Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | |
---|---|
Directed by | Chris Columbus |
Screenplay by | Steve Kloves |
Based on | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone by J. K. Rowling |
Produced by | David Heyman |
Starring | |
Cinematography | John Seale |
Edited by | Richard Francis-Bruce |
Music by | John Williams |
Production companies | |
Distributed by | Warner Bros. Pictures[2] |
Release dates |
|
Running time | 152 minutes[3] |
Countries | |
Language | English |
Budget | $125 million[5] |
Box office | $1.024 billion[5] |
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (also known as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States) is a 2001
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone was released to cinemas in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 10 and 11 November 2001 for two days of previews. The film opened on 16 November in the United States, Canada, and Taiwan as well as officially in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It became a critical and commercial success, grossing $974 million at the worldwide box office during its initial run, and over $1 billion with subsequent re-releases. It became the
Plot
Late one night,
Ten years later, just before Harry's eleventh birthday, owls begin delivering letters addressed to him. When the abusive Dursleys adamantly refuse to allow Harry to open any and flee to an island hut, Hagrid arrives to personally deliver Harry's letter of acceptance to Hogwarts. Hagrid also reveals that Harry's late parents,
At
As he studies magic, Harry learns more about his parents and Voldemort, and his innate talent for
The trio discover that Fluffy is guarding the
After overcoming the barriers, Harry encounters
Harry recovers in the school infirmary. Dumbledore tells him the stone has been destroyed to prevent misuse, and that Ron and Hermione are safe. He also reveals how Harry defeated Quirrell: when Lily died to save Harry, a love-based protection against Voldemort was placed on him. At the end-of-school-year feast, Harry, Ron, and Hermione are rewarded extra house points for their heroism, tying Gryffindor for first place with Slytherin; Dumbledore then awards ten points to their housemate Neville Longbottom for having had the courage to stand up to the trio, granting Gryffindor the House Cup. Harry returns to the Dursleys for the summer, happy to finally have a real home at Hogwarts.
Cast
- Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Columbus had wanted Radcliffe for the role since he saw him in the BBC's production of David Copperfield before the open casting sessions had taken place but had been told by casting director Susan Figgis that Radcliffe's protective parents would not allow their son to take part.[6] Columbus explained that his persistence in giving Radcliffe the role was responsible for Figgis' resignation.[6] Radcliffe was asked to audition in 2000 when Heyman and Kloves met him and his parents at a production of Stones in His Pockets in London.[7] Heyman and Columbus successfully managed to convince Radcliffe's parents that their son would be protected from media intrusion. They agreed to let him play Harry.[6] Rowling approved of Radcliffe's casting, stating that "having seen [his] screen test I don't think Chris Columbus could have found a better Harry."[8] Radcliffe was reportedly paid £1 million for the film, although he felt the fee was "not that important" to him.[9] The Saunders triplets appear as Harry as a baby.[10]
- Newsround report about the open casting he sent in a video of himself rapping about how he wished to receive the part. His attempt was successful as the casting team asked for a meeting with him.[9]
- Emma Watson as Hermione Granger:
Harry's other best friend and the trio's brains. Watson's Oxford theatre teacher passed her name on to the casting agents and she had to do over five interviews before she got the part.[11] Watson took her audition seriously, but "never really thought [she] had any chance of getting the role."[9] The producers were impressed by Watson's self-confidence and she outperformed the thousands of other girls who had applied.[12] - ghost of Gryffindor House.[13]
- Griphook, who is embodied by Verne Troyer.[20]
- Richard Harris as Albus Dumbledore: Hogwarts' Headmaster and one of the most famous and powerful wizards of all time. Harris initially rejected the role, only to reverse his decision after his granddaughter stated she would never speak to him again if he did not take it.[21][22][23]
- Quirinus Quirrell:
The stuttering Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher at Hogwarts.[19] Hart also voiced Lord Voldemort,[24] while Richard Bremmer provided his physical appearance and portrayed him as a hooded figure during a flashback.[24][25] - Ollivanders.[19]
- Alan Rickman as Severus Snape: The Potions Master and head of Slytherin House.
