Gruimorphae

Gruimorphae; Temporal range: Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Possibly an earlier origin based on molecular clock
	Piping plover (Charadrius melodus)
	Water rail (Rallus aquaticus)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Ornithurae
Class:	Aves
Infraclass:	Neognathae
Clade:	Neoaves
Clade:	Gruimorphae; Bonaparte, 1854
Orders
	Charadriiformes; Gruiformes;
Synonyms
	Charadriimorphae; Gruicharadriae;

Gruimorphae

Early Eocene of North America

. [9]

The relationship between these birds is due to similar anatomical and behavioral characteristics. A morphological study went further to suggest that the gruiforms might be paraphyletic in respect to the

rails being closely related to the buttonquails.^[10]^[11]

References

^ Mourer-Chaviré C. (1995) The Messelornithidae (Aves: Gruiformes) from the Paleogene of France. - Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, 181: 95-105
ISBN 978-1-119-02076-9
.

^
PMID 32781465
.

^ "TiF Checklist: GRUAE I: Opisthocomiformes & Gruiformes". www.jboyd.net. Retrieved 10 April 2018.

PMID 25504713
.

^ Huxley T.H. On the classification of birds; and on the taxonomic value of the modifications of certain of the cranial bones observable in that class. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1867;1867:415–472.

^ Lowe P.R. An anatomical review of the ‘waders’ (Telmatomorphæ), with special reference to the families, subfamilies, and genera within the suborders Limicolæ, Grui-Limicolæ and Lari-Limicolæ. Ibis. 1931b; 73: 712–771

^ Lowe P.R. On the relations of the Gruimorphæ to the Charadriimorphæ and Rallimorphæ, with special reference to the taxonomic position of Rostratulidæ, Jacanidæ, and Burhinidæ. Ibis. 1931a; 73: 491–534

doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.559929
.

PMID 18784798
.

^ "Neognathia". www.helsinki.fi. Retrieved 10 April 2018.

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[Mourer-Chaviré1995-1] Mourer-Chaviré C. (1995) The Messelornithidae (Aves: Gruiformes) from the Paleogene of France. - Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, 181: 95-105

[2] ISBN 978-1-119-02076-9
.

[Kuhletal2020-3] 
PMID 32781465
.

[4] "TiF Checklist: GRUAE I: Opisthocomiformes & Gruiformes". www.jboyd.net. Retrieved 10 April 2018.

[Jarvis2014-5] PMID 25504713
.

[6] Huxley T.H. On the classification of birds; and on the taxonomic value of the modifications of certain of the cranial bones observable in that class. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1867;1867:415–472.

[7] Lowe P.R. An anatomical review of the ‘waders’ (Telmatomorphæ), with special reference to the families, subfamilies, and genera within the suborders Limicolæ, Grui-Limicolæ and Lari-Limicolæ. Ibis. 1931b; 73: 712–771

[8] Lowe P.R. On the relations of the Gruimorphæ to the Charadriimorphæ and Rallimorphæ, with special reference to the taxonomic position of Rostratulidæ, Jacanidæ, and Burhinidæ. Ibis. 1931a; 73: 491–534

[MussClar20-9] doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.559929
.

[Livezey&Zusi2007-10] PMID 18784798
.

[11] "Neognathia". www.helsinki.fi. Retrieved 10 April 2018.

[3]

[10]

[11]