Hammerfest
Hammerfest Municipality
Hammerfest kommune Hámmerfeastta suohkan | |
---|---|
Vest-Finnmark | |
Established | 1 Jan 1838 |
• Created as | Formannskapsdistrikt |
Administrative centre | Hammerfest |
Government | |
• Mayor (2023) | Terje Rogde (H) |
Area | |
• Total | 2,692.81 km2 (1,039.70 sq mi) |
• Land | 2,557.83 km2 (987.58 sq mi) |
• Water | 134.98 km2 (52.12 sq mi) 5% |
• Rank | #19 in Norway |
Highest elevation | 1,078 m (3,537 ft) |
Population (2024) | |
• Total | 11,338 |
• Rank | #103 in Norway |
• Density | 4.2/km2 (11/sq mi) |
• Change (10 years) | no change% |
Demonym | Hammerfesting[2] |
Official language | |
• Norwegian form | Neutral |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
ISO 3166 code | NO-5603[4] |
Website | Official website |
Hammerfest (.
The 2,693-square-kilometre (1,040 sq mi) municipality is the 19th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Hammerfest is the 103rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 11,338. The municipality's population density is 4.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (11/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0% over the previous 10-year period.[5][6]
The municipality encompasses parts of three large islands:
General information
A municipality called Hammerfest by og landdistrikt (Hammerfest town and district) was established on 1 January 1838 (see
On 1 January 1992, Sørøysund Municipality (population: 2,341) was merged with the town of Hammerfest (population: 6,909) to form a new, larger municipality that was called Hammerfest Municipality.[7]
In 2017, the neighboring Hammerfest Municipality and Kvalsund Municipality voted to merge into one large municipality effective 1 January 2020,[8] and that merger came into effect on the planned date. Also on the same day, the new municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county. Previously, it had been part of the old Finnmark county.[9]
On 1 January 2024, the Troms og Finnmark county was divided and the municipality once again became part of Finnmark county.[10]
Name
The municipality is named after the
On 1 January 2020 when the neighboring Hammerfest Municipality and
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 16 December 1938, in preparation for the celebration of the 150th anniversary of the town's establishment in 1939. The official blazon is "Gules, a polar bear statant argent" (Norwegian: En hvit isbjørn i rødt). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a polar bear. The polar bear has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The polar bear was chosen as a symbol for the fishing in the polar seas north of Norway. The polar bear itself is not native to mainland Norway. Because of its town status, the arms often have a mural crown above them. The arms were designed by Ole Valle and the design was updated by Arvid Steen in 2001.[15][16][17]
Churches
The
Parish (sokn) | Church name | Location of the church | Year built |
---|---|---|---|
Hammerfest | Hammerfest Church | Hammerfest | 1961 |
Kvalsund | Kvalsund Church | Kvalsund |
1936 |
Sennalandet Chapel | Áisaroaivi | 1961 | |
Kokelv | Kokelv Church | Kokelv | 1960 |
History
This section needs expansion with: Post-WW2 information, especially reconstruction after the war and more recent events. You can help by adding to it. (June 2016) |
Many grave sites dating back to the
]Napoleonic Wars
During the
British attack
On 22 July 1809, the expected British attack came when the brigs HMS Snake and HMS Fancy approached the town. Before reaching Hammerfest, the two vessels had successfully attacked the village of Hasvik. The following battle between Hammerfest's two two-cannon batteries and the Royal Navy warships with a combined number of thirty-two cannon between them was unusually intense and did not end before the Norwegian cannons had run out of gunpowder after about 90 minutes of combat. Both warships had suffered a number of cannonball hits and had at least one fatal casualty; a sailor who was buried at the local cemetery. During the battle, the local populace evacuated the town, and the Snake and Fancy remained in the town for eight days after the Norwegian defenders withdrew. The crews sacked the empty town before withdrawing.[citation needed]
Improved fortifications
After the raid, Hammerfest became a garrison town with some regular troops and much improved and expanded fortifications. A small flotilla of cannon-armed rowing boats also operated out of Hammerfest for the remainder of the Napoleonic Wars.[citation needed]
Fire of 1890
Hammerfest was struck by a fire in 1890 which started in a bakery and wiped out almost half the town's houses. After the fire Hammerfest received donations and humanitarian assistance from across the world, with the biggest single donor being
Electric street lighting
In 1891, Hammerfest became the first urban settlement in Northern Europe to get electrical street lights.[18] The invention was brought to Hammerfest by two of the town's merchants who had seen it demonstrated at a fair in Paris.[19]
Destruction in World War II
After their victory in the
The main German U-boat base in Finnmark was in Hammerfest, serving as a central supply base for the vessels attacking the allied supply convoys to Russia.[20] Luftwaffe seaplanes were based at an improvised naval air station in nearby Rypefjord.[21] The garrison in Hammerfest was also protected by around 4,000 mines and numerous anti-aircraft guns.