- Petunia Dursley: Harry's Muggle aunt.[19]
- Maggie Smith as Minerva McGonagall: The Deputy Headmistress, head of Gryffindor and transfiguration teacher at Hogwarts. Smith was one of the two actors Rowling wanted most, along with Coltrane as Hagrid.[14]
- Molly Weasley: Ron's mother. She shows Harry how to get to Platform 9+3⁄4.[26]
Additionally,
Production
Development
In 1997, producer David Heyman searched for a children's book that could be adapted into a well-received film.[39] He had planned to produce Diana Wynne Jones' novel The Ogre Downstairs, but his plans fell through. His staff at Heyday Films then suggested Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, which his assistant believed was "a cool idea."[39] Heyman pitched the idea to Warner Bros.[40] and in 1999, Rowling sold the company the rights to the first four Harry Potter books for a reported £1 million.[41] A demand Rowling made was for Heyman to keep the cast strictly British and Irish; the latter's case has Richard Harris as Dumbledore and Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley, and not to cast foreign actors unless absolutely necessary, like casting of French and Eastern European actors in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005) where characters from the book are specified as such.[42] Rowling was hesitant to sell the rights because she "didn't want to give them control over the rest of the story" by selling the rights to the characters, which would have enabled Warner Bros. to make non-author-written sequels.[43]
Although
"Harry Potter is the kind of timeless literary achievement that comes around once in a lifetime. Since the books have generated such a passionate following across the world, it was important to us to find a director that has an affinity for both children and magic. I can't think of anyone more ideally suited for this job than Chris."
After Spielberg left, talks began with other directors, including Chris Columbus, Terry Gilliam, Jonathan Demme, Mike Newell (who would later direct the fourth film), Alan Parker, Wolfgang Petersen, Rob Reiner, Ivan Reitman, Tim Robbins, Brad Silberling, M. Night Shyamalan and Peter Weir.[46][50][51] Petersen and Reiner both pulled out of the running in March 2000,[52] and the choice was narrowed down to Silberling, Columbus, Parker and Gilliam.[53] Rowling's first choice director was Terry Gilliam,[54] but Warner Bros. chose Columbus, citing his work on other family films such as Home Alone (1990) and Mrs. Doubtfire (1993) as influences for their decision.[49] Columbus had become a fan of the book series after his daughter persuaded him to read the first three books, leading him to call his agent to arrange a meeting at Warner Bros. to direct the film. When his agent told him that at least 25 other directors were eager to helm the project, Columbus requested his agent to secure his meeting to be the last one so he could give a "lasting impression" and be the studio's "freshest person in their memory". During two weeks of waiting, Columbus wrote a 130-page director's version of the screenplay to explain his vision for the film's tone. The day of his meeting with Warner Bros. executives including Alan F. Horn, Columbus delivered an "impassioned 45-minute talk" and showed them his annotated script. Weeks later, the studio notified Columbus that he had got the job and sent him to Scotland to meet with Rowling and Heyman.[55] Columbus pitched his vision of the film for two hours, stating that he wanted the Muggle scenes "to be bleak and dreary" but those set in the wizarding world "to be steeped in color, mood, and detail." He took inspiration from David Lean's adaptations of Great Expectations (1946) and Oliver Twist (1948), wishing to use "that sort of darkness, that sort of edge, that quality to the cinematography," while being further inspired by the colour designs from Oliver! (1968) and The Godfather (1972).[46]
Steve Kloves was selected to write the screenplay. He described adapting the book as "tough", as it did not "lend itself to adaptation as well as the next two books."[56] Kloves often received synopses of books proposed as film adaptations from Warner Bros., which he "almost never read", but Harry Potter jumped out at him.[40] He went out and bought the book, and became an instant fan of the series.[56] When speaking to Warner Bros., he stated that the film had to be British, and had to be true to the characters.[56] Kloves was nervous when he first met Rowling as he did not want her to think he was going to "[destroy] her baby."[40] Rowling admitted that she "was really ready to hate this Steve Kloves," but recalled her initial meeting with him: "The first time I met him, he said to me, 'You know who my favourite character is?' And I thought, You're gonna say Ron. I know you're gonna say Ron. But he said 'Hermione.' And I just kind of melted."[40] Rowling received a large amount of creative control, an arrangement that Columbus did not mind.
Warner Bros. had initially planned to release the film over 4 July 2001 weekend, making for such a short production window that several proposed directors pulled themselves out of the running. Due to time constraints, the date was put back to 16 November 2001.[57]
Casting
Rowling insisted that the cast be kept British.
