Helicobacter
Helicobacter | |
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Scanning electron micrograph of Helicobacter bilis bacteria | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Campylobacterota |
Class: | "Campylobacteria"
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Order: | Campylobacterales |
Family: | Helicobacteraceae
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Genus: | Helicobacter Goodwin et al. 1989[1] |
Type species | |
Helicobacter pylori (Marshall et al. 1985) Goodwin et al. 1989
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Species | |
See text | |
Synonyms | |
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Helicobacter is a
Some species have been found living in the lining of the
.Helicobacter species are able to thrive in the very
Molecular signatures
Comparative genomic analysis has led to the identification of 11 proteins that are uniquely found in the Helicobacteraceae. Of these proteins, seven are found in all species of the family, while the remaining four are not found in any Helicobacter strains and are unique to Wollinella. Additionally, a rare genetic event has led to the fusion of the rpoB and rpoC genes in this family, which is characteristic of them.[10]
Non-H. pylori species
Recently, new gastric (H. suis and H. baculiformis) and enterohepatic (H. equorum) species have been reported. H. pylori is of primary importance for medicine, but non-H. pylori species, which naturally inhabit mammals (except humans) and birds, have been detected in human clinical specimens. These encompass two (gastric and enterohepatic) groups, showing different organ specificity. Importantly, some species, such as H. hepaticus, H. mustelae, and probably H. bilis, exhibit carcinogenic potential in animals. They harbour many virulence genes and may cause diseases not only in animals, but also in humans. Gastric species such as H. suis (most often), H. felis, H. bizzozeronii, and H. salomonis have been associated with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers in humans, and importantly, with higher risk for MALT lymphoma compared to H. pylori.
Enterohepatic species e.g., H. hepaticus, H. bilis, and H. ganmani, have been detected by
H. heilmannii sensu lato
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[14]
16S rRNA based | 120 single copy marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214[18][19][20] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Species incertae sedis:
- "Ca. H. bovis" De Groote et al. 1999
- "H. callitrichis" Won et al. 2007
- "Ca. H. cebus" Gueneau de Novoa et al. 2001a
- H. ibis Lopez-Cantillo et al. 2023
- "H. muricola" Won et al. 2002
- "H. peregrinus" Coldham et al. 2004
- "H. suncus" Goto et al. 1998
- "H. tursiopsae" Gueneau de Novoa et al. 2001b
- "H. vulpecula" Coldham et al. 2004
See also
References
- ^ a b A.C. Parte; et al. "Helicobacter". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- .
- ^ ISBN 978-1-904455-84-4.
- PMID 1704793.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-904455-31-8. [1].
- ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- PMID 9336670.
- PMID 11819372.
- ISBN 978-1-904455-31-8. [2].
- PMID 10368167.
- ^ PMID 25548476.
- PMID 22653899.
- PMID 31486233.
- ^ Sayers; et al. "Helicobacter". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
- ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "LTP_08_2023 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "GTDB release 08-RS214". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ^ "bac120_r214.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
External links
- Helicobacter genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by NIAID
- List of species in Helicobacter, with links to sequence information
- Helicobacter at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase