Hawaiian tropical dry forests
| Hawaiian tropical dry forests | |
|---|---|
Hot semi-arid (BSh) and tropical savanna (Aw) | |
| Conservation | |
| Conservation status | Critical/Endangered[2] |
| Global 200 | Yes[3] |
Hawaiian tropical dry forests are a
Kahoʻolawe. These forests are either seasonal or sclerophyllous.[2] Annual rainfall is less than 127 cm (50 in) and may be as low as 25 cm (9.8 in).[4] The rainy season there lasts from November to March.[5]
Dominant tree species include koa (Caesalpinia kavaiensis), and Gouania spp. The palila (Loxioides bailleui), a Hawaiian honeycreeper, is restricted to this habitat type.[2]
Prehistoric dry forests
The forests' plant composition changed following the arrival of Polynesians, even excluding the deliberate introduction of non-native species.[5] Fossilized pollen has shown that loulu forests with an understory of Ka palupalu o Kanaloa (Kanaloa kahoolawensis) and ʻaʻaliʻi (Dodonaea viscosa) existed on the islands' leeward lowlands[6] from at least before 1210 B.C. until 1565 A.D. Populations of loulu and ʻaʻaliʻi remain in diminished form, while only two Ka palupalu o Kanaloa specimens have ever been seen in the wild.[7]
Maui
The
See also
- Oceanian realm
- Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
- Hawaiian tropical rainforests
- Hawaiian tropical low shrublands
- Hawaiian tropical high shrublands
- List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
References
- ^ "Hawaii Tropical Dry Forests". Bioimages. Vanderbilt University. Retrieved 2011-11-19.
- ^ a b c "Hawaii tropical dry forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 2011-11-19.
- JSTOR 3298564.
- ^ World Wildlife Fund, ed. (2001). "Hawaii tropical dry forests". WildWorld Ecoregion Profile. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 2010-03-08. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
- ^ a b "The Hawaiian Islands". Tropical Dry Forests of the Pacific. University of California, Los Angeles. Archived from the original on 2009-12-24. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
- S2CID 40057425.
- ^ Bohm, Bruce A. "Rare Delights in Hawaiʻi". Floridata. Archived from the original on 2008-12-20. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
- ^ PARSONS, ROB (2007-04-12). "Maui Koa". Maui Time. Retrieved 2018-02-13.
External links
- Medeiros, A. C.; C.F. Davenport; C.G. Chimera (1998). "Auwahi: Ethnobotany of a Hawaiian Dryland Forest" (PDF). Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.