Habsburg-occupied Serbia (1686–1691)
Habsburg-occupied Serbia Habsburg besetztes Serbien (German) | |||||||||||
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1686–1699 | |||||||||||
Status | Territory of the Roman Catholic | ||||||||||
Government | Military administration | ||||||||||
Historical era | Early modern period | ||||||||||
• Habsburg occupation | 1686 | ||||||||||
1683–1699 | |||||||||||
1699 | |||||||||||
ISO 3166 code | RS | ||||||||||
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Habsburg-occupied Serbia refers to the period between 1686 and 1699 of the Great Turkish War, during which various regions of present-day Serbia (which were de jure Ottoman territory) were occupied by the Habsburg monarchy. In those regions, Habsburg authorities have established various forms of provisional military administration, including the newly organized Serbian Militia. By the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, some of those regions remained under the permanent Habsburg rule, while others were returned to the Ottoman Empire.[1]
History
In 1683, the
In 1688, the Habsburg forces organized a further offensive towards south, crossing rivers Sava and Danube. In the same time, the Serbian Militia operated throughout regions of Šumadija and Raška in central Serbia. After the victory in the Siege of Belgrade (1688), Habsburg forces continued their advance towards south, taking Niš and reaching Prizren and Skopje (1689).The Habsburgs were warmly welcomed by the locals as they saw the Christian troops as liberators. Habsburg-controlled area included much of the territory of present-day Serbia.[2]
In 1690, a full-scale Ottoman counter-offensive was launched, forcing Habsburg commanders and the Serbian Militia to retreat to the north. Ottoman atrocities provoked the
In 1693, Habsburg forces decided to recapture Belgrade. Imperial army, led by duke
The Habsburg withdrawal from the southern territories of present-day Serbia ran in parallel with the
Habsburg commanders
The main Habsburg commanders in charge of operations on the territory of present-day Serbia were:
- Ludwig Wilhelm von Baden (1655-1707)
- Giovanni Norberto Piccolomini (1640–1689)
- Charles Eugène de Croÿ (1651-1702)
See also
- Holy League (1684)
- Kingdom of Serbia (1718–1739)
- Habsburg-occupied Serbia (1788–1792)
- Serbian Vojvodina
References
- ^ Ćirković 2004, p. 143-148.
- ^ a b c d e Ćirković 2004.
Sources
- Bataković, Dušan T., ed. (2005). Histoire du peuple serbe [History of the Serbian People] (in French). Lausanne: L’Age d’Homme.
- Ćirković, Sima (2004). The Serbs. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
- Fodor, Pál; Dávid, Géza, eds. (2000). Ottomans, Hungarians, and Habsburgs in Central Europe: The Military Confines in the Era of Ottoman Conquest. BRILL.
- Fotić, Aleksandar (2008). "Serbian Orthodox Church". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. New York: Infobase Publishing. pp. 519–520.
- Kašić, Dušan, ed. (1965). Serbian Orthodox Church: Its past and present. Vol. 1. Belgrade: Serbian Orthodox Church.
- Pavlovich, Paul (1989). The History of the Serbian Orthodox Church. Serbian Heritage Books.
- Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (2002). Serbia: The History behind the Name. London: Hurst & Company.
- Pešalj, Jovan (2010). "Early 18th-Century Peacekeeping: How Habsburgs and Ottomans Resolved Several Border Disputes after Karlowitz". Empires and Peninsulas: Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople, 1699–1829. Berlin: LIT Verlag. pp. 29–42.
- Stavrianos, Leften (2000) [1958]. The Balkans Since 1453. London: Hurst.