Grupo Cine Liberación

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The Grupo Cine Liberación ("The Liberation Film Group") was an

Argentine film movement that took place during the end of the 1960s. It was founded by Fernando Solanas, Octavio Getino and Gerardo Vallejo
. The idea of the group was to give rise to historical, testimonial and film-act cinema, to contribute to the debate and offer an open space for dialogue and freedom of expression that was illegal at that time. With strong anti-imperialist ideas, he harshly criticized Peronism and neocolonialism.[1] In the subsequent years other films directors (grupo Realizadores de Mayo, Enrique and Nemesio Juárez, Pablo Szir, etc.) revolved around the active core of the Cine Liberación group.[2][3]

Along with

auteur film, deciding to engage itself more explicitly in the social and political movements.[4]

From his exile in

documentaries that were to be done with him (La Revolución Justicialista and Actualización política y doctrinaria).[4]

The

CGT de los Argentinos
(CGTA) trade-union, was also close to this movement.

Theory and practice

One of the principles of the Grupo Cine Liberación was to produce

disappeared" during the dictatorship.[6]

Both Grupo Cine Liberación and Grupo Cine de la Base were especially concerned with

violence as one of the alternative possible means against hegemonic power.[6]

La Hora de los hornos (1968)

In 1968, the Cuban film director

foreign imperialism in South America. The title of the film itself comes from a writing by 19th Century Cuban poet and independence leader José Martí
, who proclaimed, in an eponymous manifest, the need to start the independence war against Spain again.

Among the other subjects explored in this film were the

Dictator Novel genre. The movie was diffused only in alternative circuits, both by choice and by censorship obligations.[6]

Ya es tiempo de violencia (1969)

In 1969, the film director Enrique Juárez thus anonymously produced Ya es tiempo de violencia (Now is the Time for Violence), mainly concerned with the events of the May 1969 Cordobazo riots and the assassination of the trade-unionist Augusto Vandor on 30 June 1969.[7] Other images included those of the massive funerals of Emilio Jáuregui, another trade-unionist shelled three days before Vandor's death during a demonstration in protest of Nelson Rockefeller's (owner of Miramax there) arrival to Argentina.[7]

The film, entirely made clandestinely, criticized

1976 coup d'état and the "Dirty War," but a copy of it was in fact stored by the Cuban film institute Icaic.[7] In 2007, the film was brought back to Buenos Aires by Fernando Krichmar, a member of the Grupo Cine Insurgente (Insurgent Cine Group), and Aprocinain (Asociación para el Apoyo Patrimonial Audiovisual y la Cinemateca Nacional) made another copy of it to insure its preservation.[7]

In this film documentary, Enrique Juárez used a multiplicity of

Peronist activist, among others) against censorship exerted by the hegemonic discourse[5] – the voices are in fact those of Juárez himself, the actor Héctor Alterio
, etc.

The film itself was almost exclusively composed from media images, with the editing used to contradict the official discourse by using contradictory voices and images (i.e. a civil servant of Juan Carlos Onganía's dictatorship states that everything is well, contradicted by images showing the Cordobazo riots). Furthermore, the voice-over often address itself directly to the spectator, urging him to take action.[5]

El Camino hacia la muerte del viejo Reales (1968)

El Camino hacia la muerte del viejo Reales was mainly produced by

Juan Peron's after his return in 1973 to Argentina.[3] Vallejo returned from exile after Peron's return, but he was again forced into exile after a bomb planted by the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance exploded in his home in December 1974.[3]

Films

See also

References

  1. ^ "Entrevista a Pino Solanas". Archived from the original on 21 December 2021.
  2. ^ Muere Gerardo Vallejo, fundador de Grupo Cine Liberación Archived 19 May 2014 at archive.today, Noticias de Cine Social, 8 February 2007 (in Spanish)
  3. ^
    Pagina 12
    , 7 February 2007 (in Spanish)
  4. ^
    Pagina 12
    , 20 October 2004 (in Spanish)
  5. ^
    Pagina 12
    , 25 August 2007 (in Spanish)
  6. ^ a b c Entrevista con Alfredo Marino, by Jairo Straccia, Segundo Enfoque, May 2003 (in Spanish)
  7. ^
    Pagina 12
    , 25 August 2007 (in Spanish)

External links

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