HŠK Građanski Zagreb

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Građanski
Full namePrvi hrvatski građanski
športski klub
Nickname(s)Purgeri (The Citizens)
Founded26 April 1911
Dissolved6 June 1945
GroundStadion Koturaška (1924–1945)
Capacity10,000
LeagueYugoslav League (1923–1940)
NDH First League (1940–1945)

HŠK Građanski (alternatively spelled Gradjanski or Gradanski), also known as 1. HŠK Građanski or fully Prvi hrvatski građanski športski klub (English: First Croatian Citizens' Sports Club), was a Croatian

World Wars
.

History

The golden era

Građanski squad which won the 1939–40 Yugoslav Football Championship;
Standing (L to R): Jazbinšek, Cimermančić, Đanić, Belošević, Lešnik, Urch, Brozović;
Crouching: Antolković, Matekalo, Žalant, Kokotović and coach Bukovi

In 1911, when Croatia was still part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Građanski was founded in Zagreb by Andrija Mutafelija and a few of his friends in response to rumors that a football club that was meant to play in the Hungarian football league (as opposed to the Croatian Sports Union) was about to be established. Građanski was therefore founded as a multi-sports club with a distinctly Croatian identity intended to cater to citizens of Zagreb, with sections dedicated to football, handball, and cycling. At first they used grounds in Zagreb's neighbourhoods of Tuškanac, Martinovka and Kanal, until they built their own stadium at Koturaška street, which was officially opened in 1924 by Stjepan Radić, a prominent Croatian politician.

The club lost their first ever game to city rivals

Hajduk Split
. During the 1920s and 1930s Građanski became the most popular club in Zagreb as they won five Yugoslav championship titles (1923, 1926, 1928, 1937, 1940 and were runners-up in 1925 and 1939).

International games

Internationally, the club went on several successful tours – on one of these, in 1923 in

1936–1937 Yugoslav championship. Márton Bukovi, who started using the formation as Građanski manager in 1936, introduced it to Hungary in the late 1940s and later modified it into the now famous WW system which brought the Hungary national football team to the final game of the 1954 World Cup and which was later exported on to Brazil
as the 4–2–4 formation.

Građanski were also hosts to friendlies with prominent European teams. In June 1934, Građanski hosted a 0–0 draw with the

Leônidas and Waldemar in their lineup), and in May 1936 Liverpool FC suffered their first continental defeat in Zagreb, a 5–1 thrashing[3] in front of an audience of 10,000 with August Lešnik scoring a hat-trick and Berry Nieuwenhuys
claiming a consolation goal for the Reds. Also in 1936, the club visited Scotland where at Tynecastle they drew 4–4 with Heart of Midlothian.

Građanski in Europe

The club competed in the

Genova 1893 FBC.[5] In 1940 they beat the Hungarian side Újpest FC (5:0 on aggregate) in the quarterfinal, only to be defeated by Rapid Bucharest in the semifinal. Both legs ended without goals, so a playoff game in Subotica was held, which ended 1:1.[6] Rapid progressed to the final on a coin toss, but the final game (against Ferencváros
) was never played because of the outbreak of World War II.

World War II

Having been invaded and occupied by the

1941, 1941–42, 1942–43 and 1943–44) but only the second and third editions were actually finished, with Građanski winning the 1942–43 season.[7]

When the war ended in 1945, the club was formally disbanded by the new communist government (along with city rivals

Concordia Zagreb
) and its archives were destroyed, in retribution for competing in the wartime fascist-sponsored football league. The club's last official game was a 2–2 draw against HAŠK on 10 April 1945.

In June 1945

Dinamo Zagreb was established to take its place as Zagreb's foremost football powerhouse. The newly established Dinamo club adopted Građanski's colours and nickname, and inherited its pre-war fan base, and in 1969 even introduced a club badge which strongly resembled Građanski's old emblem. Initially, Dinamo also used Građanski's Stadion Koturaška, before moving to an expanded version of HAŠK's former ground at Stadion Maksimir
in 1948, where it remains to this day.

Many former Građanski players continued their career at Dinamo after the war (including Ivan Jazbinšek, August Lešnik, Zvonimir Cimermančić, Milan Antolković) as well as their coach Márton Bukovi, while some others moved to FK Partizan in Belgrade, which was established after the war as the official Yugoslav Army club (these included Florijan Matekalo and Stjepan Bobek).

Notable players

Since Zagreb was home to the

HAŠK Zagreb along with Građanski), Građanski players often earned caps for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia national football team, mostly for games at Olympic tournaments, the Balkan Cup and World Cup
qualifiers.

In late 1929 the association dissolved after disagreements between the Zagreb and

BSK Beograd, BASK and SK Jugoslavija). The team managed to beat Brazil 2–1 and Bolivia 4–0 but were then crushed by Uruguay 1–6 in the semi-final. Since Yugoslavia failed to qualify for the next two World Cups in 1934 and 1938, this meant that no Croat appeared at World Cup tournaments until Yugoslavia's next appearance at the 1950 World Cup. By that time Građanski had ceased to exist, although Stjepan Bobek, who initially played for Građanski 1943–1945 before switching to newly formed Partizan after the war, was a key player of the national team at both 1950 and 1954 World Cups and at the 1948 and 1952
Olympic tournaments.

