HMS Prize
A painting depicting Prize shelling U-93
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History | |
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Imperial Germany | |
Name | Else |
Builder | E.V. Smit & Zoon |
Launched | 1901 |
Fate | Captured by Royal Navy, 4 August 1914 |
United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Prize |
Namesake | Prize |
Commissioned | 25 April 1917 |
Refit | February–March 1917 (conversion to Q ship) |
Fate | Sunk, 13 August 1917 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Q ship |
Displacement | 277 long tons (281 t) |
Length | 122 ft 6 in (37.3 m) |
Beam | 24 ft 0 in (7.3 m) |
Draught | 10 ft 5 in (3.2 m) |
Propulsion |
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Complement | 27 |
Armament |
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HMS Prize was a schooner converted to a
Originally a German vessel called Else, she was captured by the
History
A steel-hulled three-masted
Else was sold a month later;[3] her new owner was the Marine and Navigation Company, owned by William Garthwaite. She was renamed First Prize, on account of being the first ship captured by the Royal Navy during the war.[1] Garthwaite's intention was to use her on the coastal trading routes.[3]
Later on in the war, the
In November 1916, First Prize, berthed at Swansea, was identified as being a vessel suitable for Q ship service. She was accordingly requisitioned by the Royal Navy. Within weeks, Garthwaite had gifted the ship to the Royal Navy for service in the war.[3] He also offered to fit her out for war service in return for an honorary commission in the Royal Navy, but this was declined.[5]
Service as a Q ship
First Prize underwent a refit at
First Prize was formally
After 20 minutes of shelling, First Prize appeared to be sinking. The U-boat approached her port quarter, whereupon Sanders ordered the White Ensign hoisted and First Prize opened fire.[9] Within a few minutes the submarine had received severe damage to her conning tower, with several crew members blown into the water.[10] After moving away, the U-boat disappeared from sight in mist, and was believed by the crew of First Prize to have been sunk. The panic party, still in its boat, collected three survivors, including her captain, and brought them back to First Prize. The damage to the ship was serious, and the German prisoners assisted in repairs as it made for the Irish coast and received a tow as it approached Kinsale. Despite its damage, U-93 managed to struggle back to Sylt nine days later.[11]
In the meantime, the damaged First Prize returned to her port of Milford Haven. The Admiralty had renamed her, and she was to now be known as HMS Prize.[12] After Prize was repaired, she returned to sea in late May, conducting a second patrol off the northwest coast of Ireland for three weeks. On 12 June, she encountered UC-35 on the surface. The U-boat shelled Prize 30 times as it approached but once a wounded Sanders gave the order to return fire, it turned away. Prize only fired a few shots before the U-boat quickly submerged and got away.[13]
Prize undertook another patrol in late June and early July. On 22 June, while at sea, various awards to the crew who fought in the action on 30 April was announced; Sanders was to receive the Victoria Cross while his lieutenant received the Distinguished Service Order (DSO), two other officers the Distinguished Service Cross, and the rest of the crew the Distinguished Service Medal.[14]
Prize embarked on her final patrol in early August 1917.[15] Sailing into the Atlantic under a Swedish flag, the ship was accompanied by a British submarine, HMS D6. It was intended that D6 would submerge and observe Prize throughout the day. When an enemy ship was sighted, the crew of Prize would place discreet signals in the rigging to indicate the ship's position to the watching D6. The submarine would then attempt to move into a position where it could torpedo the approaching enemy.[16] On 13 August 1917, a lookout spotted UB-48. Sanders opted to use the guns of Prize to shell the U-boat; UB-48 was undamaged and it submerged to evade the attack. Prize and D6 remained on station. Later that evening, UB-48, having worked its way into a suitable position, fired two torpedoes at Prize, one of which struck and destroyed the sailing ship. D6, still submerged, heard the explosion and at dawn it surfaced to investigate but found no trace of Prize or her crew.[17]
Notes
- ^ a b c Howard 2007, p. 51.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, p. 66.
- ^ a b c d Howard 2007, p. 52.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, pp. ix–xi.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, p. 83.
- ^ Howard 2007, p. 54.
- ^ Howard 2007, pp. 57–59.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, pp. 83–84.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, p. 84.
- ^ Howard 2007, pp. 73–74.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, p. 85.
- ^ Howard 2007, p. 76.
- ^ Howard 2007, pp. 90–93.
- ^ Howard 2007, p. 94.
- ^ Howard 2007, pp. 98–99.
- ^ Bridgland 1999, pp. 117–118.
- ^ Howard 2007, pp. 101–102.
References
- Bridgland, Tony (1999). Sea Killers In Disguise: Q Ships and Decoy Raiders. Barnsley, United Kingdom: Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-675-2.
- Howard, Grant (2007). "Gunner Billy": Lieutenant-Commander W. E. Sanders, VC, DSO, RNR. Auckland, New Zealand: Navy Museum. ISBN 978-0-477-10058-8.