Guy Aldred

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Guy Aldred
Born(1886-11-05)5 November 1886
Clerkenwell, London
Died16 October 1963(1963-10-16) (aged 76)
Organizations
SpouseRose Witcop
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    Guy Alfred Aldred (often Guy A. Aldred; 5 November 1886 – 16 October 1963) was a British

    anarcho-communist and a prominent member of the Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation (APCF). He founded the Bakunin Press publishing house and edited five Glasgow-based anarchist periodicals: The Herald of Revolt, The Spur, The Commune, The Council, and The Word, where he worked closely with Ethel MacDonald and his later partner Jenny Patrick
    .

    Early life

    Aldred was born in

    total abstinence
    movement, and he remained an abstainer in these respects all his life.

    His grandfather, an

    Anglican, encouraged him to attend the church of St Anne and St Agnes, where he took communion in 1894. However, he soon developed a critical attitude to the church, even though he was close to his cousin, a curate at Holloway
    .

    At the age of 15 (1902), he was made aware of his London

    Maharaja of Jaipur
    , visited the city. He became fascinated by the newspaper accounts of the Maharaja moving around with his "travelling god":

    The Rajah's god was a substantial fact. It had invaded my petty little world. It had brought home to me the realities of other cities and of other religions. It had made known to me, as no mere study could have done, the fact that Christianity was not the religion of the world. It had brought home to my understanding the fact that there was an Oriental theology beyond the pale of Christian orthodoxy.[1]

    Later that year he gained a reputation as a "Boy Preacher", printing and handing out his own leaflets, which were often received with ridicule and disdain. He found employment as an office boy with the National Press Agency in Whitefriars House, where he was promoted to sub-editor. Working with an evangelist named McMasters, he co-founded the "Christian Social Mission", opening shortly after his 16th birthday as the Holloway Boy Preacher. His non-conformist approach aroused concern following his first sermon.

    After contacting Charles Voysey, Guy was eventually granted an audience on 20 December 1902. The 74-year-old well-to-do Voysey was surprised to be confronted with a coarse-dressed 16-year-old working-class boy. After careful preliminaries on the part of Voysey, the meeting lasted three hours. Their friendship was to continue until Voysey's death in 1912.

    In January 1903 the Reverend George Martin, an Anglican priest, visited Guy with one of his leaflets, asking to meet the Holloway Boy Preacher. Martin worked in London's worst slums, and Guy joined him in his work with London's poorest. His friendship with Martin lasted six years and influenced Guy strongly. He soon gave his last sermon from the pulpit and left the "Christian Social Mission".

    Agnosticism

    Guy became a speaker at the Institute of

    Agnostic Journal and became friendly with its editor, "Saladin", a Scotsman
    . It was at the Journal's office that he met another Scotsman, John Morrison Davidson, and Guy became more interested in Scottish affairs.

    Indian Sedition Trial, 1907

    Mast head of The Indian Sociologist

    Lord Alverstone, indicated that anyone printing that sort of material would be liable for prosecution. Nevertheless, Aldred, as an advocate of the free press, published it, bearing his own name. The police obtained a warrant and seized 396 copies of the issue. At the trial the prosecution was led by the Attorney General, Sir William Robson, at the Central Criminal Court
    . Robson highlighted parts of TIS which Aldred had himself written, particularly focussing on a passage which touched on the execution of Dhingra:

    In the execution of Dhingra that cloak will be publicly worn, that secret language spoken, that solemn veil employed to conceal the sword of Imperialism by which we are sacrificed to the insatiable idol of modern despotism, whose ministers are

    Chicago martyrs. Who is more reprehensible than the murderers of these martyrs? The police spies who threw the bomb at Chicago; the ad-hoc tribunal which murdered innocent Egyptians at Denshawai; the Asquith
    who assumed full responsibility for the murder of the workers at Featherstone; the assassins of Robert Emmett? Yet these murderers have not been executed! Why then should Dhingra be executed? Because he is not a time-serving executioner, but a Nationalist patriot, who, though his ideals are not their ideals, is worthy of the admiration of those workers at home, who have as little to gain from the lick-spittle crew of Imperialistic blood-sucking, capitalist parasites at as what the Nationalists have in India.

    Aldred also remarked that the Sepoy Mutiny, or Indian Mutiny, would be described as

    Indian Nationalism, based on his view of ancient Aryan culture and Buddhism
    .

    Socialism and anarchism

    Aldred joined the

    left communists across Europe brought him close to council communism
    .

    In 1932 he split with the APCF and later founded the

    World Government. After Joseph Stalin
    's death, Aldred became increasingly supportive of the Soviet Union.

    Free love

    Aldred worked closely with his partner Rose Witcop (9 April 1890 – 4 July 1932), a pioneer of birth control and sister of Milly Witkop (who was, in turn, partner of anarchist Rudolf Rocker).[3]

    Together they published an edition of Margaret Sanger's Family Limitation, an action which saw them denounced by a London magistrate for "indiscriminate" publication[4] and, despite expert testimony from a consultant to Guy's Hospital and evidence at the appeal that the book had only been sold to those aged over twenty-one, the stock was ordered to be destroyed.[5] Their case had been strongly supported by Dora Russell[6] who, with her husband Bertrand Russell and John Maynard Keynes, paid the legal costs of the appeal.[7]

    Aldred and Witcop had a son, Annesley, in 1909. Although they were drifting apart by the time Aldred settled permanently in Glasgow in 1922, finally parting in 1924, they had a legal marriage on 2 February 1926, when it seemed possible Witcop might be deported for her continuing work on family planning.[8]

    Death and legacy

    After initially refusing hospital treatment for a heart condition, Guy Aldred died, almost penniless, in the

    Glasgow University's Department of Anatomy. His remains were cremated at the Maryhill Crematorium, Glasgow on 4 May 1964.[9]

    Aldred's long-time associate and

    microfilm. His personal papers were deposited in the Bailie's Library, Glasgow, now held in the Mitchell Library
    . He was survived by his son, Annesley.

    Work

    Some of Aldred's pamphlets can be found online as part of the Jo Labadie Collection.

    References

    1. ^ Dogmas Discarded: An Autobiography of Thought 1886 - 1908, by Guy Aldred, Part 1, page 16, The Strickland Press, Glasgow 1904
    2. ^ Rex v. Aldred by Guy Aldred, The Strickland Press, Glasgow, 1948
    3. ^ Nicolas Walter, ‘Witcop, Rose Lillian (1890–1932)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/58610, accessed 4 Sept 2007
    4. ^ The Times, 11 January 1923, p.7
    5. ^ The Times, 12 February 1923, p.5
    6. ^ "Dora Russell". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
    7. ^ Russell, Dora, (1975) The Tamarisk Tree
    8. ISBN 0-946487-19-7
    9. ^ Bob Jones, ‘Aldred, Guy Alfred (1886–1963)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, May 2006 http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/40278, accessed 10 Sept 2007

    Bibliography

    External links
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