Guillermo Billinghurst
This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2014) |
Guillermo Billinghurst | |
---|---|
President of the Senate | |
In office 28 July 1896 – 28 July 1897 | |
Preceded by | Manuel Pablo Olaechea |
Succeeded by | Manuel Candamo |
First Vice President of Peru | |
In office 8 September 1895 – 8 September 1899 | |
President | Nicolás de Piérola |
Preceded by | Vacant (Last held by César Canevaro in 1895) |
Succeeded by | Isaac Alzamora |
Senator from Tacna | |
In office 28 July 1895 – 28 July 1899 | |
Preceded by | Manuel Pablo Olaechea |
Succeeded by | Manuel Candamo |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
In office 28 July 1878 – 28 July 1880 | |
Constituency | Tarapacá Province |
Personal details | |
Born | Guillermo Enrique Billinghurst Angulo 27 July 1851 Entrepreneur |
Guillermo Enrique Billinghurst Angulo (27 July 1851,
During his presidency, Billinghurst became embroiled in an increasingly bitter series of conflicts with Congress, a liberal, he proposed and attempted to pass an advanced social legislation in favour of the working-classes. This was blocked by the conservative and oligarchic factions in the Peruvian Congress, whereupon Billinghurst attempted to call fresh elections. Whereupon these same Conservative factions now called upon the Peruvian military led by Óscar R. Benavides, to carry out a coup. As a result of the coup, which resulted in Benavides becoming President, Billinghurst was sent into exile in Chile where he died shortly thereafter.
Member of the Civilista Party
This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2024) |
Born to wealthy, upper class parents, of English paternal descent, and raised in comfortable circumstances, Billinghurst belonged to the Civilistas group, which were then considered the architects of unprecedented political stability and economic growth in the country, but they also set in motion profound social changes that would, in time, alter the political panorama of Peru.
During his presidency, Billinghurst became embroiled in an increasingly bitter series of conflicts with Congress, ranging from proposed advanced social legislation to settlement of the
As First
Billinghurst served as
1912 elections
The elections of 1912 were the most passionate ones of the so-called Aristocratic Republic (a term coined by Peruvians referring to those in power that were mostly from the social elite of the country). The Civilist Party rallied behind the candidacy of Antero Aspíllaga, one of the most prominent and conservative members of the Party. His opponents accused him of being a Chilean-born Peruvian unfit for office.
The Civilistas, however, were unable to manage the new social forces that their policies unleashed. This first became apparent in 1912 when the millionaire businessman Guillermo Billinghurst-–the reform-minded, populist former mayor of Lima-–was able to organize a general strike to block the election of the official Civilista presidential candidate and force his own election by Congress.[3]
Presidency
This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2024) |
One of the main accomplishments of the Billinghurst administration was the establishment of important legislation that guaranteed the Eight-hour day in Peru. When Congress opened impeachment hearings against Billinghurst in 1914, he threatened to arm the workers and forcibly dissolve Congress.
Billinghurst was overthrown on 4 February 1914, in a military coup headed by colonel
Later in exile, Billingshurst declared: "The young Prado, in an extense and pathetic speech, gave me the details and motives behind the coup: All of them (the mutineerered) recognised my patriotism, integrity and my capability to handle the government. However, the only and most serious mistake that I made was the course that my internal politics was doing to the country and, finally, I think the sons of former president Prado must «clean his fathers memory»."
See also
References
- ^ Abog. Freddy Ronald Centurión González. "LA INSTITUCIÓN DE LA VICEPRESIDENCIA DE LA REPÚBLICA EN LA CONSTITUCIÓN PERUANA" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "Guillermo Eduardo Billinghurst Angulo profile". congreso.gob.pe. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ^ "Peru's Ex-President Dies" (PDF). The New York Times. 29 June 1915.