Gun data computer

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The gun data computer was a series of

anti-aircraft artillery applications. For antiaircraft applications they were used in conjunction with a director
computer.

Variations

FADAC M18
TACFIRE Communications Terminal Box
  • M1: This was used by seacoast artillery for major-caliber seacoast guns. It computed continuous firing data for a battery of two guns that were separated by not more than 1,000 feet (300 m). It utilised the same type of input data furnished by a range section with the then-current (1940) types of position-finding and fire-control equipment.
  • M3: This was used in conjunction with the M9 and M10 directors to compute all required firing data, i.e. azimuth, elevation and fuze time. The computations were made continuously, so that the gun was at all times correctly pointed and the fuze correctly timed for firing at any instant. The computer was mounted in the M13 or M14 director trailer.
  • M4: This was identical to the M3 except for some mechanisms and parts which were altered to allow for different ammunition being used.
  • M8: This was an electronic computer (using vacuum tube technology) built by Bell Labs and used by coast artillery with medium-caliber guns (up to 8 inches or 200 millimetres). It made the following corrections: wind, drift, Earth's rotation, muzzle velocity, air density, height of site and spot corrections.
  • M9: This was identical to the M8 except for some mechanisms and parts which were altered to accommodate anti-aircraft ammunition and guns.
  • M10: A ballistics computer, part of the M38 fire control system, for
    Skysweeper
    anti-aircraft guns.
  • M13: A ballistics computer for
    M48 tanks
    .
  • M14: A ballistics computer for M103 heavy tanks.
  • M15: A part of the M35 field artillery fire-control system, which included the M1 gunnery officer console and M27 power supply.
  • M16: A ballistics computer for
    M60A1
    tanks.
  • M18: FADAC (Field Artillery Digital Automatic Computer),
    semiconductor-based digital electronics
    field-artillery computer.
  • M19: A ballistics computer for
    M60A2
    tanks.
  • M21: A ballistics computer for
    M60A3
    tanks.
  • M23: A mortar ballistics computer.
  • M26: A fire-control computer for
    AH-1 Cobra
    helicopters, (AH-1F).
  • M31: A mortar ballistics computer.
  • M32: A mortar ballistics computer, (handheld).
  • M1: A ballistics computer for M1 Abrams main battle tanks.

Systems

AN/GSG-10 TACFIRE

The last TACFIRE fielding was completed during 1987. Replacement of TACFIRE equipment began during 1994.

TACFIRE used the AN/GYK-12, a second-generation mainframe computer developed primarily by Litton Industries for Army Divisional Field Artillery (DIVARTY) units. It had two configurations, division and battalion level, housed in mobile command shelters. Field Artillery Brigades also use the division configuration.

Components of the system were identified using acronyms:

  • CPU (central processing unit)
  • IOU (input/output unit)
  • MCMU (mass
    core memory
    unit)
  • DDT (digital data terminal)
  • MTU (magnetic tape unit)
  • PCG (power converter group)
  • ELP (electronic line printer)
  • DPM( digital plotter map)
  • ACC (artillery control console)
  • RCMU (remote control monitoring unit)

The successor to the TACFIRE system is the

Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System
(AFATDS).

  • The AFATDS is the "Fires XXI" computer system for both tactical and technical fire control. It replaced both BCS (for technical fire solutions) and IFSAS/L-TACFIRE (for tactical fire control) systems in U.S. Field Artillery organizations, as well as in maneuver fire support elements at the battalion level and higher. As of 2009, the U.S. Army was transitioning from a version based on a Sun Microsystems SPARC computer running the Linux kernel to a version based on laptop computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system.

Surviving examples

One reason for a lack of surviving examples of early units was the use of radium on the dials. As a result they were classified as hazardous waste and were disposed of by the United States Department of Energy. Currently there is one surviving example of FADAC at the Fort Sill artillery museum.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ Kempf, Karl (November 1961). "CHAPTER VI -- COMPUTERS FOR SOLVING GUNNERY PROBLEMS". Electronic Computers Within The Ordnance Corps, Computers for Solving Gunnery Problems.
  2. hdl:2027/mdp.35112202783561
    .
  3. ^ Lieutenant Albert R. Milavec. "On FADAC Maintenance". p. 32 of "Artillery Trends" May 1968. "The FADAC is an all-transistorized, stored-program, general purpose digital computer ... Weighing approximately 200 pounds ... the FADAC components utilize approximately 1,600 transistors, 9,000 diodes, 6,000 resistors, 500 capacitors, and many other switches, transformers, and neon lamps."
  4. ^ Department of Defense appropriations for 1965, pt.3, p. 283.
  5. ^ "Field Artillery Digital Automatic Computer". p. 254 of Martin H. Weik. "A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems". 1961.
  6. ^ Datamation. F.D. Thompson Publications. January 1964. p. 61.
  7. ^ "The United States Army | Fires Bulletin". sill-www.army.mil. "First Round Hits" With FADAC. September 1960. p. 9. Retrieved 2018-03-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  8. ^ "U.S. Army Field Artillery Museum - Home".

External links

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