During their long retreat following the
The town of Hammerfest was bombed twice by the Soviet Air Forces. The first time, on 14 February 1944, the town was hit by explosive and incendiary devices, but little damage was done. On 29 August 1944 Soviet bombers launched a second airstrike, inflicting significantly more damage to buildings and infrastructure in downtown Hammerfest. Two ships were sunk in the harbour.[23] The ships lost were the local transports Tanahorn and Brynilen.[24][25]
The population was forcibly evacuated by the
Mines and munitions left over from the Second World War were found and destroyed as late as 2008.[26]
Geography
The island municipality encompasses parts of the mainland as well as three large islands:
Hammerfest claims to be the
Some foreigners may find it strange that either Hammerfest or Honningsvåg claims to be cities, given the small size of both places. It may help to know that the Norwegian language does not distinguish between city and town. The closest translation for either term is the word by, meaning the translation from Norwegian to English is ambiguous.
Hammerfest has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc). In spite of the extreme northern location, there is no permafrost, as the mean annual temperature is approximately 2.5 °C (36 °F), about the same as Anchorage, Alaska, which is located at a latitude of 61° North. Hammerfest often experiences heavy snowfall in winter, and on some occasions, avalanches or risk of avalanches have forced some inhabitants to be evacuated from their exposed homes until the danger was over.[29]
The "midnight sun" is above the horizon from 14 May to 31 July (79 days), and the period with continuous daylight lasts a bit longer, conversely the polar night lasts from 23 November to 19 January (59 days). The weather data is from Hammerfest Airport about 80 m elevation and 2 km from the town. Hammerfest town is at sea level, thus the town itself might be slightly warmer.
Climate data for Hammerfest 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1957–present[a] | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
9.8 (49.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
28.9 (84.0) |
29.7 (85.5) |
29.3 (84.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
18.9 (66.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
9.9 (49.8) |
29.7 (85.5) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 4.8 (40.6) |
4.7 (40.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
8.2 (46.8) |
15.1 (59.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
24.4 (75.9) |
22.2 (72.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
11.9 (53.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
24.8 (76.6) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.3 (59.5) |
13.9 (57.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
5.3 (41.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
0.6 (33.1) |
5.5 (41.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.5 (25.7) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
0.1 (32.2) |
4.0 (39.2) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.3 (52.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.9 (37.2) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.7 (19.9) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
1.9 (35.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
8.9 (48.0) |
8.3 (46.9) |
5.7 (42.3) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
0.3 (32.5) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −14.1 (6.6) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
1.1 (34.0) |
5.2 (41.4) |
4.3 (39.7) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −23.5 (−10.3) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
−21.0 (−5.8) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−18.1 (−0.6) |
−20.4 (−4.7) |
−23.5 (−10.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 71 (2.8) |
65 (2.6) |
62 (2.4) |
60 (2.4) |
47 (1.9) |
52 (2.0) |
56 (2.2) |
60 (2.4) |
79 (3.1) |
93 (3.7) |
85 (3.3) |
90 (3.5) |
820 (32.3) |
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) | 74 (29) |
92 (36) |
105 (41) |
103 (41) |
70 (28) |
9 (3.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.4) |
13 (5.1) |
28 (11) |
54 (21) |
126 (50) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 15 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 160 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
76 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 74 | 76 | 77 | 80 | 79 | 80 | 79 | 77 | 77 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | −7.7 (18.1) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
0.2 (32.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
7.6 (45.7) |
7.1 (44.8) |
5.1 (41.2) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
Source 1: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[b][30][31][32] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: NOAA WMO averages 91-2020 Norway[33] |
Government
Hammerfest Municipality is responsible for
Municipal council
The
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 7 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 3 | |
Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) | 1 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 6 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Red Party (Rødt) |
2 | |
Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 3 | |
Northern Party (Partiet Nord) | 5 | |
Total number of members: | 35 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 2 | |
Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) | 1 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 2 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 | |
Red Party (Rødt) |
2 | |
Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 4 | |
Total number of members: | 35 | |
Note: On 1 January 2020, Kvalsund Municipality became part of Hammerfest Municipality. |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 20 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 1 | |
Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) | 1 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 3 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 3 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 19 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 2 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 15 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 3 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) | 1 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 3 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 20 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 2 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 3 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 2 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 15 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 2 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 9 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 11 | |
Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 1 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 12 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 2 | |
Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 22 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 9 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 9 | |
Joint list of the Centre Party (Senterpartiet) and the Liberal Party (Venstre) | 3 | |
Total number of members: | 45 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 17 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 6 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 1 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 3 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 20 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 1 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 16 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 8 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 1 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Red Electoral Alliance (Rød Valgallianse) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 16 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 6 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 | |
New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) | 1 | |
Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 4 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 19 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 | |
Socialist common list (Venstresosialistiske felleslister) | 3 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 6 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 1 | |
Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) | 2 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 7 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 2 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 6 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 3 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 3 | |
Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 29 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 15 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 4 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 5 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 4 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 15 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 4 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 6 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 15 | |
Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 7 | |
Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 6 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 17 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 6 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 5 | |
Total number of members: | 28 | |
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945. |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Conservative Party (Høyre) | 4 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 6 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 17 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 7 | |
Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Free-minded People's Party (Frisinnede Folkeparti) | 4 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 | |
Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 10 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 16 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 4 | |
Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Free-minded Liberal Party (Frisinnede Venstre) | 6 | |
Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 2 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
---|---|---|
Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 14 | |
Liberal Party (Venstre) | 3 | |
Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 8 | |
Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 3 | |
Total number of members: | 28 |
Mayors
The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Hammerfest:[59][60]
- 1839–1841: Hans Cato Aall
- 1841–1843: Henrik Øwre
- 1843–1845: Hans Cato Aall
- 1845–1846: Anton Magnus Søeberg
- 1846–1851: Iver Christian Rostad
- 1851–1854: Gerhard Wiesener
- 1855-1855: Iver Christian Rostad
- 1856-1856: Emanuel Dohren Peters
- 1857–1858: Gerhard Wiesener
- 1859–1860: Iver Christian Rostad
- 1861–1862: Ole Johan Finckenhagen
- 1863–1866: Elias Andreas Nilsen
- 1867-1867: Ole Lund
- 1868-1868: Jakob Sverdrup Smitt
- 1869–1870: Ole Lund
- 1871–1872: Jakob Sverdrup Smitt
- 1873–1876: Ole Lund
- 1877–1878: Carl Rein
- 1879–1887: Marius Ørbek Berg (H)
- 1887–1891: Ole Lund (H)
- 1892-1892: Christian Finckenhagen (H)
- 1893-1893: Peder Johansen (V)
- 1894-1894: Christian Finckenhagen (H)
- 1895–1901: Ole Kristian Simonsen (H)
- 1902-1902: Peder Johansen (V)
- 1903–1913: Hans Alfred Hansen (V)
- 1914–1917: Olaf Eriksen (Ap)
- 1918-1918: Svein O. Øraker (Ap)
- 1919-1920: Olaf Eriksen (Ap)
- 1921–1923: Sigurd M. Eriksen (Ap)
- 1924–1925: Charles Robertson (H)
- 1926–1931: Sigurd M. Eriksen (Ap)
- 1932–1934: Hans Sætrum (Ap)
- 1935-1935: Sigurd Marius Eriksen (Ap)
- 1936-1936: Leif S. Olsen (Ap)
- 1936–1941: Thoralf Albrigtsen (Ap)
- 1941–1944: Peder J. Berg (NS)
- 1945-1945: Thoralf Albrigtsen (Ap)
- 1946–1951: Harald J. Olsen (Ap)
- 1952–1961: Ørjan Østvik (Ap)
- 1962–1966: Anton Eide (Ap)
- 1966-1966: Ragnvald Jacobsen (Ap)
- 1967–1971: Aksel Olsen (Ap)
- 1972–1975: Arnulf Olsen (Ap)
- 1976–1983: Erling Jensen (Ap)
- 1984–1987: Arnulf Olsen (Ap)
- 1988–1995: Kåre Rønbeck (Ap)
- 1995–1999: Tormod Bartholdsen (H)
- 1999–2006: Alf E. Jakobsen (Ap)
- 2006–2009: Kristine Jørstad Bock (Ap)
- 2009–2019: Alf E. Jakobsen (Ap)
- 2019–2021: Marianne Sivertsen Næss (Ap)
- 2021–2023: Terje Wikstrøm (Ap)
- 2023-present: Terje Rogde (H)[61]
Economy and tourism
The construction of the large liquefied natural gas site on Melkøya (island) just off Hammerfest, which will process natural gas from Snøhvit, is the most expensive construction project in the history of Northern Norway. This project has resulted in an economic boom and new optimism in Hammerfest in recent years, a stark contrast to the economic downhill and negative population growth most other municipalities in Finnmark are experiencing.[62][63][64][65] After the opening of natural gas production on Melkøya there have been some problems with significant smoke and soot pollution in the initial production phases.[66] Snøhvit is Europe's first export facility for liquefied natural gas.[67]
Hammerfest offers
Hammerfest is also a centre of
The newspaper Hammerfestingen is published in Hammerfest.
American author
Transportation
Hammerfest is connected to the main road network by Norwegian national road 94 which branches off from European route E6 at Skaidi in the neighbouring municipality of Kvalsund. The town is a port of call for the Hurtigruten ship route. Hammerfest also has Finnmark's third largest airport, Hammerfest Airport, opened 30 July 1974. Before the opening of the airport, the only air link to Hammerfest was by seaplane, the first route established in 1936.[69]
Reindeer problems
During the summer, massive reindeer herds migrate from their winter pastures in the inner parts of Finnmark to the coast. Among the islands inhabited by reindeer during the summer months is Kvaløya, the island on which Hammerfest town is located. For years many of the 2,500 to 3,000 reindeer in the area have been coming into the town itself, wandering in the streets and among the houses. Although popular with tourists, this has been less favourably received by the town's population, with people complaining of traffic disturbances and the dung and urine left by the animals. For hygienic reasons large sums of money have to be spent every year to clean up after the animals.[70] In response to the complaints the town authorities built a 20-kilometre-long (12 mi), 1.2-metre-tall (4 ft) fence encircling the town to keep the animals out.[71] However, as of the 2008 reindeer season, the fence had proven ineffective, with reindeer managing to pass through on road crossings, despite the presence of electrified grates embedded in the ground.[72] The problem continues – the mayor, Alf E. Jakobsen, joked during the local election in 2011 that he was contemplating a career as a reindeer herder if he lost the vote.[73]
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Hammerfest is
- – Haparanda, Sweden[74]
- – Ikast, Denmark[75]
- – Mokpo, South Korea[77]
- – Petersburg, Alaska, United States[78]
- – Tornio, Finland[79]
- – Trelleborg, Sweden[75]
- – Ushuaia, Argentina
Foreign consulates
Denmark,[80] Sweden,[81] Finland[82] and the Netherlands[83] have honorary consulates in Hammerfest.
