Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville
Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | 1 May 1850 | (aged 72)
Known for | Taxonomic authority on zoological species |
Awards | Member of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia and of the French Academy of Sciences; foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences |
Scientific career | |
Fields | |
Institutions | Collège de France French Academy of Sciences |
Author abbrev. (zoology) | Blainville |
Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (French:
Life
Blainville was born at
In 1819, Blainville was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia.[2] In 1825 he was admitted a member of the French Academy of Sciences; and in 1830 he was appointed to succeed Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in the chair of natural history at the museum. Two years later, on the death of Cuvier, he obtained the chair of comparative anatomy, of which he proved himself a worthy successor to his former teacher.[1] In 1837, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. On May 1, 1850, he died from an attack of apoplexy in a railway carriage at the Embarcadère du Havre (current Gare Saint-Lazare) in Paris.[3]
He was the
In the field of
Blainville rejected evolution. He was a critic of Lamarck's evolutionary ideas but similar to Lamarck proposed a great chain of being.[7][8]
It was in 1822 that he coined the term paleontology.
Taxon named in his honor
Blainville is commemorated in the scientific names of several species, such as the
- North American lizard Phrynosoma blainvillii.[9]
- The fossil periodof Europe.
- The deep-bodied pipefish (Leptonotus blainvilleanus) (Eydoux & Gervais, 1837) is a species of marine fish belonging to the family Syngnathidae.[10]
Selected writings
- Sur les ichthyolites, ou, Les poissons fossiles (1818) - On "ichthyolites", or fossil fish.
- De l'organisation des animaux, ou Principes d'anatomie comparée (1822) - On the organization of animals, or principles of comparative anatomy.
- Manuel de malacologie et de conchyliologie (1825-1827) - Manual of malacology and conchology.
- Cours de physiologie générale et comparée (1829) - Course of general and comparative physiology.
- Manuel d'actinologie, ou de zoophytologie (1834) - Manual of actinology [the study of the chemical effects of visible and ultraviolet light] or zoophytology.
- Ostéographie ou description iconographique comparée du squelette et du système dentaire des mammifères récents et fossiles (1839–64) - Osteography or comparative iconographical descriptions of the skeleton and teeth of living and fossil mammals.
Taxon described by him
References
- ^ a b Chisholm 1911.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2021-04-05.
- ^ Du jardin au Muséum en 516 biographies / Philippe Jaussaud; Edouard-Raoul Brygoo .- Paris : Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2004 .- pp. 169-170 Archived 2014-02-21 at the Wayback Machine (Archives)
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed. (1878) Amphibia
- ^ Google Books Report of the Annual Meeting, Volume 4, Part 1835 by British Association for the Advancement of Science. Meeting
- ^ "Blainville". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
- ^ Appel, Toby A. (1980). Henri De Blainville and the Animal Series: A Nineteenth-Century Chain of Being. Journal of the History of Biology 13 (2): 291-319.
- ISBN 0-226-14374-0"As early as 1816 Henri de Blainville, professor of zoology at the faculty of sciences, had adopted Lamarck's animal series, with its spontaneously generated base (although without accepting his transformism)"
- ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Blainville", p. 26).
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (22 September 2018). "Order SYNGNATHIFORMES: Families AULOSTOMIDAE, CENTRISCIDAE, FISTULARIIDAE, SOLENOSTOMIDAE and SYNGNATHIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
Attribution:
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Blainville, Henri Marie Ducrotay de". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 33. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the