Filming
Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom, offering their assistance in securing filming locations, the use of
Because the American title was different, all scenes that mention the philosopher's stone by name had to be shot twice, once with the actors saying "philosopher's" and once with "sorcerer's".[50] The children filmed for four hours and then did three hours of schoolwork. They developed a liking for fake facial injuries from the makeup staff. Radcliffe was initially meant to wear green contact lenses as his eyes are blue, and not green like Harry's, but the lenses gave Radcliffe extreme irritation. Upon consultation with Rowling, it was agreed that Harry could have blue eyes.[85]
The steam engine used in the film as the Hogwarts Express was GWR 4900 Class 5972 Olton Hall, but it was originally not the first locomotive to be selected as the Hogwarts Express. To promote the books, the Southern Railway locomotive 34027 Taw Valley was repainted and renamed temporarily, but was rejected by director Chris Columbus as looking 'too modern' for the film.[86][87]
Design and special effects
Columbus originally planned to use both animatronics and CGI animation to create the magical creatures, including Fluffy.
Music
John Williams was selected to compose the score, having previously collaborated with Chris Columbus for Home Alone and Home Alone 2: Lost in New York.[92] Williams composed the score at his homes in Los Angeles and Tanglewood before recording it in London in September 2001. One of the main themes is entitled "Hedwig's Theme"; Williams retained it for his finished score as "everyone seemed to like it," and it became a recurring theme throughout the series.[93] James Horner was the first choice to compose the score but turned it down.[94]
Differences from the book
Columbus repeatedly checked with Rowling to make sure he was getting minor details correct.[89] Kloves described the film as being "really faithful" to the book. He added dialogue, of which Rowling approved. One of the lines originally included had to be removed after Rowling told him that it would directly contradict an event in the then-unreleased fifth Harry Potter novel Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.[95]
Several minor characters have been removed from the film version, most prominently
The book's timeline is not enforced in the film. In the book, Harry's eleventh birthday is in 1991.
Distribution
Marketing
The first teaser poster of the film was released on 1 December 2000.
Theatrical release
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone had its
The film had previews in the United Kingdom on 1,137 screens at 491 theatres on 10 and 11 November 2001.[107] It officially opened on 16 November 2001 on 1,168 screens at 507 theatres in the United Kingdom and Ireland; in 3,672 theatres in the United States and Canada. It was the widest release at the time in the United Kingdom and the United States.[108][109]
Home media
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone was first released on VHS and DVD on 11 May 2002 in the United Kingdom[110] and 28 May 2002 in the United States.[111] Between May and June 2002, the film sold 10 million copies, almost 60% of which were DVD sales.[112] It would go on to make $19.1 million in rentals, surpassing The Fast and the Furious for having the largest DVD rentals.[113] This record was surpassed by The Bourne Identity in January 2003.[114]
In December 2009, a 4-disc "Ultimate Edition" was released, with seven minutes of deleted scenes added back in, the feature-length special Creating the World of Harry Potter Part 1: The Magic Begins, and a 48-page hardcover booklet.
Reception
Box office
In the United Kingdom and Ireland, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone grossed a record single day gross of £3.6 million during the first day of previews, beating Toy Story 2's record. It grossed a record £3.1 million for a Sunday, bringing its total to £6.7 million from the previews.[107][120] It broke the record for the highest-opening weekend ever, both including and excluding previews, making £16.3 million with and £9.6 million without previews ($13.8 million), setting a further record single day gross on the Saturday with £3.99 million.[121][122][120] It set another Sunday record with a gross of £3.6 million.[122] It had a record second weekend of £8.4 million.[123][120] It remained at number one in the UK for five weeks.[120] The film went on to make £66.1 million in the UK alone, making it the country's second-highest-grossing film of all-time (after Titanic), until it was surpassed by Mamma Mia!.[124]