Notable people
- Sir John Rice Crowe (1795–1877), an English businessman and diplomat, deputy vice-consul in Hammerfest and British consul in Finnmark who lived in Hammerfest
- Ole Olsen(1850–1927), an organist, composer, conductor, and military musician
- Adolf Lindstrøm (1866–1939), a chef and polar explorer
- Paal Berg (1873–1968), a politician who was the 12th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1929 to 1946
- Charles Robertson (1875–1958), the Norwegian Minister of Trade from 1926–1928
- Jørgen Holmboe (1902–1979), a Norwegian-American meteorologist
- Per Møystad Backe (1914–1991), a jurist who developed Scandinavian Airlines
- Annemarie Lorentzen (1921–2008), a teacher, politician, and Norwegian ambassador to Iceland from 1978 to 1985
- Knut Moe (1921–1989), a Norwegian resistance member in WWII and radio agent for the SIS
- Kåre Berg (1932–2009), a professor in medical genetics who discovered the Lipoprotein(a)
- Sven Ullring (born 1935), an engineer and businessperson
- Turi Josefsen (born 1936), a Norwegian-American businesswoman
- Kåre Kivijärvi (1938-1991), a photographer who did photojournalistic work in Northern Norway
- Bjørn Sundquist (born 1948), an actor who is famous for TV, theatre, and movie roles [84]
- Annelise Josefsen (born 1949), a Norwegian-Sami artist
- Bodil Niska (born 1954), a jazz musician on saxophone who grew up in Hammerfest
- Thomas Thormodsæter Haugen, known as Samoth, (born 1974), a black metal musician and multi-instrumentalist
- Gunnar Garfors (born 1975), a traveller, author, media professional, and public speaker
- Máret Ánne Sara (born 1983), a Sami artist and author who lives and works in Kautokeino
- Hvaldimir, a beluga whale known for mysterious Russian origins and frequent appearances in Hammerfest Harbour
Sport
- Fred Børre Lundberg (born 1969), a Nordic skier who won two team silver medals and one team gold medal at the Winter Olympics and an individual gold at the 1994 Winter Olympics
- Christine Bøe Jensen (born 1975), a former footballer and team gold medallist at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Bibliography
- Brooke, Arthur de Capell (1826). A winter in Lapland and Sweden, with various observations relating to Finmark and its inhabitants. John Murray.
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{{cite book}}
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Notes
- ^ Regarding the temperature data of Hammerfest, the data from 1957 to 1987 was recorded at Hammerfest Radio, and the temperature data from 2002 to the present was recorded at Hammerfest Airport.
- ^ Extreme snow depth, precipitation and precipitation days 1961-90, dew point and humidity 1991-2020
External links
- Municipal fact sheet Archived 21 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
- Webcam Hammerfest
- Hammerfest travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Information from Statoil about the Snøhvit LNG construction
- Tromsø University Museum: Maritime hunter - fishers through 10,000 years at Melkøya
- Hammerfest official tourist information
- Finnmark University College
- Arctic booms as climate change melts polar ice cap
- Power station using tidal current as energy in Kvalsund
- New oil field discovered only 45 km (28 mi) off the coast
- Goliat oil field larger than previously thought
- Information about the planned natural gas power plant with CO2 reduction (in Norwegian)