Henry Yule

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Not to be confused with Henry Youll.
FRSGS
Born(1820-05-01)1 May 1820
Inveresk, East Lothian, Scotland
Died30 December 1889(1889-12-30) (aged 69)
London, Middlesex, England
EducationAddiscombe Military Seminary
Occupation(s)Orientalist, geographer
Notable workHobson-Jobson (1886)
Awards
  • Companion of the Order of the Bath
    (1863)
  • Royal Geographical Society's Founder's Medal
    (1872)
  • Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India
    (1889)

Anglo-Indian terms, the Hobson-Jobson, with Arthur Coke Burnell
.

Early life

Henry Yule was born at

FRSE.[1]

Elizabeth died before Henry was eight and William moved to Edinburgh with his sons, where Henry attended the Royal High School. In 1833 he was sent to be coached by the Reverend Henry Hamilton at his rectory in the village of Wath near Ripon in North Yorkshire. When Hamilton moved to Cambridge in the following year Yule was transferred to the care of the Reverend James Challis, at Papworth Everard near Cambridge. The other resident pupils were John Neale and Harvey Goodwin. (Neale co-founded the Society of Saint Margaret, an order of women in the Church of England dedicated to nursing the sick, while Goodwin became Bishop of Carlisle.) Yule's stay at Papworth Everard ended in 1826 when Challis was appointed Plumian Professor of Astronomy and moved to the Observatory in Cambridge.[2]

After a brief period at

Bengal Engineers in 1840.[5][2]

Both of Henry's brothers worked in India. The eldest, George Udny Yule (1813–1886), worked in the

Bengal civil service. The other brother, Robert (1817–1857), died near Delhi during the Indian Rebellion.[2] The statistician Udny Yule was the son of George and thus the nephew of Henry.[6]

Henry was interested in Arabic and

Mohammed, the prophet of Islam; the obscure English word "apothegm" refers to short pithy sayings, see hadith
.)

India

The main pass, Aden by Yule, drawn in January 1844 during his return journey to India.

Yule arrived in

living root bridges. In 1842 he was transferred to a team of engineers led by Captain (later General) William Baker charged with the construction of irrigation canals. Their headquarters were at Karnal, 130 km (81 mi) to the north of Delhi
.

He returned to England in 1843 and

Sikh wars (1845–1846 and 1848–1849). In 1849 he took three years of extended leave and returned to live in Edinburgh with his wife. He lectured at the Scottish Naval and Military Academy and wrote a volume on fortifications (1851).[5]

A daughter, Amy, was born in 1852 and shortly after her birth, Yule returned to Bengal. He worked in

Arthur Phayre's mission to Ava, Burma, in 1855. In 1858 he published his account of this journey, Narrative of the Mission to the Court of Ava with illustrations.[12] The 1857 rebellion made his life difficult, and although Yule was close to the governor generals Lord Dalhousie and Lord Canning, he lost interest in his work.[5]

Retirement in Europe

Yule retired in 1862, and Canning's death in that year made it difficult for him to find any official appointment in London. In 1863 he was created a

Founder's Medal of the Royal Geographical Society the following year.[13] After his wife's death in 1875, Yule returned to England, where he was appointed to the Council of India. Yule remarried in 1877, his new wife Mary Wilhelmina (died 26 April 1881) the daughter of a Bengal civil servant, Fulwar Skipwith.[5]

Yule was a member, and from 1877 to 1889 President, of the Hakluyt Society. He was also vice-president of the Royal Geographical Society (1887–9), and would have become a president but for a protest that he led along with Henry Hyndman against Henry Morton Stanley. The Society wanted to welcome Stanley but Yule stood against the violent methods used in Africa. One of his heroes, on the other hand, was Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley.[14]

For the Hakluyt Society, Yule edited the Mirabilia Descripta (1863), a translation of the travels of the 14th century Friar Jordanus,[15] and The Diary of William Hedges (3 vols, 1887–89). The latter contains a biography of Governor Pitt, grandfather of William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. He contributed introductions to Nikolay Przhevalsky's Mongolia (1876) and Captain William Gill's The River of Golden Sand (1880). He wrote biographical notes for the Royal Engineers' Journal, and many geographical entries in the Encyclopædia Britannica.

