Gus Dorais
Biographical details | |
---|---|
Born | Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, U.S. | July 2, 1891
Died | January 3, 1954 Southfield, Michigan, U.S. | (aged 62)
Playing career | |
Football | |
1910–1913 | Notre Dame |
1915 | Massillon Tigers |
1916 | Fort Wayne Friars |
1918–1919 | Massillon Tigers |
Position(s) | Detroit |
Baseball | |
1919–1920 | Notre Dame |
1921–1925 | Gonzaga |
Administrative career (AD unless noted) | |
1920–1925 | Gonzaga |
Head coaching record | |
Overall | 150–70–12 (college football) 20–31–2 (NFL) 93–113 (college basketball) 41–31–1 (college baseball) |
Bowls | 0–1 |
Accomplishments and honors | |
Awards | |
| |
College Football Hall of Fame Inducted in 1954 (profile) |
Charles Emile "Gus" Dorais (July 2, 1891 – January 3, 1954) was an American football player, coach, and athletic administrator.[1][2][3]
Dorais played
Early years
Dorais was born in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, in 1891. He was the son of David Dorais, a native of Quebec, and Malvina (Murphy) Dorais, a Wisconsin native sometimes referred to as Mary. When Dorais was a child, his parents separated. According to one account, the father abandoned the family.[4] According to another, the mother left the father.[5] Dorais remained with his mother, who took in laundry, worked as a midwife, and did odd jobs to support her children.[4] Dorais' father moved to Montana where he worked in the mines and died of acute alcoholism in a Butte boarding house in November 1911 (one month before his son was elected captain of the Notre Dame football team).[5][6]
Dorais attended Chippewa Falls High School and was captain of the school's 1909 football team that won the state championship.[7]
Football player
Notre Dame
Dorais enrolled at the University of Notre Dame in the summer of 1910 at 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) and 145 lb (66 kg).[2] As a freshman, he was the quarterback on the Fighting Irish second team and became "the star performer, dodging in a way that showed up many of the first team men."[8]
As a sophomore, Dorais was the starting quarterback on the 1911 Notre Dame football team that compiled a 6–0–2 record. He was rated as "the star" of the 1911 team, winning praise for his tackling on defense.[9] At the team banquet following the 1911 season, Dorais was elected by his teammates as the captain of the 1912 team.[10]
As captain and starting quarterback, Dorais led the 1912 team to a 7–0 record, the first perfect season in Notre Dame history. The team outscored opponents, 389 to 27, including a 116–7 victory over
During the summer before his senior season, Dorais and his teammate
Dorais and Rockne, along with fullback Ray Eichenlaub, led the 1913 Notre Dame team to a 7–0, the team's third consecutive undefeated season with Dorais at quarterback. The 1913 outscored opponents by a margin of 268 to 41. Dorais shone for Notre Dame in multiple roles in 1913, as a dual threat quarterback on offense and as a defender, punter, placekicker, and punt returner. The Chicago Examiner wrote: "Dorais is a great general, a sure catcher of punts, a fast and elusive runner, a great punter and a field goal kicker."[13] His greatest acclaim came for his passing performance (14 of 17 for 243 yards and three touchdowns) in a 35–13 victory over undefeated Army at West Point, New York on November 1. Dorais' performance against Army has been credited with popularizing the modern passing game.
