Grappling hold
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wrestlers clinching |
A grappling hold, commonly referred to simply as a hold that in
joint-lock, or compression lock
. Multiple categories may be appropriate for some of these holds.
Clinch hold
A clinch hold (also known as a clinching hold) is a grappling hold that is used in clinch fighting with the purpose of controlling the opponent. In wrestling it is referred to as the tie-up. The use of a clinch hold results in the clinch. Clinch holds can be used to close in on the opponent, as a precursor to a takedown or throw, or to prevent the opponent from moving away or striking effectively. Typical clinch holds include:
Pinning hold
A pinning hold (also known as a hold down and in Japanese as osaekomi-waza, 抑え込み技, "pinning technique") is a general grappling hold used in ground fighting that is aimed to subdue by exerting superior control over an opponent and pinning the opponent to the ground. Pinning holds where both of the opponent's shoulders touch the ground are considered winning conditions in several combat sports.
An effective pinning hold is a winning condition in many styles of
mixed martial arts, even though the pinning hold itself is not a winning condition. The holds can be used to rest while the opponent tries to escape, to control the opponent while striking, a tactic known as ground and pound
, or to control an opponent from striking by pinning them to the ground, also known as lay and pray.
Submission hold
armbar
submission hold.In
.Common
combat sports
featuring submission holds are:
- Jujutsu
- Judo
- Sambo
- Catch wrestling
- Shoot wrestling
- Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
- Mixed martial arts
List of grappling holds
The same hold may be called by different names in different arts or countries. Some of the more common names for grappling holds in contemporary English include:
Joint locks
Joint lock: Any stabilization of one or more joints at their normal extreme range of motion
- Boston Crab: A type of spinal lock originating from catch wrestling and mostly employed in professional wrestling performances, but has been used to win a fight in MMA.[1]
- Can opener: A type of neck crank
- Crucifix: A type of neck crank
- Neck crank: Applies pressure to the neck by pulling or twisting the head
- Nelson: (quarter, half, three-quarter and full): The arm is circled under the opponent's arm, and secured at the neck
- Small joint manipulation: Joint locks on the fingers or toes
- Spine crank: Applies pressure to the spine by twisting or bending the body
- Twister: A type of body bend and neck crank
- Wristlock: A general term for joint locks on the wrist or radioulnar joint; wristlocks form the trademark offense of Aikido, and are used in combination with keylocks in catch wrestling
Armlocks
Armlock: A general term for joint locks at the elbow or shoulder
- elbow
- Chicken wing: Term for various hammer/keylocks, especially among Shoot wrestling and Jeet Kune Do practitioners
- Flying armbar: A type of armbar that is performed from a stand-up position
- Hammerlock: Pins the opponent's arm behind the back, with wrist toward their own shoulder
- Juji-Gatame: A type of armbar where the arm is held in-between the legs
- key
- medial keylock
- BJJ term for a shoulder lockusing the legs
Leglock
Leglock: A general term for joint locks at the hip, knee, or ankle
- Ankle lock: A leglock that hyper extends the ankle
- Heel hook: A leglock that attacks the knee
- hyperextends the knee
- Toe hold: A type of leglock that hyper extends the ankle
Chokeholds and strangles
- Anaconda choke: A type of arm triangle choke
- Arm triangle choke: A chokehold similar to the triangle choke except using the arms
- Crosschoke: Athlete crosses own arms in "X" shape and holds onto opponent's gior clothing
- Ezequiel: Reverse of the rear naked choke, using the inside of the sleeves for grip
- Gearlock: A modified sleeper hold that puts an incredible amount of force on the opponent's windpipe, choking them out almost instantly if applied properly [citation needed]
- strangle
- Gogoplata (Hell's Gate): Performed by putting one's shin on the wind pipe of an opponent and pulling the head down; typically set up from the rubber guard
- Guillotine choke: A facing choke, usually applied to an opponent from above
- Locoplata: A variation of the Gogo-plata that uses the other foot to push the shin into the windpipe and uses the arm to wrap around the back of the head to grab the foot to secure the choke
- north-south positionwith opponent facing up; uses the shoulder and biceps to cut off air flow
- Rear naked choke: A chokehold from the rear
- Triangle choke: A chokehold that forms a triangle around the opponent's head using the legs
Clinch holds
- Bear hug: A clinching hold encircling the opponent's torso with both arms, pulling toward oneself
- Collar tie: Facing the opponent with one or both hands on the back of their head/neck
- Muay Thai clinch: Holding the opponent with both arms around the neck while standing
- Overhook: Holding over the opponent's arm while standing
- Pinch grip tie: Term for a particular harness hold, common in Greco-Roman wrestling circles
- Underhook: Holding under the opponent's arm while standing
- Tie: A transitional hold used to stabilize the opponent in preparation for striking or throwing
Compression locks
- Achilles lock: A compression lock on the achilles tendon
- Biceps slicer: A compression lock on the elbow joint and biceps
- Figure four: (also referred to as arm triangle, leg triangle) Term for arranging one's own arm or legs to resemble shape of numeral "4" when holding opponent
- calf and thigh
Pain compliance
- Chin lock: An arm hold on the chin that hurts the chin.
Cham
soldier in a headlock.Pinning hold
- sit-up position to pin shoulders from side mount
- Staple: Using the opponent's clothing to help pin them against a surface
Other grappling holds
- Grapevine: Twisting limbs around limbs in a manner similar to a plant vine
- Harness: A hold that encircles the torso of an opponent, sometimes diagonally
- Headlock: Circling the opponent's head with an arm, especially from the side; also called a rear Chancery
- Hooks: Wrapping the arm or leg around an opponent's limb(s) for greater control
- chest or abdomen
- Scissor: Places the opponent between the athlete's legs (like paper to be cut by scissors)
- Stack: Compresses the opponent in a vertical sit-upposition (feet up) to pin their shoulders to mat
See also
- Chokehold
- Clinch fighting
- Compression lock
- Grappling
- Ground fighting
- Joint lock
- Judo techniques
- Jujutsu techniques
- Professional wrestling holds
References
- ^ "VIDEO - This Fighter Just Pulled Off a Boston Crab Submission in MMA - BJPenn.com". bjpenn.com. 30 September 2017.
- Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: Theory and Technique by Renzo Gracie and Royler Gracie (2001). ISBN 1-931229-08-2
- Championship Wrestling, Revised Edition. (Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1950).
- No Holds Barred Fighting: The Ultimate Guide to Submission Wrestling by Mark Hatmaker with Doug Werner. ISBN 1-884654-17-7
- Small-Circle Jujitsu by Wally Jay. (Burbank CA: Ohara Publications, 1989).
External links
- Free Jiu-Jitsu and Submission Grappling Videos Archived 2007-10-11 at the Wayback Machine
- The Subtle Science of the Muay Thai Clinch By Roberto Pedreira Includes pictures of common Muay Thai clinching holds.
- Lessons in Wrestling and Physical Culture, a scan of the 1912 correspondence course from Martin 'Farmer' Burns.
- List of Submissions for MMA Grappling holds and submissions used in MMA. Each submission links to videos and step by step instruction.
- categorized judo techniques on video - Tournaments, champions, Olympics etc.
- Mixed Martial Arts Search Engine A search engine covering all things exclusive to MMA.
- MMA Training Free MMA Training help and advice.
- MMM Submission Moves Archived 2018-03-08 at the Wayback Machine 10 Submission Moves For MMA Athlets.
- Female Wrestling Channel Rules Competitive Female Wrestling Pin and Submission Rules at the Female Wrestling Channel
- [1] Free book focusing on the mount position
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