Haplogroup R0

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Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA)
)
Haplogroup R0
Possible time of origin23,600 to 54,900 YBP
HV
Defining mutations73, 11719[2]

Haplogroup R0 (formerly known as haplogroup pre-HV[3]) is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Origin

Haplogroup R0 derives from the

haplogroup HV, and is therefore antecedent to the haplogroups H and V
.

R0's greater subclade variety in the Arabian Peninsula suggests that the clade originated in and spread from there.

R0a is believed to have evolved in Ice Age oases in South Arabia around 22,000 years ago. The subclade would then have spread from there with the onset of the Late Glacial period circa 15,000 ybp.[4]

Distribution

Haplogroup R0 has been found in around 55% of osteological remains belonging to the

Eneolithic Trypillia culture.[5]

The R0 clade has also been found among

Epipaleolithic. Among the Taforalt individuals, around 17% of the observed haplotypes belonged to various R0 subclades, including R0a1a (3/24; 13%) and R0a2c (1/24; 4%). Among the Afalou individuals, one R0a1a haplotype was detected (1/9; 11%).[6]

R0 has likewise been observed among mummies excavated at the

Roman periods.[7]

The 3rd century AD Catholic Church Saint, Fortunato of Serracapriola, was also found to carry the R0a'b subclade.[citation needed]

R0 today occurs commonly in the Arabian peninsula, with its highest frequency observed nearby among the

Sahrawi (9.26%; 0.93% R0a and 8.33% R0a1a),[13] Gaalien (9%),[12] Beja (8.3%),[12] Nubians (8%),[8] Arakien (5.9%),[12] Yemenis (5.1–27.7%),[8] Iraqis (4.8%),[8] Druze (4.3%),[8] Palestinians (4%),[8] Algerians (1.67%),[13] and Saudis (0–25%).[8]

Subclades

Tree

Phylogenetic tree of haplogroup R0 subclades
Arabian peninsula, with a peak in nearby Socotra
(~40%; see observed frequencies above)

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup R0 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[2] and subsequent published research.

  • R
    • R0 (or pre-HV)
      • R0a'b – Albania
        • R0a (or (pre-HV)1)
          • R0a1 or (pre-HV)1a
            • R0a1a – Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Lebanon, Italy
              • R0a1a1 – Yemen,[14] Tunisia[15]
              • R0a1a2 – Ethiopia[16]
              • R0a1a3
              • R0a1a4 – Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq
            • R0a1-T152C! – Morocco, Spain
              • R0a1b – Arabia[4]
          • R0a-60.1T – Italy, Armenians of Turkey,[17] Kalash of Pakistan[18]
        • R0b – Italy,[46] Azerbaijan[47]
      • HV
        • HV0
          • HV0a
        • H

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA).

Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

 
L
) 		   
L0 L1–6  
L1
L2
  
L3
    
L4
L5
L6
M N  
CZ
 D E G Q   O A S R   I
W
 X
Y
C Z B F
R0
   pre-JT   P  
U
HV
JT
 K
H V J T

References

  1. PMID 19500773
    .
  2. ^
    S2CID 27566749
    .
  3. ^ Haplogroup H Sub-clades, Family Tree DNA
  4. ^
    PMID 27146119
    .
  5. doi:10.24916/iansa.2011.1.1
    . Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  6. S2CID 4490910
    .
  7. PMID 28556824
    .
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Non, Amy (2010). Analyses of Genetic Data Within An Interdisciplinary Framework to Investigate Recent Human Evolutionary History and Complex Disease (PDF) (PhD dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
  9. PMID 19012329. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
  10. PMID 15077202. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2009-11-23. Retrieved 2009-08-23.
  11. PMID 21533064
    .
  12. ^ a b c d Mohamed, Hisham Yousif Hassan. "Genetic Patterns of Y-chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Variation, with Implications to the Peopling of the Sudan" (PDF). University of Khartoum. Retrieved 16 April 2016.
  13. ^
    PMID 26402429.; S5 Table
  14. ^
    PMID 20643865
    .
  15. ^ GenBank Accession number: HM185263.1
  16. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407023.1
  17. ^ GenBank Accession number: KX499665.1
  18. PMID 34345711
    .
  19. ^ GenBank Accession number: KM245132.1
  20. PMID 32752197
    .
  21. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407060.1
  22. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407059.1
  23. PMID 32752197
    .
  24. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407061.1
  25. ^ GenBank Accession number: HM185243.1
  26. ^ GenBank Accession number: HM185246.1
  27. ^ GenBank Accession number: KY410137.1
  28. ^ GenBank Accession number: HM185244.1
  29. ISBN 978-1644699843
    .
  30. PMID 33293675
    .
  31. ^ GenBank Accession number: ON155501.1
  32. ISBN 978-1644699843
    .
  33. ISBN 978-1644699843
    .
  34. ^ GenBank Accession number: OR678686.1
  35. ISBN 978-1644699843
    .
  36. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407062.1
  37. ^ GenBank Accession number: MK217175.1
  38. S2CID 209561126
    .
  39. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407063.1
  40. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407064.1
  41. ^ GenBank Accession number: HM185223.1
  42. ^ GenBank Accession number: KC911556.1
  43. ^ GenBank Accession number: KY797195.1
  44. ^ GenBank Accession number: KP407075.1
  45. ISBN 978-1644699843
    .
  46. ^ GenBank Accession number: KT272407.1
  47. ^ GenBank Accession number: KT272406.1

External links

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