Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Not to be confused with Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani.
In this
Al Thani
.
Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Prime Minister
Born (1952-01-01) 1 January 1952 (age 72)
Doha, Qatar
Spouse
IssueSee link
HouseThani
FatherKhalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
MotherAisha bint Hamad Al Attiyah

Al Thani Qatari royal family. He was the ruling Emir of Qatar from 1995 until 2013 when he abdicated the throne, handing power to his fourth son Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani who was born to his second spouse, Moza bint Nassir.[1][2] The Qatari government refers to him as the Father Emir.[3]

Hamad seized power from his father,

Royal Dutch Shell.[5]

Hamad ruled a sovereign regime in Qatar without any support from opposition political parties.[6][7][8] During Hamad's rule, Qatar hosted two U.S. military bases. It also maintained relations with Iran. The Sheikh founded news media group Al Jazeera. He also played a part in negotiations between the U.S. and the Taliban.[9][10] In June 2013, Hamad, in a brief televised address, announced that he would hand power to his fourth son, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani.[11]

Early years and education

Hamad was born in 1952. His mother died soon after his birth and he was raised by his uncle.[12]

He graduated from the British Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst in 1971, and was then commissioned as a lieutenant colonel in Qatar's armed forces.[13][14] A few months later he returned to Qatar and was made commander of a mobile brigade, which later became a force called "Hamad Brigade".[14] In 1972, Hamad had the rank of general, and became army chief of staff.[14] Next he was appointed commander-in-chief of Qatar's armed forces with the rank of major general.[4][14] In 1977 he was named minister of defense.[14]

Hamad was appointed Heir Apparent of Qatar in 1977 and held the post until 1995.[15] In the early 1980s, he led the Supreme Planning Council, which sets Qatar's basic economic and social policies.

From 1992, Hamad had a growing responsibility for the day-to-day running of the country,[16] including the development of Qatar's oil and natural gas resources. On 27 June 1995, he won the throne from his father in a palace coup, Hamad became Emir of Qatar and was crowned on 20 June 2000.[16]

In the early 1980s, Hamad led the Supreme Planning Council, which sets Qatar's basic economic and social policies. Starting in 1992, Hamad's father handed over responsibility for the day-to-day running of the country,[16] including the development of Qatar's oil and natural gas resources, rendering him the effective ruler.[17] However, his father ultimately retained control over state finances.[17]

Reign as Emir (1995–2013)

With the support of his family, Hamad took control of the country in a bloodless

Geneva, Switzerland.[16][18] The deposition came after a falling out between Hamad bin Khalifa and his father, who had tried regaining some of the authority he had bestowed upon Hamad in early 1995.[17] Thereafter, his father lived in exile in France and Abu Dhabi[18]
until he returned to Qatar in 2001.

Hamad then engaged an American law firm to freeze his father's bank accounts abroad in order to deter a possible countercoup.

counter-coup was attempted against Hamad in February 1996 under the leadership of former Economy Minister Hamad bin Jassim bin Hamad Al Thani. The coup failed, and several of Qatar's traditional Arab allies were implicated in the plot, namely Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt.[19]

In a break with the traditional role, his second wife Sheikha Moza bint Nasser Al-Missned has been a visible advocate for education and children's causes.[16] In 1995, Sheikh Hamad and his wife Sheikha Moza bint Nasser founded the Qatar Foundation.[20][21]

A sportsman

GCC, Asian and World Youth soccer championships; and initiating the Qatar Open Tennis Championship
which has grown to become one of two premier tennis competitions in the Middle East.

Hamad bin Khalifa in the Kremlin with Russian President Vladimir Putin, December 2001

Under his rule the Qatari government helped to fund the

Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting commented that in those efforts, "Powell and other U.S. officials were reportedly upset by the channel re-airing old interviews with bin Laden and the inclusion of guests that are too critical of the United States on its programs."[26][27] The Washington Post reported in 2005 that Sheik Hamad was under pressure to privatize the network.[28]

In 2010, Qatar was awarded the right to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. The country would become the first in the Middle East to host the world's biggest sporting event, beating stiff competition from the United States and Australia.[29]

Autocracy

Hamad ruled an autocratic regime in Qatar.[6] There was no organized political opposition in Qatar.[7] Freedom of expression was limited under his rule and dissent was prohibited.[8] National news outlets exercised self-censorship.[7]

Oil and gas wealth

US President George W. Bush and Hamad bin Khalifa in the Oval Office, 2003

Hamad was able to focus on turning

Carlton Hotel, Cannes.[44] QIA was considered to have one of the leading bids in the sales of both Anschutz Entertainment Group[45] and Hulu.[46] As of May 2013, it was reported the Investment Authority was in talks to purchase Neiman Marcus and Bergdorf Goodman.[47]

Hamad with US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton
, September 2010

Media sources claimed that Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani made a bid for

Glazer Family.[49] In 2012 it was rumoured that Sheik Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani was in bid for Rangers F.C.[50] On 30 March 2012 Sheik Al Thani offered to buy KF Tirana, although the details have yet to be published.[51]

Culture and education

In the arts, Hamad established the

Cézanne's The Card Players in 2012 for over US$250 million.[53] The art acquisition efforts were often represented by Sheikh Saud bin Mohammed Al Thani, president of Qatar's National Council for Culture, Arts and the Heritage.[54][55]

Sheikh Hamad with President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev in 2012

The Museum Authority sponsored

Participant Media, a production company founded by billionaire Jeffrey Skoll, who was the first employee and also first president of internet auction firm eBay.[65]

Under the patronage of Hamad and his wife

Weill Cornell Medical College.[1]

Retirement and later life

John Kerry meets with the former Emir in 2014

On 25 June 2013, Hamad handed over power to his son Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani in a televised speech.[66][67] In regards to the shift in power, Hamad said: "The time has come to open a new page in the journey of our nation that would have a new generation carry the responsibilities".[68]

Since his retirement, he is now popularly referred to as the Father Emir. His fourth son Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, from his second wife, Moza bint Nasser, is now the eighth and current Emir of Qatar.

