Guillaume Durand

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17th-century depiction of Durand

Guillaume Durand, or William Durand (c. 1230 – 1 November 1296), also known as Durandus, Duranti or Durantis, from the Italian form of Durandi filius, as he sometimes signed himself, was a French

Bishop of Mende
.

Coat of arms

Life

Durand was born at Puimisson, near

Ghibellines, Durand successfully defended the papal territories, both by diplomacy and by arms. Pope Honorius IV retained him in his offices, and although elected bishop of Mende in 1286, he remained in Italy until 1291. In 1293 he created a rite for all those who were taking up the cross to participate in the crusades, “to go in aid of the Holy Land”.[1] In September 1294 he was present at Orleans at the Provincial Council presided over by Simon, Bishop of Bourges.[2] In 1295 he refused the archbishopric of Ravenna, offered him by Pope Boniface VIII, but accepted the task of pacifying his former provinces of Romagna and the March of Ancona.[3] In 1296 he withdrew to Rome, where he died. His tomb is in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva
.

Durand's nephew, also called Guillaume Durand, was also a canonist. Guillaume Durand the Younger, a later bishop of Mende, was an advocate of ecclesiastical reform at the Council of Vienne.

Important works

Durand's principal work is the

Giovanni Andrea (in 1346), and by Baldus. In 1306 Cardinal Béranger drew up an alphabetic table of its contents (Inventorium). There are many manuscripts of the Speculum, and several printed editions, of which the most usual is that of Turin in 1578 in 2 volumes, containing all additions – among them those by Giovanni d'Andrea
– and tables. This edition was reproduced at Frankfurt in 1612 and 1668.

Another important work by Durand was the Rationale divinorum officiorum, a liturgical treatise written in Italy before 1286, on the origin and symbolic sense of Christian ritual. It presents a picture of the liturgy of the 13th century in the West, studied in its various forms, its traditional sources, and its relation to the church buildings and furniture. It long served as a major authority on medieval Latin liturgy and ran through various editions from its first printing in 1459.[4] The other important works of Durand comprise:

  • Repertorium iuris canonici (Breviarium aureum), a collection of citations from canonists on questions of controversy, often published along with the Speculum
  • Commentarius in sacrosanctum Lugdunense concilium (ed. Fano, 1569), of especial value owing to Durand's part in drawing up the council's constitutions, and inserted by Pope Boniface VIII in the Sextus.

References

  1. ^ Gaposchkin, Cecilia (2013). “From Pilgrimage to Crusade: The Liturgy of Departure, 1095–1300.” (vol. 88, no. 1 ed.). JSTOR: Speculum. Retrieved Oct 2, 2022.
  2. ^ Martène, Edmond; Durand, Ursine (1717). Thesaurus novus anecdotorum (in Latin). Paris: Sumptibus Florentini Delaulne. pp. 213–217.
  3. ^ In June 1296 he was serving as Rector of the Marches of Ancona and Romandiola, of the City of Bologna, and the County of Spoleto: Fantuzzi, Marco (1802). Monumenti ravennati de' secoli di mezzo per la maggior parte inediti (in Italian and Latin). Vol. Tomo III. Venezia. pp. 170–171.
  4. ^ Durand, Guillaume; Thibodeau, T.M. (2007). The rationale divinorum officiorum of william durand of mende : (a new translation of the prologue and book one). New York: Columbia University Press: Columbia University Press. Retrieved October 7, 2022.

Bibliography

On the elder Durand, see:

On the nephew, see:

Further reading

External links