At the end of the season, Dorais was selected as a first-team All-American by Frank G. Menke of the International News Service,[14] the Milwaukee Free Press,[15] Tom Thorp,[16][17] and the Trenton Evening-Times.[18] He was the first consensus All-American in Notre Dame history.[19]
Vanity Fair in 1913 praised Dorais' versatility: "Dorais is not only a sure catcher of punts, but he is also a master of the forward pass, a sure tackler, a good punter, an open-field runner with few equals, and altogether able to meet any emergencies of his position."[20] Notre Dame's "Dome" yearbook for 1914 declared Dorais to be "the 'Little Napoleon' of our great football teams" and Notre Dame's "greatest all time football player."[21]
Professional football
Dorais later played professional football for the Massillon Tigers (1915, 1918–1919) and Fort Wayne Friars (1916). Despite weighing only 138 pounds, he was one of the early stars of professional football in the years before the formation of the National Football League.[22] In 1915, Dorais and Rockne played for Massillon in a season highlighted by two games with Jim Thorpe's Canton Bulldogs. In the first game, a 16–0 victory for Massillon, Dorais completed 7 of 19 passes for 119 yards and kicked three field goals. Canton won the rematch on November 28, 1915, billed as the championship of the Ohio League, when an apparent touchdown pass from Dorais to Briggs was disallowed after a lengthy post-game conference among officials.[23][24] In 1916, Dorais was the star of the Fort Wayne Friars.[25][26]
Coaching career
Dubuque
In June 1914, Dorais was hired by Dubuque College (later renamed Loras College), a Catholic college in Dubuque, Iowa. He served as the school's football, basketball, and track coach, athletic director, teacher, and chairman of commercial law.[27][28][29] He remained at Dubuque for approximately four years. He compiled a 17–9–2 record as Dubuque's head football coach from 1914 to 1917, including an undefeated 1916 season.[30][31] His basketball teams won Hawkeye Conference championships all three seasons he was in charge.[32]
In December 1917, Dorais was inducted into the Army during World War I.[32] He was assigned to the officer training corps at Camp Dodge in central Iowa.[33]
Notre Dame
In September 1919, Knute Rockne hired Dorais as his assistant at Notre Dame.[34] Together, they led the 1919 Notre Dame football team to a perfect 9–0 record.[35] Dorais also served as the head coach of Notre Dame's basketball and baseball teams during the 1918–19 and 1919–20 academic year.[36][37]
Gonzaga
In May 1920, Dorais was hired as the athletic director at Gonzaga University, a Jesuit school located in Spokane, Washington. He also served as the head coach of the Gonzaga football, basketball, baseball, and track teams for the next five years.[2][38]
Dorais earned $4,000 per year at Gonzaga and was kept for a fifth season in 1924 when boosters helped raise his salary to $7,000 to prevent him from leaving for Detroit.[2] The Bulldogs were undefeated in 1924, led on the field by Houston Stockton,[39] grandfather of basketball hall of famer John Stockton.
University of Detroit
In February 1925, Dorais reached an agreement with the
Dorais remained the University of Detroit's athletic director and head football coach for 18 seasons from 1925 to 1942. His record with the
Dorais led the Titans to the top tier of college football programs, scheduling games against Army, Notre Dame, Michigan State, Oklahoma A&M, and Arkansas, as well as regular series with other major Catholic colleges and universities, including Fordham, Boston College, DePaul, Georgetown, Marquette, Villanova, Duquesne, Manhattan College, and Catholic University. From October 1927 to November 1929, his teams did not lose a game, an unbeaten streak that lasted 22 games and included a perfect 9–0 record during the 1928 season. He recruited and coached elite athletes to the school, including Lloyd Brazil (All-American halfback in 1928 and 1929 and NCAA passing leader in 1928), fullback Andy Farkas (a two-time All-Pro fullback with the Redskins), halfback Doug Nott (NCAA passing leader in 1933), Al Ghesquiere (NCAA rushing leader in 1940), and Vince Banonis (All-American center in 1940, later inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame).
Dorais was the college team coach for the fourth College All-Star Game in 1937 in Chicago, in which college seniors from the previous season (pro rookies) played against the defending NFL champions in a pre-season game on September 1.[42] With Sammy Baugh at quarterback and over 84,500 in attendance on a Wednesday night at Soldier Field, the college stars won 6–0 over Curly Lambeau's Green Bay Packers.[43] This was the first All-Star team to beat the pros.
