Halaesa
Byzantine period | |
Cultures | Ancient Greece |
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Halaesa (
The site has been partially excavated and a museum contains finds.[2]
History
The city was of
It quickly rose to prosperity through maritime commerce. At the start of the First Punic War it was one of the first of the Sicilian cities to submit to the Romans to whose alliance it was always faithful. It was doubtless to this conduct and to the services that it was able to render to the Romans during their wars in Sicily that it was awarded the status of civitas libera ac immunis which gave it the privilege of retaining its own laws and independence, exempt from all taxation, an advantage enjoyed by only five cities of Sicily.[4] In consequence of this advantageous position it rose rapidly in wealth and prosperity and became one of the most flourishing cities of Sicily.
On one occasion its citizens, having been involved in disputes among themselves concerning the choice of their senate, C. Claudius Pulcher was sent by Rome at their own request in 95 BC to regulate the matter by a law, which he did to the satisfaction of all parties. Halaesa is the only place in
Also evidence from inscriptions
The site
There was a difference of opinion on the site of Halaesa, arising principally from the discrepancy in the distances assigned by Strabo, the
The ruins described by
The site has been partially excavated starting in 2017.[15] The agora and theatre are among the monuments so far been brought to light.
Portions of the aqueduct can be seen and fragments of statues, as well as coins and inscriptions, have been frequently discovered on the spot.[16][17]
Coinage
"Halaisa Archonida" can be found on a
References
- xiv. 218
- ^ "Home".
- ^ Diod. xiv. 16.
- ^ Diod. xiv. 16, xxiii. Exc. H. p. 501; Cicero In Verrem ii. 4. 9, 69, iii. 6.
- ^ a b Ashby 1911.
- ^ Ibid. 73-75; Ep. ad Farn. xiii. 32.
- ^ Verr. 3.170
- ^ ISic0800, ISic1175, ISic1176, ISic3571
- ^ Castell. Inscr. p. 27.
- ^ Strab. vi. p. 272.
- ^ H. N. iii. 8.
- ^ xiv. 16.
- ^ x. 268.
- ^ 5. § 20.
- ^ The Greek city of Halaesa comes to light in Messina, Sicily, https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2018/08/the-greek-city-of-halaesa-comes-to.html
- ^ Tommaso Fazello de Reb. Sic. ix. 4; Cluver. Sicil. pp. 288-90; Boeckh, C. I. tom. iii. pp. 612-21; Castelli, Hist. Alaesae, Panorm, 1753; Id. Inscr. Sic. p. 109; Biscari, Viaggio in Sicilia, p. 243.
- ^ Prag, J. R. (2018). A new bronze honorific inscription from Halaesa, Sicily, in two copies. Journal of Epigraphic Studies
Bibliography
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
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(help) - public domain: Ashby, Thomas (1911). "Halaesa". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 829. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
- Costanzi, Michela (2023). Halaesa: du site à la cité, de la cité au site. Pisa: Fabrizio Serra Editore. ISBN 9788833154879.