In the United States and Canada, it made $32.3 million on its opening day, breaking the single-day record previously held by Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace (1999).[125] On the second day of release, the film's gross increased to $33.5 million, breaking the record for biggest single day again. It made $90.3 million during its first weekend, breaking the record for highest-opening weekend of all time that was previously held by The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997).[126] It held the record until the following May when Spider-Man (2002) made $114.8 million in its opening weekend.[127] Plus, the film broke Batman Forever's record for having the largest opening weekend for a Warner Bros. film.[128] It would hold this record for two years until it was surpassed by The Matrix Reloaded (2003).[129] Additionally, it shattered other opening records, surpassing Monsters, Inc. for having the biggest November opening weekend, Planet of the Apes for having the largest non-holiday opening weekend, the highest Friday gross and the biggest opening weekend of the year, The Mummy Returns for scoring the highest Saturday gross, Home Alone 2: Lost in New York (1992) for having the highest opening weekend for a Chris Columbus film and Mission: Impossible 2 (2000) for having the largest number of screenings, playing at 3,672 theaters.[130] In just five days, it became the fastest film to approach the $100 million mark.[131] The film grossed $2.3 million in its first two days in Taiwan,[108] giving it a worldwide opening weekend total of $107 million. The film held onto the number 1 spot at the US box office for three consecutive weekends before getting overtaken by Ocean's Eleven.[132][133][134] The film also had the highest-grossing 5-day (Wednesday-Sunday) Thanksgiving weekend record of $82.4 million, holding the title for twelve years until both The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013) and Frozen (2013) surpassed it with $110.1 million and $94 million respectively.[135] By Christmas, it went on to become the highest-grossing film of the year, dethroning Shrek.[136]
Similar results were achieved across the world. A week after opening in the United States, the film added 15 additional markets and set an opening week record in Germany, grossing $18.7 million. It also set opening records in Austria, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and German-speaking Switzerland.[123] In the following weekend, after expanding to 31 countries, the film set a record overseas weekend gross of $60.9 million, including record openings in Australia, Greece, Israel, Japan ($12.5 million), New Zealand and Spain.[137] It set another overseas weekend record with $62.3 million from 37 countries the following weekend, including record openings in France, Italy and French-speaking Switzerland.[138] The international opening weekend record would be held until it was given to Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002) a year later.[139] During its theatrical run, the film earned $974 million at the worldwide box office, $317 million of that in the US and $657 million elsewhere,[5] which made it the second-highest-grossing film in history at the time,[140] as well as the year's highest-grossing film.[141] In addition, it surpassed Twister (1996) to become the highest-grossing Warner Bros. film of all time.[142] It is the second-highest-grossing Harry Potter film after Deathly Hallows – Part 2.[143] Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 55.9 million tickets in the US and Canada.[144]
In August 2020, The Philosopher's Stone was re-released in several countries, including a 4K 3D restoration in China,[145] where it earned $26.4 million, for a global $1.017 billion, making it the second film in the series to surpass the billion-dollar mark, after Deathly Hallows – Part 2.[5]
Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 81% based on 200 reviews, with an average rating of 7.1/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone adapts its source material faithfully while condensing the novel's overstuffed narrative into an involving – and often downright exciting – big-screen magical caper."[146] On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 65 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[147] Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[148]
Richard Corliss, of Time magazine, considered the film a "by the numbers adaptation," criticising the pace and the "charisma-free" lead actors.[156] CNN's Paul Tatara found that Columbus and Kloves "are so careful to avoid offending anyone by excising a passage from the book, the so-called narrative is more like a jamboree inside Rowling's head."[157] Ed Gonzalez of Slant Magazine wished that the film had been directed by Tim Burton, finding the cinematography "bland and muggy," and the majority of the film a "solidly dull celebration of dribbling goo."[158] Elvis Mitchell of The New York Times was highly negative about the film, saying "[the film] is like a theme park that's a few years past its prime; the rides clatter and groan with metal fatigue every time they take a curve." He also said it suffered from "a lack of imagination" and wooden characters, adding, "The Sorting Hat has more personality than anything else in the movie."[29]
Accolades
Philosopher's Stone received three
Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipients | Result | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Academy Awards | 24 March 2002 | Best Art Direction
|
Stuart Craig, Stephenie McMillan | Nominated | [159] |
Best Costume Design | Judianna Makovsky | Nominated | |||
Best Original Score | John Williams | Nominated | |||
