Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory
Marine sciences, Pacific maritime heritage, marine engineering | |
Location | Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, United States |
---|---|
Campus | University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa |
Website | http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/ |
The Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Laboratory (HURL) is a regional undersea research program within the
HURL suspended operations after the retirement of the support ship Kaʻimikai-o-Kanaloa, but may resume operations in the future.[5]
Science Dive Program
The Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Laboratory was founded in cooperation with U.S. government's
At the end of March in 2012, NOAA zeroed out all funding to HURL and closed down its National Undersea Research Center (NURC, formerly NURP). All program assets owned by NOAA were gifted to the University of Hawaiʻi. The lab continued to operate on residual funding and on what limited funding that the University of Hawaiʻi could provide. Anticipating this decline in funding, HURL resurrected some of their old technology by placing their Launch, Recovery, and Transport (LRT) back into service. The LRT-12 and the LRT-30a were submersible pontoon barges, that were used from 1981–1996 to launch the Makaliʻi and the Pisces V respectfully before the arrival of University of Hawaiʻi research ship, Kai’imi’kai o’ Kanaloa (KOK). By returning to operating of the LRT-30a, the lab was able to reduce their day rate by nearly 70%, thus making them more attractive to potential customers. HURL continued to operate through the 2013 and 2014 dive seasons logging another 46 dives. Maritime Heritage and documentary dives contributed more needed financing, but it was evident that the University of Hawaiʻi would be unable to financially carry the program for any duration without more outside support. By January 1, 2015, nearly all of HURL's staff had been let go leaving only a few personnel to maintain the two submersibles.[10]
In June 2015, a proposed science expedition to China had emerged, allowing HURL to proceed with its required refit on the Pisces IV and the addition of more operations personnel. The project was scheduled for March to July 2016. However, after completing their series of test dives and within two days of their scheduled departure, the project was “put on hold” indefinitely due to “increased tensions in the South China Sea”.
Maritime Heritage Discoveries and Ordnance Surveys
On December 6, 1984 the submersible Makaliʻi came upon a fully intact Douglas SBD-5 Dauntless dive bomber. This aircraft was found 213 m deep off
On March 3, 2009 HURL began a series of dives off South Oʻahu under contract with the US Army to conduct an assessment of the chemical weapons disposed at sea after WWII. The Hawaiʻi Undersea Military Munitions Assessment (HUMMA) project led by Margo Edwards consisted of 16 dives in 2009 and 14 dives in 2012.[16] Although HURL has observed thousands of pieces of ordnance of numerous types over the past decades, the primary weapon of interest for this project was the M41A2 100-pound mustard gas bombs of which it is estimated that 16,000 were disposed of off Oahu. More than 100 of this particular type of bomb have been observed and several were selected for survey. Samples were collected from the sediment, water, and marine life in the immediate vicinity of these bombs. Other conventional weapons, and areas void of ordnance, were also surveyed for comparison.[11]
Salvage & Special Projects
In addition to its traditional science dive program, HURL has also conducted a number of dives to locate and recover lost vehicles or instruments. This started with the recovery of the SeaMarc II lost off South Oahu in January 1989. As of 2015, HURL had recovered eleven items from the deep sea with a 100% success rate. The submersibles have also been chartered by several non-academic organizations for various projects that range from pipeline inspections, sewer outfall surveys, cable route surveys, and numerous television documentaries. In 2011 and again in 2013, the Pisces V made dives in conjunction with technical divers. The submersible would pinpoint particular sites of interest and deploy a buoy with down line for the divers. This allowed the divers, who had a very limited bottom time, to make the most efficient use of their time on location and conduct operations that required more precise dexterity than the submersible manipulator arms can perform.[11]