Yule's most popular work, compiled with

British India
.

Yule died at his home at 3 Penywern Road,

Tunbridge Wells.[5]

Awards

Yule was awarded an honorary doctorate (

Edinburgh University in 1884 and served as royal commissioner for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition of 1886. He was created Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India in 1889.[2] In 1889 he was made a Fellow of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society (FRSGS).[16]

Selected publications

For a full list see Cordier & Yule (1903).[17]

  • Yule, Henry (1842). "Notes on the iron of the Khasia Hills, for the Museum of Economic Geography". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 11 Part 2, Jul–Dec (129): 853–857.
  • Yule, Henry (1844). "Notes on the Khasia Hills, and people". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 14 Part 2, Jul–Dec (152): 612–631.
  • Yule, Henry (1851). Fortification for officers of the army and students of military history. Edinburgh: William Blackwood & Sons.
  • Yule, Henry (1858). A narrative of the mission sent by the governor-general of India to the court of Ava in 1855, with notices of the country, government, and people. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  • Yule, Henry, ed. and trans. (1863). Mirabilia descripta: the wonders of the East. London: Hakluyt Society.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Yule, Henry, ed. (1866). Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China (2 Volumes). London: Hakluyt Society. Scans from Google: Volume 1, Volume 2. Scans from the Digital Silk Road Project: Volume 1, Volume 2
  • Yule, Henry, ed. (1871). The Book of Ser Marco Polo. London: John Murray. Volume 1, Volume 2.
  • Yule, Henry, ed. (1887–1889). The diary of William Hedges, esq. (afterwards Sir William Hedges), during his agency in Bengal: as well as on his voyage out and return overland (1681–1697). London: Hakluyt Society. Volume 1; Volume 2; Volume 3 William Hedges was an administrator of the East India Company
  • Yule, Henry; Burnell, A.C. (1903) [1886]. Hobson-Jobson: A glossary of colloquial Anglo-Indian words and phrases, and of kindred terms, etymological, historical, geographical and discursive. William Crooke ed. London: J. Murray. (Searchable database)

Editions revised by Henri Cordier

  • Yule, Henry; Cordier, Henri, eds. (1903). The Book of Ser Marco Polo (2 Volumes) (3rd ed.). London: John Murray. Volume 1; Volume 2. Scans from the Digital Silk Road Project: Volume 1 Volume 2.
  • Yule, Henry; Cordier, Henri, eds. (1915). Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China (4 Volumes) (2nd ed.). London: Hakluyt Society. Volume 1; Volume 2; Volume 3; Volume 4.

Contributions

  • Yule, Henry (1872). "The geography and history of the upper waters of the Oxus". In Wood, John (ed.). A Journey to the Source of the River Oxus (2nd ed.). London: Murray. pp. xxi–xci.
  • Przhevalskii, Nikolai Mikhailovich (1876). Mongolia, the Tangut country, and the solitudes of northern Tibet, being a narrative of three years' travel in eastern high Asia (2 Volumes). Morgan, E. Delmar (translator), Yule, Henry (Introduction and Notes ). London: S. Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington. Volume 1, Volume 2. The travels of Nikolay Przhevalsky.

References

  1. S2CID 178300526
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e Yule 1903.
  3. ^ Vibart 1894, p. 680.
  4. ^ Vibart 1894, p. 487.
  5. ^ a b c d e Driver 2004.
  6. S2CID 178300526
    .
  7. ^ Yule 1844.
  8. ^ "The United Service Magazine". Part 3. 1843: 319. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ Pollock, Arthur William Alsager (1856). "The United Service Magazine". Part 3: 172. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  10. ^ Baker, Dempster & Yule 1868.
  11. ^ Yule 1903, pp. xxxvii-xxxviii.
  12. ^ Yule 1858.
  13. ^ "Medals and Awards: Gold Medal recipients" (PDF). Royal Geographical Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  14. ISBN 978-0191645846
    .
  15. ^ Yule 1863.
  16. ^ "Honorary Fellowship (FRSGS) | RSGS". Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
  17. ^ Cordier & Yule 1903.

Sources

Further reading

External links

Wikisource has original works by or about:
Henry Yule
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Yule, Sir Henry".
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