Heinrich Otto Wieland

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Heinrich Otto Wieland
Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1927)
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry
InstitutionsTechnical University of Munich 1913–1921,
Doctoral advisorJohannes Thiele[citation needed]
Doctoral studentsRolf Huisgen,
Leopold Horner

Heinrich Otto Wieland (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈviːlant] ; 4 June 1877 – 5 August 1957) was a German chemist. He won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research into the bile acids.[1][2]

Career

In 1901 Wieland received his doctorate at the University of Munich while studying under

Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Dahlem then led by Fritz Haber[4] as an alternative to regular military service. There he was involved in weapons research for instance finding new synthetic routes for mustard gas. He is also credited with the first synthesis of Adamsite
.

From 1913 to 1921, he was Professor at the Technical University of Munich. He then moved to the University of Freiburg as successor of Ludwig Gattermann (he also assumed responsibility for Gattermanns famous cookbook).[5] In Freiburg he started working on toad poisons and bile acids. In association with Boehringer Ingelheim he worked on synthetic alkaloids such as morphine and strychnine.

In 1925 Wieland succeeded

University of Munich.[6][5]

In 1941, Wieland isolated the toxin

alpha-amanitin, the principal active agent of one of the world's most poisonous mushrooms Amanita phalloides.[5]

Wieland tried successfully to protect people, especially

Jewish students, who were "racially burdened" after the Nuremberg Laws. Students who were expelled because they were "racially burdened" could stay in Heinrich Wieland's group as chemists or as "Gäste des Geheimrats" (guests of the privy councillor). Hans Conrad Leipelt, a student of Wieland, was sentenced to death after collecting money for Kurt Huber
's widow Clara Huber.

Family

Heinrich's father, Theodor Wieland (1846–1928) was a pharmacist with a doctorate in chemistry. He owned a gold and silver refinery in Pforzheim.[4] Heinrich Wieland was a cousin of Helene Boehringer, the wife of Albert Boehringer, who was the founder of the Boehringer Ingelheim pharmaceutical company. He worked for the company from 1915 to 1920 and established the company's scientific department.

Eva Wieland, Heinrich Wieland's daughter, was married to

Feodor Lynen
on 14 May 1937.

Heinrich Wieland Prize

Since 1964, the

clinical medicine of lipids and related substances, nowadays the prize is awarded for outstanding research on biologically active molecules and systems in the fields of chemistry, biochemistry, and physiology as well as on their clinical importance. The prize is among the most treasured international science awards and has a successful history of over 50 years. The Heinrich Wieland Prize has been sponsored by Boehringer Ingelheim from 2000 to 2010. From 2011, it has been awarded by the Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation. The awardees have always been selected by an independent Board of Trustees. Since 2014, it has been endowed with 100,000 euros.[7]

References

  1. ^ .
  2. ^ .
  3. ^ Heinrich Otto Wieland on Nobelprize.org Edit this at Wikidata including the Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1928 The Chemistry of the Bile Acids
  4. ^
    PMID 18061927
    .
  5. ^ .
  6. ^ "Heinrich Wieland - Biography".
  7. ^ "Heinrich Wieland Prize". Boehringer Ingelheim Stiftung. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

External links