Henry Jackson (Royal Navy officer)

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Sir

Henry Jackson
Grand Cross of the Order of Naval Merit (Spain)
Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun
(Japan)

First Lord of the Admiralty (and former Prime Minister) Arthur Balfour, but largely concerned himself with administrative matters and his prestige suffered when German destroyers appeared in the Channel
, as a result of which he was replaced in December 1916.

Early career

Born the son of Henry Jackson (linen manufacturer and bleacher) and Jane Jackson (née Tee) of

Cape of Good Hope Station in March 1878 and saw action ashore during the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879.[2] He attended the torpedo school HMS Vernon in 1881 and, after qualifying as a torpedo officer, joined the directing staff there.[2]

Promoted to commander on 1 January 1890,[4] Jackson became commanding officer of the torpedo school training ship HMS Defiance at Wearde Quay near Saltash in January 1895: at the school he established an early reputation as a pioneer of ship-to-ship wireless technology.[5][6] Promoted to captain on 30 June 1896,[7] he became the first person to achieve ship-to-ship wireless communications and demonstrated continuous communication with another vessel up to three miles away.[5][6] Later trials achieved transmission over distances up to 140 miles, and investigated the effects of intervening land.[8] He became naval attaché in Paris in 1897 and went on to be commanding officer of the cruiser HMS Juno (equipped with wireless) in July 1899 and commanding officer of the torpedo depot ship HMS Vulcan (also equipped with wireless) in the Mediterranean Fleet in December 1899.[2] He worked with Marconi to develop a fleet wireless system and this achievement was recognised with his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1901.[2]

  • Jackson in 1897 when he was carrying out his early experiments on HMS Defiance
    Jackson in 1897 when he was carrying out his early experiments on HMS Defiance
  • Jackson's 1897 transmitter
    Jackson's 1897 transmitter
  • Jackson's 1897 receiver
    Jackson's 1897 receiver
  • The East Goodwin Lightship in 1898, the first lightvessel to be equipped with wireless
    The East Goodwin Lightship in 1898, the first lightvessel to be equipped with wireless
  • HMS Juno. The cruiser equipped with wireless and commanded by Captain H.B. Jackson during the Summer Manoeuvres of 1899.
    HMS Juno. The cruiser equipped with wireless and commanded by Captain H.B. Jackson during the Summer Manoeuvres of 1899.

He went on to be assistant director of Naval Ordnance at the

Order of Naval Merit on the occasion of the visit of his flagship to Valencia in May 1909.[14]

Jackson was promoted to vice admiral on 15 March 1911[15] on appointment as Director of the Royal Naval War College.[13] He became Chief of the Admiralty War Staff in February 1913, and having been promoted to full admiral on 10 February 1914,[16] he became advisor on overseas expeditions, planning attacks on Germany's colonial possessions at the start of World War I.[13]

First Sea Lord

The Royal Naval College, Greenwich where Jackson served as President

Jackson was selected as the surprise successor to Admiral

Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 4 December 1916.[17]

Later life

Jackson became President of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich in December 1916[13] and was appointed First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp on 2 April 1917.[18] He was also awarded the Grand Cordon of the Japanese Order of the Rising Sun on 2 November 1917.[19] He was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 31 July 1919[20] and retired from the Royal Naval College in August 1919.[21] He was appointed the first Chairman of the Radio Research Board of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in 1920[21] and also won the Hughes Medal from the Royal Society "for his pioneer work in the scientific investigations of radiotelegraphy and its application to navigation" in 1926.[22] In the 1920s, Jackson assisted Winston Churchill by checking some of the facts in his books on the Great War, The World Crisis.[23]

He died at his home at Hayling Island in Hampshire on 14 December 1929.[21]

Family

In 1890 Jackson married Alice Burbury, daughter of Samuel Hawksley Burbury FRS; they had no children.[2]

References

  1. ^ The Times. 16 December 1929. p. 16.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Heathcote, p. 126
  3. ^ "No. 24517". The London Gazette. 30 October 1877. p. 5920.
  4. ^ "No. 26007". The London Gazette. 31 December 1889. p. 7553.
  5. ^ a b "Captain Henry Jackson's Radio Experiments". Saltash & District Amateur Radio Club. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-0-11-290113-6
    .
  7. ^ "No. 26757". The London Gazette. 10 July 1896. p. 3978.
  8. S2CID 140658993
    .
  9. ^ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36666. London. 16 January 1902. p. 7.
  10. ^ "No. 27839". The London Gazette. 26 September 1905. p. 6472.
  11. ^ "No. 27960". The London Gazette. 23 October 1906. p. 7111.
  12. ^ "No. 27965". The London Gazette. 9 November 1906. p. 7552.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g Heathcote, p. 127
  14. ^ "No. 28338". The London Gazette. 11 February 1910. p. 1027.
  15. ^ "No. 28476". The London Gazette. 17 March 1911. p. 2233.
  16. ^ "No. 28801". The London Gazette. 13 February 1914. p. 1176.
  17. ^ "No. 29848". The London Gazette. 5 December 1916. p. 11839.
  18. ^ "No. 30008". The London Gazette. 3 April 1917. p. 3206.
  19. ^ "No. 30363". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 October 1917. p. 11322.
  20. ^ "No. 31489". The London Gazette. 5 August 1919. p. 9961.
  21. ^ a b c Heathcote, p. 128
  22. ^ Science. HighWire Press. 1926. p. 552.
  23. ISBN 0-7181-2275-5
    .

Sources

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henry Jackson (Royal Navy officer).
Military offices
Preceded by
Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy

1905–1908 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
First Sea Lord

1915–1916
Preceded by President, Royal Naval College, Greenwich
1916–1919 		Succeeded by
Honorary titles
Preceded by First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp
1917–1919 		Succeeded by
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