Habibi (poet)
Habibi | |
---|---|
Born | 1470 Bərgüşad (now part of Azerbaijan) |
Died | 1519/20 Constantinople, Ottoman Empire |
Occupation | Poet |
Language | Azerbaijani, Turkish |
Habibi (Azerbaijani: Həbibi, حبیبی; 1470–1519/1520) was a late 15th and early 16th century poet. He is regarded as the most important Azerbaijani poet of his generation.
Habibi spent the early years of his life in the court of
Life
Habibi was born in the village of
From 1490, the year Yaqub Beg died, to 1502, Habibi's life is unknown.[6] He became a Safavid court poet in 1502, and the Safavid king Ismail I (1487–1524), who was himself a poet, dubbed him malekoʾsh-shoʿarā (or māliku sh-shuʿarā, lit. 'king of poets').[5][6][7] In all likelihood, he came to the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) in 1514, perhaps as an outcome of the capture of Tabriz, the then Safavid capital, by Selim I.[7][8][9] According to the academic Hamid Arasly (1902–1983), Habibi was one of 1700 artists brought to Constantinople by Ottoman Sultan Selim I after the capture of Tabriz in 1514.[3] The depiction of Habibi as Selim I's courtier by Evliya Çelebi suggests that the sultan, who was very interested in Turkish and Persian literature, may have shielded him from Shah Ismail, who could have been upset at the poet for leaving the Safavid court.[3][6]
Habibi is said to have died during the reign of Selim I, but the exact date is uncertain. According to Evliya Çelebi, he was buried in the Caferabad
Poetry
The majority of Habibi's work has been lost,
Habibi was greatly influenced by Nasimi,
Although Habibi learnt to write poetry in Anatolian Turkish, the Ottoman biographer and poet Aşık Çelebi (died 1572) still deemed Habibi's poetry as belonging to the Iranian (Tur. 'ajemane) style, rather than the Ottoman style, and mentioned that his poetry didn't suit the contemporaneous poetic trends.[12]
Legacy
Habibi was apparently popular for some time during his own life and afterwards.[13] This can be inferred from the fact that Fuzuli wrote a mukhammas (a poetic style where each paragraph contains five lines) deduced from the matla (first couplet of a ghazal, a form of amatory poem) of one of Habibi's own ghazals. Habibi influenced many future poets and played a great role in the development of Azerbaijani literature.[9] In spite of this, he is virtually entirely forgotten today, with only a handful of his poems having survived to this day, which in turn has been credited in part to Fuzuli and the Ottoman poet Bâkî (died 1600), who surpassed him in popularity shortly after his death.[3][7]
References
Citations
- ^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia 1969–1978; Erden 2018, p. 5; Sadıkoğlu 1996, pp. 374–375; Hess 2020.
- ^ Berengian 1988, p. 18.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Sadıkoğlu 1996, pp. 374–375.
- ^ a b c Erden 2018, p. 6.
- ^ a b c d e f Great Soviet Encyclopedia 1969–1978.
- ^ a b c Erden 2018, p. 7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hess 2020.
- ^ a b c Javadi & Burrill 1988, pp. 251–255.
- ^ a b c d Meydan Larousse 1960, p. 287.
- ^ Mustafayeva 2021, p. 5.
- ^ Erden 2018, p. 9.
- ^ Péri 2021, p. 245.
- ^ Erden 2018, p. 8.
Sources
- Berengian, Sakina (1988). Azeri and Persian Literary Works in Twentieth Century Iranian Azerbaijan. K. Schwarz. ISBN 978-3-922968-69-6.
- Erden, Murat (2018). XV. Yüzyıl şairi Habîbî ve dîvânı [15th Century poet Habibi and his divan] (Thesis) (in Turkish). Marmara: Marmara University.
- Hess, Michael R. (2020). "Hǝbibi". In Fleet, Kate; ISSN 1873-9830.
- Javadi, H.; Burrill, K. (1988). "AZERBAIJAN x. Azeri Turkish Literature". In ISBN 978-0-71009-115-4.
- Mustafayeva, Nurlana (1 January 2021). "Study of Azerbaijani Poet İmadeddin Nasimi's Creativity in Turkish Literary Crit". Journal of Turkish Research Institute (72): 1–10. S2CID 239740679.
- Péri, Benedek (2021). "'O Muhibbi! You've Lit Your Lamp with Khosrow's Burning Passion': Persian Poetry as Perceived by Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Authors". In ISBN 978-0-7556-3378-4.
- Prokhorov, Alexander, ed. (1969–1978). "ХАБИБИ" [HABIBI]. Great Soviet Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). Moscow.
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Sadıkoğlu, Cengiz (1996). "HABÎBÎ". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 14 (Geli̇bolu – Haddesenâ) (in Turkish). Istanbul: ISBN 978-975-389-441-8.
- "HABİBİ". Meydan Larousse. Vol. 8. Meydan Yayınevi. 1960.