Growth factor receptor

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A growth factor receptor is a

ligands
that bind to the receptor are the initial step to activating the growth factor receptors and tells the cell to grow and/or divide.

These receptors may use the

MAP kinase, and PI3 kinase pathways.[2]

A majority of growth factor receptors consists of

extracellular, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic.[4] The extracellular domain region is where a ligand may bind, usually with very high specificity.[5] In RTKs, the binding of a ligand to the extracellular ligand binding site leads to the autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the intracellular domain.[6] These phosphorylations allow for other intracellular proteins to bind to with the phosphotyrosine-binding domain which results in a series of physiological responses within the cell.[6]

Medical Relevance

Research in today’s society focus on growth factor receptors in order to pinpoint cancer treatment. Epidermal growth factor receptors are involved heavily with oncogene activity.[7] Once growth factors bind to their receptor, a signal transduction pathway occurs within the cell to ensure the cell is working. However, in cancerous cells, the pathway might never turn on or turn off.[7] Furthermore, in certain cancers, receptors (such as RTKs) are often observed to be overexpressed, which corresponds to the uncontrolled proliferation and differentiation of cells.[8] For this same reason, tyrosine receptors are often a target for cancer therapy.[8]

References

  1. ^ Growth+Factor+Receptors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  2. ISBN 978-1-4051-3649-5
    . Retrieved 28 November 2010.
  3. PMID 9566117
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-12-370458-0
    , retrieved 2020-04-29
  5. PMID 25081535
    , retrieved 2020-04-29
  6. ^
    PMID 32114309
    .
  7. ^
    PMID 23986907
    .
  8. ^
    PMID 15094157
    .
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