue to play music until he couldn't", his manager Michael Lehman said.[146] He attempted to keep a light schedule at the advice of doctors, who warned that too many performances might amplify his conditions.[143] His last concert took place in Atlanta at his own Laid Back Festival along with ZZ Top at Lakewood Amphitheatre on October 29, 2016[147] (the 45th anniversary of his brother's death), and he continued to cancel concerts citing "serious health issues".[146] He denied reports that he had entered hospice care, but was resting at home on doctor's orders.[148]
Allman died at his home in Richmond Hill, Georgia, on May 27, 2017, due to complications from liver cancer[149][150] at the age of 69.[151] His funeral took place at Snow's Memorial Chapel in Macon on June 3, and was attended by once-estranged bandmate Dickey Betts, his ex-wife Cher, and former President Carter, among others. According to Rolling Stone, the mourners dressed casually in jeans per Allman's request, and "hundreds of fans, many wearing Allman Brothers shirts and listening to the band's music, lined the route along the funeral procession."[152] He was buried at Rose Hill Cemetery in Macon, beside his brother Duane, and fellow band member Berry Oakley.[153]
Before his death, Allman recorded his last album, Southern Blood, with producer Don Was at FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. The album was recorded with his then-current backing band.[154] The album was released on September 8, 2017,[155] and received critical acclaim.[156]
In My Cross to Bear, Allman reflected on his life and career:
Music is my life's blood. I love music, I love to play good music, and I love to play music for people who appreciate it. And when it's all said and done, I'll go to my grave and my brother will greet me, saying, "Nice work, little brother—you did alright." I must have said this a million times, but if I died today, I have had me a blast.[157]
Musical style and songwriting
Allman's style was rooted in rhythm and blues music. He characterized his work with the Allman Brothers Band as "playing some blues with some jazz mixed in."[158] He was introduced to blues music through musician and childhood friend Floyd Miles,[159] who later toured with Allman as a part of his solo band.[160] He also gave him advice on how to sing from his stomach, as opposed to his chest. Allman was inspired by "Little Milton" Campbell, who "inspired me all my life to get my voice crisper, get my diaphragm harder, use less air, and just spit it out. He taught me to be absolutely sure of every note you hit, and to hit it solid."[161] After his death, many outlets credited Allman as among the greatest white blues vocalists of his time.[162] Many close to Allman disputed this, with son Devon Allman commenting, "My dad didn't see color. ... I know people mean well when they say the best white blues singer, but I say take white off of there, because he was just one of the best ever. He just channeled so much feeling."[163] Jaimoe called the label "straight bullshit. He's a great blues singer. A great singer, period."[164] An editorial published in The Roanoke Times questioned that while Allman could rightfully be considered a cultural appropriator, "Is that not the nature of music, or art in general, that it borrows from different cultures to create something new?"[165] Likewise, a Newsweek tribute to Allman noted that "Ray Charles took grief for making a country and western album, too."[166]
As a songwriter, Allman wrote several famous songs, including "Whipping Post", "Melissa", and "Midnight Rider", which he dubbed the "song I'm most proud of in my career." He could be a very slow songwriter, writing only when inspiration struck. If the song was forced, he felt it could end up contrived. In My Cross to Bear, his 2012 memoir, he laid out his approach to songwriting: the first verse introduces a story, it is expounded upon in the second, and the third may serve as an epilogue.[167] Allman credited singer-songwriter John D. Loudermilk, whom he first met while touring with the Allman Joys, as an influence on his writing. "[He] taught me to let the song come to me, not to force it, not to put down a word just because it might rhyme or fit. He taught me to let the feeling come from your heart and go to your head."[168] Allman received the Songwriter Award from the Georgia Music Hall of Fame in the last year of his life.[169]
On October 28, 2021, Sony Music Publishing announced it had signed a global agreement with Gregg Allman's estate to administer its catalog of songs. The deal covered many of Allman's compositions from his time as a member of the Allman Brothers Band, as well as songs written throughout his solo career.[170]
Personal life
Allman was married seven times:
- He married Shelley Kay Jefts in 1971; they divorced the following year. They had a son, Devon.
- He married Janice Blair in 1973; they divorced in 1974. She is pictured on the sleeve of Laid Back.
- His most well-known relationship was with Cher, whom he married in 1975. They had a son, Elijah Blue, and divorced in 1978.
- He wed Julie Bindas in 1979; they had a daughter, Delilah Island, and divorced in 1981.
- He married Danielle Galiana in 1989; they divorced in 1994.
- His longest marriage was to Stacey Fountain, from 2001 to 2008—"seven out-of-sight years," he remarked.[171]
- In 2012, he announced his engagement to Shannon Williams, who was 40 years his junior.[172] They were quietly married in February 2017.[173]
In My Cross to Bear, he writes that "Every woman I've ever had a relationship with has loved me for who they thought I was."[174] At the time of its writing, he noted that he only spoke to two out of his then-six ex-wives, including Cher.[171]
Allman had five children, three with various wives and two with other women he had relationships with:
- son Michael Allman was born on July 3, 1966. He was raised in Daytona Beach, Florida. From his relationship with go-go dancer Mary Lynn Sutton.
- son Devon Allman (born 1972), lead singer of Honeytribe and The Allman Betts Band, from his marriage to Shelley Kay Jefts;
- son Elijah Blue Allman (born 1976), lead singer of Deadsy, from his marriage to Cher;
- daughter Delilah Island Allman (born 1980) from his marriage to Julie Bindas; and
- daughter Layla Brooklyn Allman (born 1993), lead singer of Picture Me Broken, from a relationship with radio journalist Shelby Blackburn[172]
Allman was averse to organized religion for many years, but claimed he always believed in a God.[175] Following his health ailments in the latter stages of his life, he came around to his own form of Christianity, and began wearing a cross necklace. In his memoir, he stated: "As long as you have spirituality, you're never alone. It's sort of like my mother said all those years ago: now I have my own kind of faith, just like other people. They take what they want of faith, and they leave the rest alone, and I do the same. That's the way it should be." He credited his sixth wife, Stacey Fountain, with helping him increase his faith.[171]
Discography
Studio
- Laid Back (1973)
- Playin' Up a Storm (1977)
- Two the Hard Way (1977) (with Cher)
- I'm No Angel (1987)
- Just Before the Bullets Fly (1988)
- Searching for Simplicity (1997)
- Low Country Blues (2011)
- Southern Blood (2017)
Live
- The Gregg Allman Tour (1974)
- Gregg Allman Live: Back to Macon, GA (2015)
Filmography
Film
Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1989 | Rush Week | Cosmo Kincald | ||
1991 | Rush | Will Gaines |
Television
Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1975 | Cher | Himself | ||
1990 | Superboy | Samuels | Episode: "Carnival" | |
1992 | Tales from the Crypt | Toland | Episode: "On a Deadman's Chest" | |
2000 | Family Guy | Himself | Episode: " Let's Go to the Hop "
|
See also
References
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- Lewis, Andy (April 30, 2012). "My Cross to Bear". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- Morris, Chris (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Southern Rock Pioneer, Dies at 69". Variety. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- Gehr, Richard (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Southern Rock Pioneer, Dead at 69". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- ^ "Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Singers of All Time". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on July 3, 2009.
- ^ a b Allman & Light 2012, pp. 9–12.
- ^ a b Lewis, Andy (May 16, 2012). "BOOK REVIEW: 'My Cross to Bear' by Gregg Allman With Alan Light". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Ollison, Rashod (June 1, 2017). "The night Gregg Allman's dad died in Norfolk". The Virginian Pilot. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017.
- ^ Poe 2008, p. 4.
- ^ a b c Crowe, Cameron (December 6, 1973). "The Allman Brothers Story". Rolling Stone. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 14.
- ^ a b Hersh, Allison (August 2007). "At Home With Gregg Allman". Southern Living. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 16.
- ^ Poe 2008, p. 8.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 31.
- ^ a b Poe 2008, p. 10.
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- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 41.
- ^ Poe 2008, p. 28.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 42.
- ^ a b Allman & Light 2012, p. 63.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 46.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 49.
- ^ Poe 2008, p. 21.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 50.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 61.
- AL.com. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Moon, Troy (November 1, 2009). "'Florida Rocks Again!'". Pensacola News Journal. Archived from the original on December 5, 2009.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 66.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 70.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 72.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 73.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 77.
- ^ Jim Beviglia (May 30, 2017). "The Allman Brothers Band, "Melissa"". American Songwriter. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
- ^ Poe 2008, p. 41.
- ^ a b Allman & Light 2012, p. 81.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 91.
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- ^ Paul 2014, p. 117.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 124.
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- ^ Paul 2014, p. 147.
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- ^ Paul 2014, p. 156.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 196.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 197.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 198.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, pp. 200–02.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 162.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 204.
- ^ a b Allman & Light 2012, p. 210.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 175.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 185.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 189.
- ^ a b c Eder, Bruce. "Gregg Allman – All Music Guide". AllMusic. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 216.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 241.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 211.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 230.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 261.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 244.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 234.
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- ^ Paul 2014, p. 236.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 262.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 30.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 268.
- ^ a b c Paul 2014, p. 237.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 245.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 277.
- ^ Gruber, Ruth (November 16, 1977). "Gregg and Cher are singing together". United Press International.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 280.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 281.
- ISBN 0-688-09822-3. p. 118.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, pp. 282–83.
- ^ a b Allman & Light 2012, p. 284.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 285.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 246.
- ^ a b Paul 2014, p. 247.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 249.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 251.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 256.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, pp. 295–96.
- ^ a b c Allman & Light 2012, p. 304.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 302.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 296.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 298.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 303.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 300.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 305.
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- ISBN 978-1-135-93961-8.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 310.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 323.
- ^ a b Paul 2014, p. 269.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 277.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 280.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 294.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 317.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 290.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 324.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 318.
- ^ a b Allman & Light 2012, p. 330.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 325.
- ^ Ray Hogan (November 23, 1997). "Gregg Allman: Searching for Simplicity". Daily Advocate. Stamford, Connecticut. p. D1–D6.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 312.
- ^ a b Paul 2014, p. 323.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 326.
- ^ a b Paul 2014, p. 344.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 331.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 333.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 342.
- ^ a b Paul 2014, p. 359.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 341.
- ^ a b DeYoung, Bill (January 17, 2012). "Beating back the blues". Connect Savannah. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Serpick, Evan (2001). The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1136 pp. First edition, 2001.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 379.
- ^ Doyle, Patrick (January 8, 2014). "Warren Haynes and Derek Trucks Leaving Allman Brothers Band" Archived June 25, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Rolling Stone. Retrieved March 8, 2014.
- ^ "The Allman Brothers Band bids farewell to stage". CBS News. October 28, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 346.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 347.
- ^ "Gregg Allman undergoes successful liver transplant". Cleveland.com. June 24, 2010. Retrieved May 28, 2017 – via Associated Press.
- ^ Sharon Tanenbaum, "Gregg Allman: Living With Chronic Hepatitis C", "Everyday Health", December 13, 2011
- ^ American Liver Foundation Press Release "Tune In to Hep C Benefit Concert Raises Over $250,000 for Community-Based Groups Supporting People with Chronic Hepatitis C", American Liver Foundation, July 28, 2011
- ^ News via Gregg Allman's Official Website, "Gregg to be honored with Memorial Advocacy Award", GreggAllman.com, October 19, 2017
- ^ "Gregg Allman – Chart History: Billboard 200". Billboard. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 356.
- ^ Paul 2014, p. 392.
- ^ Elias, Paty (May 14, 2012). "Exclusive Interview with Gregg Allman on his new book, 'My Cross to Bear'". Los Angeles Daily News. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ a b Ives, Brian (May 7, 2014). "Interview: Gregg Allman on His New Diet, 'All My Friends,' and the Future of The Allmans". Radio.com. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Paul, Alan (July 29, 2015). "Gregg Allman Plans His Solo Future". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
- ^ Vejnoska, Jill (May 16, 2016). "Jimmy Carter helps give Gregg Allman honorary degree". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
- ^ a b Russ Bynum and Kristin M. Hall (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Southern rock trailblazer who led Allman Brothers Band, dies at 69". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- ^ Sweeting, Adam (May 28, 2017). "Gregg Allman obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved July 14, 2017.
- ^ Aswad, Jem (April 24, 2017). "Gregg Allman Has Not Entered Hospice Care, Manager Insists". Variety. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
- ^ Morris, Chris (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Southern Rock Pioneer, Dies at 69". Variety. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- ^ Gehr, Richard (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Southern Rock Pioneer, Dead at 69". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- ^ Wilker, Deborah (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Soulful Trailblazer of Southern Rock, Dies at 69". Billboard. Retrieved May 27, 2017.
- ^ Daniel Kreps (June 3, 2017). "Gregg Allman Laid to Rest at Macon Funeral". Rolling Stone. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
- ^ Brandon Griggs (May 27, 2017). "Music legend Gregg Allman dies at 69". CNN. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
- The Aquarian. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
- ^ Knopper, Steve (September 6, 2017). "Review: Gregg Allman says goodbye with heart and spirit". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 11, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
- CBS Interactive. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 378.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 181.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 417.
- Allmusic. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, pp. 47–48.
- ^ Sources crediting Allman as a "white blues singer":
- Jon Bream (May 30, 2017). "Music critic reflects on 40-some years of being hooked on Gregg Allman". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
I always thought of Gregg Allman, who died Saturday at age 69, as the best white blues vocalist.
- Dan Rys (May 27, 2017). "The 20 Greatest Allman Brothers Band Songs: Critic's Picks". Billboard. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
Gregg Allman has earned his rightful respect as one of the most soulful white blues-soul singers of his generation.
- Alan Paul (May 27, 2017). "Gregg Allman, Singer and Songwriter Most Well Known for the Allman Brothers Band, Dies". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
Often called the greatest white blues singer ...
- Jon Bream (May 30, 2017). "Music critic reflects on 40-some years of being hooked on Gregg Allman". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Gary Graff (May 30, 2017). "Gregg Allman's Son Devon on His Dad's Legacy, Possible Birthday Concert: 'His Music Will Last Forever'". Billboard. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Alan Paul (June 2, 2017). "Allman Brothers Drummer Jaimoe Remembers Gregg Allman's Many Talents". Rolling Stone. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ "Editorial: Gregg Allman and the virtues of cultural appropriation". The Roanoke Times. June 2, 2017. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Matthew Cooper (May 28, 2017). "Gregg Allman: Southern Pride Without the Confederacy". Newsweek. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, pp. 152–53.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 68.
- ^ Melissa Ruggieri (June 3, 2016). "Drivin' N' Cryin', Gregg Allman, Sam Moore set to be inducted into Georgia Music Hall of Fame". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^ Publishing, Sony Music. "Sony Music Publishing Signs Global Deal to Administer Gregg Allman Catalog". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved January 4, 2022.
- ^ a b c Allman & Light 2012, pp. 366–67.
- ^ a b "Gregg Allman, 64, engaged to 24-year-old woman". Los Angeles: ABC7. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
- ^ Jem Aswad (May 29, 2017). "Gregg Allman's Longtime Manager Recalls the Singer's Final Days and Their Career Together (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
- ^ Allman & Light 2012, p. 229.
- ^ Talbott, Chris (May 7, 2012). "Love, family, drugs: Gregg Allman tells it all". Associated Press. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
- Sources
- Allman, Gregg; Light, Alan (2012). My Cross to Bear. William Morrow. ISBN 978-0-06-211203-3.
- Paul, Alan (2014). One Way Out: The Inside History of the Allman Brothers Band. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-250-04049-7.
- Poe, Randy (2008). Skydog: The Duane Allman Story. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-939-8.
Further reading
- Allman, Galadrielle (2014). Please Be with Me: A Song for My Father, Duane Allman. New York: Spiegel & Grau. ISBN 978-1-4000-6894-4.