Health in Libya

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Healthcare in Libya
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A health care crisis currently exists in Libya due to the ongoing conflict.

History

There has been a crisis in the health system in

clean water supply has increased and sanitation has been improved. The country's major hospitals are in Tripoli and Benghazi.[1]

Demographics

Libya's population in 2015 was 6.3 million which means that the population has increased by 32.6% in the past 25 years. Among this population 17.1% are between 15 and 24 years (2015) and for this age group the literacy rate is 99.9% while it is 89.9% for adult males and 83.7% for adult females, the life expectancy is 75 years (2012). "The out-of-pocket expenditure share is 29.7% (2013) and the health workforce density (2009) is 19.0 physicians and 68.0 nurses and midwives per 10 000 population".[2]

Life expectancy at birth
in Libya
Total population 6.3 million
Population growth rate
% per year (2010)		 2.8%
Crude birth rate
per 1000 people (2010)		 24.9%
Crude death rate
per 1000 people (2010)		 4.1%
Life expectancy at birth
years (2008)		 72.3
Fertility rate
(number of births per woman) (2012)		 2.41
Urban population % of total (2010) 86%

Source: General Authority of Information, Libya.[3]

Education

The history of medical education in Libya spans over a period of 40 years. Medical schools had a good and promising start in the 1970s. With the discovery of oil in the early 1960s, a good number of students were sponsored by the Libyan government to study medicine in many European and North American universities. This led to the establishment of the first generation of Libyan doctors and academics who founded the first medical school in Benghazi in 1970 and a second one was established in Tripoli in 1973. Al-Arab Medical University was found in 1984 as the result of a merge of the medical school in Benghazi with other health-related schools. The same applies to University of Tripoli (University of Al-Fateh for Medical Science) and that was in 1986. This newborn medical education system adopted the British system as its curriculum and English was the language of instructions.

In the period between 1987 and 2001 there was an increase in the number of medical schools in the country and 7 new schools were established in

Sebha, Surt, Misurata, Zawia, Khums, Bayda and Ghayran.[4]

The health sector before and after the 2011 upraise

A Ministry of Health report stated that Libya has 96 hospitals, 25 specialized units, 1355 basic health centers, 37 polyclinics and 17 quarantine units and in February 2009 there were 10230 doctors (17/10 000 population), 84% of them were nationals.[5]

Although the Libyan authorities have largely invested in health services in the three decades up to 2011, which reflected positively in the population's health indicators, some significant challenges remained, most notably:

Since the beginning of the 2011 conflict, the Libyan health system has been adversely affected. Many factors impose serious challenges to the public health sector such as the insufficiency of health information system, severe medical supply shortage, and loss of the health staff.[2]

Health services are becoming progressively unavailable. For example, Al Zahra Kidney Hospital near Tripoli was severely damaged and looted during April 2015 clashes. Many hospitals in Benghazi were forced to close because of security concerns. In the meanwhile Benghazi Medical Center (BMC) became the primary hospital for provision of health care in the city of Benghazi. The country is facing severe shortage of medications, medical supplies, and vaccinations which is basically caused by the lack of security and the interrupted supplies delivery. Among the shortage list are chronic disease medications like insulin, anti-tuberculosis, anti-neoplastic, and HIV/AIDS medications as well as laboratory reagents, obstetric and renal dialysis supplies and intravenous fluids. Surgical theaters are suffering from the insufficiency of anesthetics, dressing materials, and internal fixators for fractures.[3]

The country is witnessing a wave of internal displacement, it is estimated that the total number of

nongovernmental organizations(NGOs) state that the displaced population in lacking water, food, shelter, health care and other basic commodities. On the other hand, the hosting cities and town are also facing significant pressure. Since June 2014 the food, fuel, water, medical supplies and electricity shortage has worsened.[3]

Hospitals

The following are some of the hospitals in Libya:[6]

Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

References

  1. ^ "Libya: Health". LookLex Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
  2. ^ a b "Health profile 2015: Libya" (PDF). WHO.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Humanitarian crisis in Libya: Public health risk assessment and interventions" (PDF). WHO. May 2015.
  4. doi:10.1080/01421590902832988
    .
  5. ^ "Libya crisis August 2011 update" (PDF). WHO.
  6. ^ "Hospitals in Libya" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  7. ^ "Medical Assistance". US Embassy, Tripoli. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
  8. ^ "St. James Clinic". St. James Libya. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
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