Henri Fenet

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Henri Joseph Fenet (11 July 1919 – 14 September 2002) was a French collaborator who served in the Milice française before joining the Waffen-SS during World War II. As the surviving battalion commander of SS Charlemagne, Fenet was part of the last defenders in the area of the Reich Chancellery and Hitler's Führerbunker in April-May 1945.^[1] After the war, he was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with hard labour in 1949. He was released in 1959 and died on 14 September 2002.

French service

Henri Joseph Fenet was born on 11 July 1919 in France. Prior to World War II he studied literature at the University of Paris. At the outbreak of war he volunteered for the French Army and was commissioned as an officer with the rank of lieutenant. He was wounded twice and decorated with the Croix de Guerre.^[2] Following the capitulation of France he chose to stay and join the Armistice Army of Vichy France serving in a colonial regiment in Mauritania until October 1942.^[3] On his return Fenet joined the newly formed collaborationist paramilitary Milice before volunteering in October 1943 for the Waffen-SS.^[4]

Waffen-SS

In July 1943

The unit was sent to fight the Soviet Red Army in Poland, but by 25 February it was attacked at Hammerstein (present day Czarne) in Pomerania, by troops of the 1st Belorussian Front. The Soviet forces split the French force into three pockets.^[8] In heavy fighting against the Soviet Red Army, 7 officers and 130 men were killed, while 8 officers and 661 men were wounded.^[9] Fenet's battalion was part of one of the groups that was able to break out and return to the German lines. They were evacuated by the German Navy to Denmark and later sent to Neustrelitz.^[8]

Berlin, 1945

On 23 April 1945, the

In the days which followed, fighting was very heavy and by 28 April, 108 Soviet tanks had been destroyed in the southeast of Berlin within the S-Bahn. The French squads under the command of Fenet accounted for "about half" of the tanks.[11] Fenet, who was now wounded in the foot, withdrew with the battalion to the vicinity of the Reich Aviation Ministry in the central government district under the command of Wilhelm Mohnke.^[11] For the combat actions of the battalion during the Battle of Berlin, Fenet was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 29 April 1945 by Mohnke.^[12] By the evening of 30 April, the French SS men serving under Fenet had destroyed another 21 Soviet tanks.^[13] SS Charlemagne and its remaining men under the command of Fenet, were one of the last units defending Hitler's Führerbunker.^[14][15] On 2 May 1945, most of the surviving Frenchmen left in Berlin surrendered to the Soviet Red Army.^[16] The rest, including Fenet, surrendered to British forces at Bad Kleinen and Wismar.^[16] Fenet was handed over to the Soviet Red Army, who put him in a prisoner of war camp and then let him be treated for his foot wound at hospital. He was then returned to a POW camp and a short time later released by the Soviets. Fenet was arrested upon his return to France.^[17]

Later life

In 1949, Fenet was convicted of being a

• Croix de Guerre (France).^[19]
• Knight's Cross; 29 April 1945 (Nazi Germany).^[20]

References

Citations

Bibliography

• ISBN 978-0-670-03041-5
  .
• Curtis, M. (2002). Verdict on Vichy: Power and Prejudice in the Vichy France Regime. Arcade Pub.
  ISBN 978-1-55970-689-6
  .
• Forbes, Robert (2010) [2006]. For Europe: The French Volunteers of the Waffen-SS. Stackpole Books.
  ISBN 978-0-8117-3581-0
  .
• Lefebvre-Filleau, J.P.; Perrault, G. (2017). Ces Français qui ont collaboré avec le IIIe Reich (in French). Editions du Rocher.
  ISBN 978-2-268-09102-0
  .
• Littlejohn, David (1987). Foreign Legions of the Third Reich Vol. 1 Norway, Denmark, France. Bender Publishing.
  ISBN 978-0912138176
  .
• McNab, Chris (2013). Hitler's Elite: The SS 1939–45. Osprey.
  ISBN 978-1-78200-088-4
  .
• Sangster, A. (2016). The Agony of France. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  ISBN 978-1-4438-9673-3
  .
• Vallatoux, P.; Aiolfi, X. (2020). The Final Archives of the Führerbunker: Berlin in 1945, the Chancellery and the Last Days of Hitler. Casemate.
  ISBN 978-1-61200-905-6
  .
• Valode, P. (2013). Le livre noir de la Collaboration. Acropole (in French). edi8.
  ISBN 978-2-7357-0377-7
  .