Amanda Awards | 18 August 2002 | Best Foreign Feature Film | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [168] |
American Film Institute Awards | 5 January 2002
|
Best Digital Effects Artist | Robert Legato, Nick Davis, Roger Guyett | Nominated | [164] |
ADG Excellence in Production Design Award
|
24 February 2002 | Excellence in Production Design for a Period or Fantasy Film | Stuart Craig, John King, Neil Lamont, Andrew Ackland-Snow, Peter Francis, Michael Lamont, Simon Lamont, Steve Lawrence, Lucinda Thomson, Stephen Morahan, Dominic Masters, Gary Tomkins | Nominated | [165] |
Bogey Awards | 2001 | Bogey Award in Titanium | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Won | [169] |
British Academy Film Awards | 24 February 2002 | Best British Film
|
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [160] |
Best Supporting Actor | Robbie Coltrane | Nominated | |||
Best Costume Design | Judianna Makovsky | Nominated | |||
Best Production Design | Stuart Craig | Nominated | |||
Best Makeup and Hair | Nick Dudman, Eithne Fennel, Amanda Knight | Nominated | |||
Best Sound | Graham Daniel, Adam Daniel, Ray Merrin, John Midgley, Eddy Joseph | Nominated | |||
Best Visual Effects | Robert Legato, Nick Davis, John Richardson, Roger Guyett, Jim Berney | Nominated | |||
Broadcast Film Critics Association Award
|
11 January 2002 | Best Family Film | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Won | [166] |
Best Child Performance | Daniel Radcliffe | Nominated | |||
Best Composer | John Williams | Nominated | |||
Broadcast Music Incorporated Film & TV Awards
|
15 May 2002 | BMI Film Music Award | John Williams | Won | [170] |
Casting Society of America | 17 October 2002 | Feature Film Casting – Comedy | Janet Hirshenson, Jane Jenkins | Won | [162] |
Costume Designers Guild Award | 16 March 2002 | Excellence in Fantasy Film | Judianna Makovsky | Won | [163] |
American Cinema Editors | 24 February 2002 | Best Edited Feature Film – Dramatic
|
Richard Francis-Bruce | Nominated | [171] |
Empire Awards | 5 February 2002 | Best Film | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [172] |
Best Debut | Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint, and Emma Watson | Nominated | |||
Evening Standard British Film Awards | 2 March 2002 | Technical Achievement Award | Stuart Craig | Won | [173] |
Golden Reel Awards | 23 March 2002 | Best Sound Editing – Foreign Film
|
Eddy Joseph, Martin Cantwell, Nick Lowe, Colin Ritchie, Peter Holt | Nominated | [174] |
Grammy Awards | 23 February 2003 | Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media
|
John Williams | Nominated | [175] |
Best Instrumental Composition
|
John Williams (for "Hedwig's Theme") | Nominated | |||
Hugo Awards
|
29 August–2 September 2002 | Best Dramatic Presentation | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [176] |
Japan Academy Film Prize | 8 March 2002 | Outstanding Foreign Language Film
|
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [177] |
Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards | 20 April 2002 | Favorite Movie | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [178] |
MTV Movie Awards
|
1 June 2002 | Breakthrough Male Performance | Daniel Radcliffe | Nominated | [179] |
Producers Guild of America Awards | 3 March 2002 | Producer of the Year Award in Theatrical Motion Pictures | David Heyman | Nominated | [180] |
Satellite Awards | 19 January 2002 | Best Motion Picture, Animated or Mixed Media | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [181] |
Best Editing | Richard Francis-Bruce | Nominated | |||
Best Art Direction | Stuart Craig | Nominated | |||
Best Visual Effects | Robert Legato, Nick Davis, Roger Guyett, John Richardson | Nominated | |||
Outstanding New Talent | Rupert Grint | Won | [182] | ||
Saturn Awards | 10 June 2002 | Best Fantasy Film | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [161] |
Best Director | Chris Columbus | Nominated | |||
Best Supporting Actor | Robbie Coltrane | Nominated | |||
Supporting Actress | Maggie Smith | Nominated | |||
Best Performance by a Younger Actor | Daniel Radcliffe | Nominated | |||
Emma Watson | Nominated | ||||
Best Costume | Judianna Makovsky | Won | |||
Best Make-up
|
Nick Dudman, Mark Coulier, John Lambert | Nominated | |||
Best Special Effects | Robert Legato, Nick Davis, Roger Guyett, John Richardson | Nominated | |||
Stinkers Bad Movie Awards | 2002 | Most Intrusive Musical Score | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [183] |
Teen Choice Awards | 19 August 2002 | Choice Movie – Drama/Action Adventure | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [184] |
Young Artist Awards | 7 April 2002 | Best Family Feature Film – Drama | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | [185] |
Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actress | Emma Watson (tied with Scarlett Johansson) | Won | |||
Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actor | Tom Felton | Nominated | |||
Best Ensemble in a Feature Film | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Nominated | |||
Most Promising Young Newcomer | Rupert Grint | Won |
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