Detroit Lions
In January 1943, Dorais left the University of Detroit at age 51 to become the head coach, general manager, and part owner of the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL).[44] Prior to Dorais' arrival, the Lions had compiled a 0–11 record in 1942. In their first year under Dorais, the 1943 Lions improved modestly to 3–6–1.[45]
In 1944 and 1945, Dorais turned the Lions around, leading them to second-place finishes both years with records of 6–3–1 and 7–3.[45][46] During his time with the Lions, Dorais was credited with having "the best pass patterns in the NFL."[47] After two strong seasons, the Lions slipped to 1–10 in 1946 and 3–9 in 1947.[45] One week after the end of the 1947 season, Lions owner Fred L. Mandel Jr. announced that, despite the five-year contract signed with Dorais prior to the 1947 season, Dorais had been removed as the club's head coach.[48] The parties reached a settlement which included a payoff for the final four years of Dorais' contract.[49]
Legacy and honors
Although the
Dorais received numerous posthumous honors for his contributions to the sport. His honors include the following:
- In 1954, seven months after his death, Dorais was named to the National Football Foundation's College Football Hall of Fame.[54][55]
- In 1955, the Wisconsin native was inducted into the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame.[56]
- In 1958, having spent 23 years as head coach of the Detroit Titans and Lions, he was inducted into the Michigan Sports Hall of Fame.[57]
- In 1960, he was inducted as a coach into the Helms Athletic Foundation Hall of Fame.[58]
- In 1976, the football field at his alma mater, Chippewa Falls High School, was renamed in his honor.[59]
- In 1983, he was inducted into the Loras College Athletics Hall of Fame as part of its inaugural class of inductees.[60]
- In 1987, he was inducted into the Detroit Titans Hall of Fame.[61]
- In 1988, he was inducted into the Gonzaga Athletic Hall of Fame as part of its inaugural class of inductees.[62]
Family, politics, and later years
In April 1918, Dorais married Viola Fettgather at a ceremony in Des Moines, Iowa.[63] They had five children: Thomas (born c. 1921); William (born c. 1923); Dorothy Jean (Mulcrone, born c. 1925); Joan Mayree (Robinson, born c. 1928); and David (born c. 1934).[64]
In 1939, Dorais became a candidate for the
In July 1947, Dorais' youngest son, David, drowned while swimming in Tecon Lake while at the family's summer home in Otsego County, Michigan.[68]
In 1949, Dorais moved to Wabash, Indiana, where he purchased an automobile dealership with his son, William.[69] In September 1950, Dorais underwent exploratory surgery for cancer at the Mayo Clinic.[70]
In June 1952, Dorais agreed to return to coaching as the backfield coach for the Pittsburgh Steelers.[47] After one season with the Steelers, Dorais announced in January 1953 that he would likely retire.[71]
He became ill with a circulatory disorder and moved to
Head coaching record
College football
Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dubuque (Independent) (1914–1917) | |||||||||
1914 | Dubuque | ||||||||
1915 | Dubuque | ||||||||
1916 | Dubuque | ||||||||
1917 | Dubuque | ||||||||
Dubuque: | 17–9–2 | ||||||||
Gonzaga Blue and White / Bulldogs (Independent) (1920–1924) | |||||||||
1920 | Gonzaga | 4–3 | |||||||
1921 | Gonzaga | 3–4–1 | |||||||
1922 | Gonzaga | 5–3 | L San Diego East-West Christmas Classic | ||||||
1923 | Gonzaga | 4–3 | |||||||
1924 | Gonzaga | 5–0–2 | |||||||
Gonzaga: | 21–13–3 | ||||||||
Detroit Titans (Independent) (1925–1942) | |||||||||
1925 | Detroit | 5–4 | |||||||
1926 | Detroit | 3–6–1 | |||||||
1927 | Detroit | 7–2 | |||||||
1928 | Detroit | 9–0 | |||||||
1929 | Detroit | 7–1–1 | |||||||
1930 | Detroit | 5–3–2 | |||||||
1931 | Detroit | 7–2–1 | |||||||
1932 | Detroit | 8–2 | |||||||
1933 | Detroit | 7–1 | |||||||
1934 | Detroit | 5–3–1 | |||||||
1935 | Detroit | 6–3 | |||||||
1936 | Detroit | 7–3 | |||||||
1937 | Detroit | 7–3 | |||||||
1938 | Detroit | 6–4 | |||||||
1939 | Detroit | 5–3–1 | |||||||
1940 | Detroit | 7–2 | |||||||
1941 | Detroit | 7–2 | |||||||
1942 | Detroit | 5–4 | |||||||
Detroit: | 113–48–7 | ||||||||
Total: | 150–70–12 |
Professional football
Team | Year | Regular Season | Post Season | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Won | Lost | Ties | Win % | Finish | Won | Lost | Win % | Result | ||
DET | 1943 | 3 | 6 | 1 | .350 | 3rd in NFL Western | – | – | – | – |
DET | 1944 | 6 | 3 | 1 | .650 | 2nd in NFL Western | – | – | – | – |
DET | 1945 | 7 | 3 | 0 | .700 | 2nd in NFL Western | – | – | – | – |
DET | 1946 | 1 | 10 | 0 | .091 | 5th in NFL Western | – | – | – | – |
DET | 1947 | 3 | 9 | 0 | .250 | 5th in NFL Western | – | – | – | – |
DET Total | 20 | 31 | 2 | .396 | – | – | – | – | ||
NFL Total[76] | 20 | 31 | 2 | .396 | – | – | – | – | ||
Total | 20 | 31 | 2 | .396 | – | – | – | – |
References
- ^ "Dorais dies; ace football player, coach". Chicago Daily Tribune. Associated Press. January 4, 1954. p. 1, sec. 4.