Salvage Operations Details
Item recovered | Date |
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SeaMarc II Deep Ocean Mapping System | November 18, 1984 |
Super Phantom Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) | January 27, 1989 |
US Geological Survey Array | August 11, 1997 |
Free Vehicle Time-Lapse Camera (YehCam) | August 14, 2006 |
Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) | November 20, 2006 |
High Frequency Acoustic Recording Package (HARP) | November 28, 2007 |
Towed Optical Assessment Device (TOAD) | April 6, 2009 |
Sea Glider 513 | October 5, 2010 |
HUMMA Time-lapse Camera Recovery | November 27, 2012 |
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) | July 10, 2013 |
University of Hawaiʻi Respirometer Instrument Package | August 9, 2013 |
Documentaries involving HURL
Title | Year | Featured on | Producer |
---|---|---|---|
Hidden Hawaii | 1991 | IMAX | Destination Cinema |
Underwater Volcano Hunters | 1999 | Investigative Reports | A&E Television Network
|
Die Tiefsee (The Deep Sea) | 2001 | German Television ZDF | Christian Bock |
Attack of the Japanese Midget Subs | 2002 | War Stories | Fox News |
Japanese Sub at Pearl Harbor | 2003 | Deep Sea Detectives History Channel | History Channel
|
Secrets of Pearl Harbor | 2004 | Military History Channel, Discovery Channel | Evergreen Films |
Oh! Friends and Fathers | 2005 | Asahi TV-Japan | Asahi Productions |
Violent Hawaii | 2005 | Nature, PBS | Moana Productions |
Jaws of the Pacific | 2005 | Shark Week Discovery Channel | Shark Entertainment Inc. |
First Shot. The Secret Submarine Attack at Pearl Harbor | 2005 | Ingo Bauernfeind, Arizona Museum Aossication | Hawaii Pacific University Film School |
Myths of Pearl Harbor | 2006 | Unsolved History Discovery Channel | Termite Art Productions |
Drain the Ocean | 2009 | National Geographic Channel
|
National Geographic , Burning Gold Productions
|
Hunt for the Samurai Subs | 2009 | Expedition Week | National Geographic , Wildlife Productions
|
Mystery of Pearl Harbor. Closing in on the Fate of the Midget Submarines | 2009 | Japanese Television | NKH |
Japanese Super Sub, Secrets of the Dead | 2009 | National Geographic Channel
|
Windfall Films/Spy Pond Productions |
Killer Subs in Pearl Harbor | 2010 | NOVA, PBS | Lone Wolf Productions |
Alien Deep in 3D (Episode 1) | 2012 | Alien Deep National Geographic Channel
|
National Geographic
|
Pacific Secrets | 2014 | Pearl Harbor | Discovery Studios Inc., Various Discovery Films |
The Truth: The Japanese Navy Secret Submarine I-400 Project | 2015 | Japanese Television | NKH |
Drain the Ocean WWII | 2016 | National Geographic Channel
|
National Geographic , Mallison Sadler Productions
|
References
- ISBN 978-0-309-05384-6.
- )
- ISBN 978-1-57356-406-9.
- ISBN 978-0-306-46345-7.
- ^ "Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab (HURL) website!". Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab (HURL) website!. Archived from the original on 2023-07-06. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
- ^ "About Us". Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Laboratory. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
- ^ Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab Website. Accomplishments. http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/science/accomplishments.html
- ^ "Students nationwide virtually participate in Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory's 1,000th Pisces submersible dive". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2011-04-05. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
- ^ "Submersible Completes 1,000th Dive Off Hawaii". OurAmazingPlanet. 2011-04-06. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
- ^ a b University of Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab@SOEST. HURL in Transition. https://www.unols.org/sites/default/files/201612desap19.pdfhttp://www.kitv.com/story/3144
- ^ a b c Hawaii Undersea Research Lab Archives. HURL Dives 1981 to Present.
- ^ Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab Archives. Maritime Heritage Database.
- ^ Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab Archives. Maritime Heritage Database. Aircraft
- ^ Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab Archives. Maritime Heritage Database. Ships
- ^ Hawaiʻi Undersea Research Lab Archives. Maritime Heritage Database. Vehicles
- ISSN 0967-0645.