Hamad is believed to have suffered from poor health for several years. In December 2015, he was flown to

Atlas mountains.[69]

Hamad underwent his first kidney transplant in 1997 [70] and at least one more at a later date [71]. The former emir is currently on dialysis.

Foreign relations

Crown Princess Margareta of Romania and her husband Prince Radu
, 2010

The Emir made a $100 million donation for the relief of New Orleans following the 2005 Hurricane Katrina.[72] He was a key person in the cease fire during the 2006 Lebanon War and contributed majorly in the relief of damaged areas.

In 2012, the Emir proposed deploying Arab troops to reduce killings in the

Camp As Sayliyah.[74]

Despite the prevalence of

Gaza War.[77] The emir has also expressed his objection to Israeli settlement policy, especially the Judaization of Jerusalem.[78][79]

Gaza and Hamas

In October 2012, the Emir made a landmark visit to Gaza by being the first head of state to go there since the 2006 election of Hamas and the imposition of a blockade by Israel.[80] He took a flight to Egypt before being driven into Gaza. While there, the emir was thought to be launching a $254 million reconstruction project in the territory, and giving an address to the Palestinian people. Palestine's interior ministry was said to have a "well-prepared plan" to provide security for the emir during his stay.[81] Incidents nevertheless continued.[82]

In October 2012, Hamad made a historic visit to Gaza and pledged US$400 million in humanitarian aid to Hamas, to build infrastructure projects and hospitals.[83] Despite Qatar's ties to Hamas, they maintain diplomatic and business relations with Israel.[84]

In December 2012, The New York Times accused the Qatari government of funding the

designated terrorist organization.[85] Others[who?] have noted the Emir's visit to Gaza and meeting with Hamas, which houses a militant wing, Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades.[86] However, Qatar denies these allegations, stating that its policy is to help facilitate constructive engagement between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority.[87]

In 2004, 2010, 2014, and 2017, the Qatari government introduced new anti-terror laws to combat terrorism, terrorism financing and related crimes. In 2019 the Qatari government introduced a new anti-money laundering and counter terror financing laws.[88]

In August 2020, the US State Department sent the Coordinator for Counterterrorism Nathan Sales to Doha to thank Qatar for their efforts against terrorism and to discuss Qatar's role in combating the financing of terrorism, its new Anti-Money Laundering/Countering the Financing of Terrorism legislation and its participation in the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS.[89]

Investments

In 2013, Hamad established the

Royal Dutch Shell.[90] It also holds about 17% stake in the Volkswagen Group, Porsche, Hochtief, as well as investments in Sainsbury's
.

Hamad is listed as owner of Afrodille S.A., which had a bank account in Luxembourg and shares in two South African companies. Al Thani also held a majority of the shares in Rienne S.A. and Yalis S.A., which held a term deposit with the Bank of China in Luxembourg. A relative owned 25% of these: Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim Al Thani, Qatar's former prime minister and foreign minister.

Marriages and children

Sheikh Hamad has three wives and twenty-four children, eleven sons and thirteen daughters:[citation needed]

  • Hamad's first wife is his first cousin, Sheikha Mariam bint Muhammad Al Thani, the daughter of his paternal uncle, Sheikh Muhammad bin Hamad bin Abdullah Al Thani.[91] They have two sons and six daughters, Namely:
    • Sheikh
      Mishaal bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
      (born 1972) – heir apparent of Qatar (1995–96)
    • Sheikh Fahad bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Aisha bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Fatima bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Rawdah bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Hessa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Mashael bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Sara bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani – Program Coordinator for Reach Out to Asia-Qatar (ROTAQ)
  • Hamad's second wife is Sheikha
    Al-Khor
    ), the daughter of Nasser bin Abdullah Al-Missned. They have five sons and two daughters, Namely:
  • Hamad's third wife is Sheikha Noora bint Khalid Al Thani, again his first cousin, the daughter of his paternal uncle, Sheikh
    Khalid bin Hamad Al Thani
    , who was the minister of the interior. They have four sons and five daughters, Namely:
    • Sheikh Khalid bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikh
      Abdullah bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
      – Deputy Emir of Qatar since 11 November 2014.
    • Sheikh
      Thani bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
      (born 16 January 1994).
    • Sheikh Al Qaqa bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (born 30 June 2000)
    • Sheikha Lulwah bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Maha bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Dana bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Alanoud bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
    • Sheikha Mariam bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani

Titles, styles, honours and awards

Styles of
Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
His Highness
Spoken styleYour Highness

Titles

  • 1 January 1952 – 22 February 1972: Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
  • 22 February 1972 – 1977: His Excellency Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
  • 1977 – 27 June 1995: His Highness Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Crown Prince of Qatar
  • 27 June 1995 – 25 June 2013: His Highness Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar
  • 25 June 2013 – present: His Highness Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Father Emir of Qatar[92][93]

Honours

Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani with Sheikha Moza bint Nasser Al-Missned

National honours

  • Qatar:
    • Former Sovereign Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Independence
    • Former Sovereign Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit

Foreign honours

Awards

See also

  • List of the richest royals

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External links

Media related to Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani at Wikimedia Commons

Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Born: 1952
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Emir of Qatar

1995–2013 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by
Prime Minister of Qatar

1995–1996 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamad_bin_Khalifa_Al_Thani&oldid=1219108773"