The following is a list of Građanski players who earned at least one cap for Kingdom of Yugoslavia national team while playing at the club in the period from 1920 to 1941. Appearances and goals are taken from

SFR Yugoslavia team. Only four players appeared for all three national teams during this politically turbulent period – Miroslav Brozović, Zvonimir Cimermančić, Branko Pleše and Franjo Wölfl
).

Player Position Yugoslavia career Appsa Goalsa Olympic squadsb
Milan Antolković † Forward 1937–1939 8 1
Dragutin Babić Defender 1921–1931 10 2 1924 OT, 1928 OT
Ivan Belošević † Defender 1933–1939 11 0
August Bivec Defender 1933 1 0
Dragutin Bratulić Goalkeeper 1934–1935 3 0
Miroslav Brozović † Defender 1940–1948c 17 0 1948 OT
Zvonimir Cimermančić † Defender 1940–1948c 9 3 1948 OT
Slavin Cindrić Forward 1920–1928 5 3 1920 OT, 1924 OT, 1928 OT
Eugen Dasović Defender 1923–1927 10 0 1924 OT
Ernest Dubac † Defender 1938–1941 14 0
Svetozar Đanić † Midfielder 1940–1941 3 0
Fritz Federber Defender 1922 1 0
Franjo Giller
 Midfielder 1926–1932 13 3 1928 OT
Franjo Glaser † Goalkeeper 1933–1940 35 0
Ivan Granec Midfielder 1920 1 0 1920 OT
Bernard Hügl Defender 1934–1939 24 0
Rudolf Hitrec Midfielder 1926 1 0
Ivan Jazbinšek † Defender 1938–1941 7 0 1948 OT
Hugo Kinert Midfielder 1921–1922 2 0
Mirko Kokotović † Midfielder 1931–1939 23 4
Gustav Lechner † Midfielder 1931–1940 44 0
August Lešnik † Forward 1937–1940 10 4
Florijan Matekalo † Midfielder 1940 1 0
Maksimilijan Mihalčić
 Goalkeeper 1925–1931 18 0 1928 OT
Emil Perška Forward 1920–1927 14 2 1920 OT, 1924 OT, 1928 OT
Branko Pleše † Midfielder 1937–1946c 6 3
Antun Pogačnik † Defender 1937 2 0
Danijel Premerl Defender 1925–1932 29 1 1928 OT
Marko Rajković Defender 1931–1933 2 0
Rudolf Rupec Defender 1920–1924 9 0 1920 OT, 1924 OT
Jaroslav Šifer Defender 1920–1922 6 1 1920 OT
Vilmos Sipos Forward 1934–1939 13 1
Josip Urbanke Midfielder 1926 1 0
Dragutin Vragović Midfielder 1920–1923 7 0 1920 OT, 1924 OT
Dragutin Vrđuka Goalkeeper 1920–1924 7 0 1920 OT, 1924 OT
Franjo Wölfl † Forward 1938–1951c 12 6 1948 OT
Aleksandar Živković Forward 1931–1935 15 15
† Player also appeared for Independent State of Croatia team (1941–1944).
a. Career totals earned for Kingdom of Yugoslavia national team (1920–1941)
b. Olympic tournament squad which the player was on (whether or not he actually played)
c. Player also appeared for the communist
SFR Yugoslavia
national team, established after World War 2

Managers

List of managers:[10]

Honours

Domestic competitions

Regional competitions

European competitions

Presidents

See also

References

  1. RSSSF
    . 6 March 2000. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
  2. RSSSF. 16 August 2007. Archived from the original
    on 13 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
  3. ^ "Liverpool FC Season Archives". LFCHistory.net. Archived from the original on 2005-11-24. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
  4. RSSSF
    . 10 August 1999. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
  5. RSSSF
    . 10 August 1999. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
  6. RSSSF
    . 10 August 1999. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
  7. RSSSF
    . 18 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
  8. ^ "Povijest – počeci" (in Croatian). Croatian Football Federation. Retrieved 2009-02-07.
  9. ^ Историја. fss.rs (in Serbian). Football Association of Serbia. Archived from the original on 2011-12-27. Retrieved 2011-12-25.
  10. ^ Treneri kroz povijest Archived 2017-11-16 at the Wayback Machine at Povijest Dinama (in Croatian)
  11. ^ a b I.HSK Gradjanski Zagreb at RSSSF
  12. ^ Yugoslavia/Serbia (and Montenegro) – Cup Finals at RSSSF
  13. ^ Buljan, Ivica (March 2011). "100 godina Građanskog" (PDF). Povijest Hrvatskog Sporta (in Croatian). 42 (156). Hrvatski olimpijski odbor: 6–8. Retrieved 20 May 2011.[permanent dead link]

External links

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