- ^ a b c d "Gus Dorais, father of forward pass, dies". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). Associated Press. January 4, 1954. p. 9.
- ^ "Former Gonzaga football coach taken by death". Spokane Daily Chronicle. (Washington). Associated Press. January 4, 1954. p. 16.
- ^ ISBN 978-0981884127.
- ^ Newspapers.com.(according to this account, the mother left the father in approximately 1896, but the 1900 U.S. Census shows the family living together in Butte.)
- ^ "Dorais Refused a Room at Hospital and Dies". The Anaconda Standard. November 24, 1911. p. 7.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "The Year and The Men" (PDF). The Notre Dame Scholastic. December 7, 1912. p. 190. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
- ^ "This Day In History: The Forward Pass (1913 vs. Army)". University of Notre Dame Athletics. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
- ^ "Football season in review" (PDF). The Notre Dame Scholastic. December 13, 1913. p. 380.
- ^ "Menke Picks His All-American Team: Harvard Champion Team Gets Only Three Places". Naugatuck Daily News. December 3, 1913.
- ^ "Badger Tackle Among Stars: Butler, Wisconsin's Great Lineman, Placed on All-American Team". Wisconsin State Journal. December 2, 1913.
- ^ Spalding's Official Football Guide. 1914. p. 21.
- ^ "Tom Thorp Picks Team From Cream of Football World". The Lima Daily News. December 3, 1913.
- ^ "Times' All-American Eleven". Trenton Evening Times. December 4, 1913.
- ^ "Football Award Winners" (PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). 2016. p. 6. Retrieved October 21, 2017.
- ^ Dome yearbook for 1914, p. 153.
- ^ 1914 "Dome" yearbook, p. 32.
- Newspapers.com.
- ISBN 978-1476622286.
- ISBN 0190283696.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
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- ^ "Charles "Gus" Dorais". Loras College. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
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- ^ Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
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- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Notre Dame Fighting Irish School History". SR CBB. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ Smith, Floyd L. (January 20, 1924). "Gus Dorais spurns fat offers and signs contract to coach Gonzaga teams another year". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). p. 1.
- ^ "Friends shocked; laud ex-Gonzagan". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). January 4, 1954. p. 9.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "All-time coaching records" (PDF). Detroit Titans basketball. media guide. 2013–14.
- ^ Smith, Wilfrid (September 1, 1937). "All-Americans play Packers before 85,000". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 21.
- ^ Smith, Wilfrid (September 2, 1937). "84,560 see All-Americans win, 6-0". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c "Detroit Lions Franchise Encyclopedia". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.(Dorais "who more than any other one person can be termed the 'father of the forward pass'")
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ Gus Dorais at the College Football Hall of Fame
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Hall of Fame". Duhawks.com. Loras College. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
- ^ "Gus Dorais". DetroitTitans.com. University of Detroit-Mercy. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
- ^ "Gonzaga Athletic Hall of Fame". Gonzaga University. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "'Gus' Dorais Dies in Southfield Home". The Birmingham Eccentric. January 1954 – via Ancestry.com.
- ^ a b "Certificate of Death, Michigan Department of Health, for Charles E. (Gus) Dorais". January 7, 1954 – via Ancestry.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Gus Dorais Record, Statistics, and Category Ranks – Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
External links
- Gus Dorais at the College Football Hall of Fame
- Gus Dorais NFL coaching record at Pro-Football-Reference.com
- Gus Dorais at Find a Grave