George XI of Kartli
| George XI | |
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| Khelrtva |  |
George XI (
Life
He was the son of
When nearly half-century-long peaceful relations between Kartli and its Persian suzerains significantly deteriorated. George attempted to centralise loose royal authority in Kartli and weaken the Persian influence. He patronised
In 1688, George headed an abortive coup against a Persian governor of the neighboring Georgian region of
George, aided by his brother
A punitive expedition into the Afghan lands led by George's nephew, Kay Khusrau, ended in October 1711 disastrously with his death and the destruction of nearly his entire force of 30,000.[5]
Family and children
George XI was married twice. He married first Tamar, daughter of Prince David Davitishvili in 1676. She died on 4 December 1683, having mothered two children:
- Prince Bagrat (died 1692/94), who was sent to the shah as a political hostage and died at Herat;
- Princess Mariam (died 1715), who married in 1687 David Kvenipniveli, Duke of Ksani Duchy of Ksani and had nine children.
George XI married his second wife Khoreshan (died 24 February 1695), daughter of Prince Giorgi Mikeladze, at Kojori in 1687. They had a daughter.
- Princess Rodam of Kartli (d. 1730)
See also
- List of the Kings of Georgia
- Iranian Georgians
- History of Georgia
References
- ^ Nadir Shah and the Afsharid Legacy, The Cambridge history of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic, Ed. Peter Avery, William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly and Charles Melville, (Cambridge University Press, 1991), 11.
- ^ Thomas De Waal. The Caucasus: An Introduction. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2010, 22-23;"Under Iranian Safavids, Georgian monarchs converted to Islam...in a rather nominal fashion, while the rest of society remained Christian.".
- ^ "Afghanland – Mirwais Khan Hotaki". Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
- ^ Nancy Hatch Dupree at American University of Afghanistan, An Historical Guide to Afghanistan, Mir Wais Hotak (1709–1715)
- ^ Packard Humanities Institute – Persian Literature in Translation – Chapter IV: An Outline Of The History Of Persia During The Last Two Centuries (A.D. 1722–1922)...Link
Further reading
- Rudi Matthee's biography Archived 2011-12-29 at the Wayback Machine of Gorgin Khan in Encyclopædia Iranica
- Martin Sicker, The Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire (Hardcover) (2000), Praeger/Greenwood, ISBN 0-275-96891-X, page 44
- The Cambridge History of Iran: Volume 6, the Timurid and Safavid Periods, edited by Peter Jackson, Stanley I Grossman, Laurence Lockhart: Reissue edition (1986), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-20094-6, page 315
- Willem Vogelsang, The Afghans (2001), Blackwell Publishing ISBN 0-631-19841-5
- (in English) Political history of Georgia 1658–1703, excerpt from David Marshall Lang, The Last years of the Georgian Monarchy, 1658–1832
External links
